scholarly journals Water temperature, body mass and fasting heat production of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 1305-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
FREDY A.A. AGUILAR ◽  
THALINE M.P. DA CRUZ ◽  
GERSON B. MOURÃO ◽  
JOSÉ EURICO P. CYRINO
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

Energy balance in ovariectomized rats with and without estrogen replacement

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. R400-R405 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Laudenslager ◽  
C. W. Wilkinson ◽  
H. J. Carlisle ◽  
H. T. Hammel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Dry Heat

The effect of estrogen replacement on several parameters of energy balance was investigated in ovariectomized rats tested during the dark phase of their diurnal cycle. Estrogen replacement, either as 17 beta-estradiol or beta-estradiol-3-benzoate via subcutaneous Silastic capsules, was associated with elevated rates of heat production and dry heat loss relative to untreated ovariectomized controls. Estrogen treatment reduced body mass and retarded fur growth. The effects of estrogen replacement on heat production and dry heat loss could not be attributed to these differences in body mass and fur growth or locomotor activity. Estrogen replacement had no effect on rate of evaporative heat loss. If estrogen replacement was delayed 75 days following ovariectomy, the increase in heat production and dry heat loss was not observed. There was no effect of the hormone treatment on rectal temperature. It was concluded that either heat production was elevated, with dry heat loss increased to compensate for the additional thermal load, or dry heat loss was accelerated with heat production elevated in compensation.

Effects of Plane of Nutrition on Organ Size and Fasting Heat Production in Pigs

1982 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Jung Koong ◽  
John A. Nienaber ◽  
Jerome C. Pekas ◽  
Jong-Tseng Yen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

scholarly journals Use of theoretical efficiencies of protein and fat synthesis to calculate energy requirements for growth in pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Z. Roux
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Regression Estimate ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Approximate Equality ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

From the observation that fasting heat production includes the cost of body protein resynthesis and the evidence that protein resynthesis is included in the regression estimate of protein retention efficiency it is conjectured that the estimate of maintenance from fasting heat production must be conceptually equal to the regression intercept estimate of maintenance plus the cost of body protein resynthesis. Experimental evidence for comparable situations shows an approximate observational equality in agreement with the conjectured conceptual equality. This approximate equality implies that the theoretical (stiochiometric) efficiency of protein synthesis should be used in conjunction with the estimate of maintenance from fasting heat production for the prediction of growth energy requirements. The approximate maintenance equalities suggest furthermore approximate equality of theoretical fat synthesis efficiency and regression fat retention efficiency. This conjecture is also supported by experimental evidence. Some practical nutrition and pig breeding implications of the foregoing conclusions are indicated.

Fasting heat production and metabolic body size in non-ruminant growing farm animals

2013 ◽  
pp. 313-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Noblet ◽  
E. Labussière ◽  
S. Dubois ◽  
C. F. M. de Lange ◽  
R. Barea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

Effect of pressure on thermal insulation in humans wearing wet suits

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1916-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Park ◽  
J. Iwamoto ◽  
F. Tajima ◽  
K. Miki ◽  
Y. S. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Healthy Males

The present work was undertaken to determine the critical water temperature (Tcw), defined as the lowest water temperature a subject can tolerate at rest for 3 h without shivering, of wet-suited subjects during water immersion at different ambient pressures. Nine healthy males wearing neoprene wet suits (5 mm thick) were subjected to immersion to the neck in water at 1, 2, and 2.5 ATA while resting for 3 h. Continuous measurements of esophageal (T(es)) and skin (Tsk) temperatures and heat loss from the skin (Htissue) and wet suits (Hsuit) were recorded. Insulation of the tissue (Itissue), wet suits (Isuit), and overall total (Itotal) were calculated from the temperature gradient and the heat loss. The Tcw increased curvilinearly as the pressure increased, whereas the metabolic heat production during rest and immersion was identical over the range of pressure tested. During the 3rd h of immersion, Tes was identical under all atmospheric pressures; however, Tsk was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) at 2 and 2.5 ATA compared with 1 ATA. A 42 (P less than 0.001) and 50% (P less than 0.001), reduction in Isuit from the 1 ATA value was detected at 2 and 2.5 ATA, respectively. However, overall mean Itissue was maximal and independent of the pressure during immersion at Tcw. The Itotal was also significantly smaller in 2 and 2.5 ATA compared with 1 ATA. The Itissue provided most insulation in the extremities, such as the hand and foot, and the contribution of Isuit in these body parts was relatively small. On the other hand, Itissue of the trunk areas, such as the chest, back, and thigh, was not high compared with the extremities, and Isuit played a major role in the protection of heat drain from these body parts.

Core Temperature and Sweating in Men and Women During a 15-km Race in Cool Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1132-1137
Author(s):  
Coen C.W.G. Bongers ◽  
Dominique S.M. ten Haaf ◽  
Nicholas Ravanelli ◽  
Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels ◽  
Maria T.E. Hopman
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
External Work ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cool Conditions

Purpose: Studies often assess the impact of sex on the relation between core body temperature (CBT), whole-body sweat rate (WBSR), and heat production during exercise in laboratory settings, but less is known in free-living conditions. Therefore, the authors compared the relation between CBT, WBSR, and heat production between sexes in a 15-km race under cool conditions. Methods: During 3 editions of the Seven Hills Run (Nijmegen, the Netherlands) with similar ambient conditions (8–12°C, 80–95% relative humidity), CBT and WBSR were measured among 375 participants (52% male) before and immediately after the 15-km race. Heat production was estimated using initial body mass and mean running speed, assuming negligible external work. Results: Men finished the race in 76 (12) minutes and women in 83 (13) minutes (P < .001, effect size [ES] = 0.55). Absolute heat production was higher in men than in women (1185 [163] W vs 867 [122] W, respectively, P < .001, ES = 1.47), even after normalizing to body mass (15.0 [2.2] W/kg vs 13.8 [1.9] W/kg, P < .001, ES = 0.56). Finish CBT did not differ between men and women (39.2°C [0.7°C] vs 39.2°C [0.7°C], P = .71, ES = 0.04). Men demonstrated a greater increase in CBT (1.5°C [0.8°C] vs 1.3°C [0.7°C], respectively, P = .013, ES = 0.31); the sex difference remains after correcting for heat production (P = .004). WBSR was larger in men (18.0 [6.9] g/min) than in women (11.4 [4.7] g/min; P < .001, ES = 0.97). A weak correlation between WBSR and heat production was found irrespective of sex (R2 = .395, P < .001). Conclusions: WBSR was associated with heat production, irrespective of sex, during a self-paced 15-km running race in cool environmental conditions. Men had a higher ΔCBT than women.

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