scholarly journals The historical differential diagnosis of the disease that afflicted Aleijadinho, the famous 18th century Brazilian sculptor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Puccioni SOHLER ◽  
Leonã Santana DE LIMA ◽  
Vinícius Zanotti ZATTA ◽  
Claude Jacques CHAMBRIARD ◽  
Marcos Raimundo Gomes DE FREITAS
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda ◽  
Thromboangiitis Obliterans ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cultural Organization

ABSTRACT Background: The famous Brazilian Baroque sculptor named Antônio Francisco Lisboa, known as “Aleijadinho” (1738–1814), suffered from a deforming disease of the lower and upper limbs. The condition was characterized by atrophy, paresis and amputation. His face was also affected, with inflammation of the eyelids, deviation of the labial commissure, drooping of the chin and lower lip, giving him a sinister expression. Despite the disabling and chronic illness, he produced several works of great expression in the 18th and 19th centuries. Some of them were declared World Heritage Sites by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Objective: To discuss the historical differential diagnosis of Aleijadinho’s disease through a narrative review of the literature. Methods: Scientific articles were searched in databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Lilacs using the term “Aleijadinho”. Subsequently, data were collected in articles and books about the possible diseases of the sculptor. Results: Since the first clinical report on the sculptor, several historians and doctors have attempted to establish a diagnosis and several hypotheses have been proposed such as: syphilis, yaws (frambesia tropica), rheumatoid arthritis, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease), zamparina, cardina, porphyria cutanea tarda, stroke, amyloidosis, trauma and/or scurvy. Conclusions: Based on the literature, the authors conclude that the most likely diagnosis of Aleijadinho’s disease is consistent with leprosy.

scholarly journals Dysgenetic Polycystic Disease of Minor Salivary Gland: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
N. Srikant ◽  
Shweta Yellapurkar ◽  
Karen Boaz ◽  
Mohan Baliga ◽  
Nidhi Manaktala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Polycystic Disease ◽  
Rare Case Report

Polycystic (dysgenetic) disease of the salivary glands is a rare entity that has only recently been described in the literature. The disease is more commonly seen in females and majority of the cases have presented as bilateral parotid gland swellings. This case presenting in a 21-year-old male is the first of this unusual entity involving solely the minor salivary gland on the lower lip. This case report highlights the importance for the clinician to be aware of this differential diagnosis, when treating an innocuous lesion like a mucocele.

Timber Structure in the Mission Churches of Chiquitos (Bolivia): Origins, Evolution and Restoration

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 1131-1136
Author(s):  
Vladimir Rodríguez Trujillo ◽  
Eckart Kühne
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Colonial Empire

A group of churches of the 18th century in the Lowlands of Bolivia and Paraguay are characterized by a very special timber skeleton frame structure. Most of these churches belong to the famous former Jesuit missions of Guaraní, Chiquitos and Mojos, in densely wooded regions ad the edge of the Spanish colonial empire. The best preserved and most important of these buildings are the six churches of Chiquitos in Eastern Bolivia, declared World Heritage sites by the UNESCO. In these villages and small towns, many traditions of colonial time have survived. The old churches are still the spiritual centers for the Chiquitanos, the Christian Native Americans of the region. The typical plan of these churches is a rectangular interior space with three naves, adobe walls, entrance hall, laterals corridors and a huge and long gable roof. The timber structures of these buildings are very simple, with free standing carved wooden columns that are anchored in the ground, using a pre-Columbian indigenous technique. It is combined with the European ways of constructing roof structures and timber joints and with baroque stylistic influences from Spain and central Europe. Since nearly 40 years, these churches have been the object of a long-lasting restoration project that saved them all, using very different restoration methods and standards.

scholarly journals Towards an Integrative Understanding of ‘Authenticity’ of Cultural Heritage: An Analysis of World Heritage Site Designations in the Asian Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Williams Lawless ◽  
Kapila D. Silva
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
Asian Context

In the World Heritage Sites (WHS) designation, it is required to define the conditions that ‘authenticate’ the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of heritage sites. Initially, the notion of authenticity had been understood as an objective and measurable attribute inherent in the material fabric of sites. This perspective overlooked the fact that authenticity of a place is also culturally constructed, contextually variable and observer dependent. In 1994, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) introduced a set of attributes that facilitate a holistic understanding of authenticity of heritage sites which considers both tangible and intangible aspects of heritage together. To find out the extent to which this holistic understanding of authenticity is currently applied in the WHS designations, we analyzed nomination dossiers of 31 sites from the Asian context that were designated as World Heritage between 2005 and 2014. The findings point towards the continuing need to apply systematic, holistic and integrative perspectives of authenticity standards to heritage sites.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of a World Heritage Site in Terms of Conservation and Tourism Promotion: The Case of “Ibiza, Biodiversity and Culture” (Ibiza, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13250
Author(s):  
José Ramón-Cardona ◽  
David Daniel Peña-Miranda ◽  
María Dolores Sánchez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Tourism Promotion ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
High Season

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites (WHS) have great prestige. Each year, candidatures are presented by advocates seeking to raise awareness of the importance of certain cultural and natural sites, to achieve better protection and to make them known, which can promote tourism to benefit the surrounding regions. One of these cases is Ibiza, which, after a first rejection in 1986, obtained the inscription of “Ibiza, Biodiversity and Culture” in 1999. This WHS is made up of various cultural and natural elements of the island, although the best known is the fortified Upper Town of Ibiza (Dalt Vila). Since then, important restoration and musealization actions have been carried out in the old town, and some tourism promotion events have been held, but there have been failures in its conversion into a tourist product: Both residents and tourists see this as complementary to the traditional offer (sun and beach tourism); confusion has been generated in communication, focusing on the old town and forgetting the other elements; tourist visits to the registered elements have not taken off and are concentrated in the summer months (the traditional high season); some decisions have been politicized, among other problems. Finally, different lines of tourism development are proposed.

scholarly journals Segmentation of Tourists That Participate in a Cultural Event: The Fiesta of the Patios in Córdoba (Spain)

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402199481
Author(s):  
Jaime Daniel Roldán Nogueras ◽  
Gema Gomez-Casero ◽  
Jesús Claudio Pérez Gálvez ◽  
Francisco González Santa Cruz
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
United Nations Educational ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
The City

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes various historical sites as world heritage sites (WHSs). A historical heritage represents the cultural tradition of people, to whom it grants the essence of their diversity. In 2003, UNESCO expanded the area of cultural protection to include other heritage assets known as “intangible cultural heritage” (ICH). The Fiesta of the Patios celebrated in the city of Córdoba (Spain) was recognized as an ICH by UNESCO in 2012. The problem this research analyzes is studying and understanding whether the tourists who participate in an event registered as an ICH have the same motivations as the tourists who visit a specific WHS have. This research is thus to find out the segmentation of tourists who wish to discover ICHs using two models: Poria et al. and McKercher. On the basis of this segmentation, four groups of tourists of WHS were identified: alternative, cultural, emotional, and heritage. In addition, in this research, three motivational dimensions were detected when visitors decide to attend the Fiesta of the Patios: hedonic, cultural, and convenience.

scholarly journals Hepatic Adenomatosis in Aicardi Syndrome: a Clinical Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Boninsegna ◽  
Emilio Simonini ◽  
Stefano Crosara ◽  
Antonia Semeraro ◽  
Stefano Colopi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Report ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Aicardi Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Adenomatosis

scholarly journals Bladder perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm: The importance of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of an unusual neoplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110008
Author(s):  
Solange De Noon ◽  
Benjamin Ayres ◽  
Uday Patel ◽  
Rami Issa ◽  
Colan Maxwell Ho-Yen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Cell Neoplasm ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms represent a group of uncommon mesenchymal tumours with as yet undiscovered benign counterpart. Although perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms have been described arising in most organ systems as well as in soft tissue and bone, only a small number of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms have been reported in the bladder. To date, there is no agreed system for predicting the behaviour of these tumours. We describe a case of a perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm of the bladder arising in a 57-year-old male and initially diagnosed on biopsy and present a review of the literature focussing on the pathological differential diagnosis and the importance of key histological features in conjunction with a broad immunohistochemical panel. This case report highlights the key features of bladder perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms that distinguishes these rare neoplasms from other bladder lesions.

scholarly journals Clinical report of a neonate carrying a large deletion in the 10p15.3p13 region and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao-Yan Shao ◽  
Pei-Lin Wu ◽  
Bi-Yun Lin ◽  
Sen-Jing Chen ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digeorge Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Terminal Deletion ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Contiguous Gene ◽  
Renal Abnormalities

Abstract Background Terminal deletion of chromosome 10p is a rare chromosomal abnormality. We report a neonatal case with a large deletion of 10p15.3p13 diagnosed early because of severe clinical manifestations. Case presentation Our patient presented with specific facial features, hypoparathyroidism, sen sorineural deafness, renal abnormalities, and developmental retardation, and carried a 12.6 Mb deletion in the 10p15.3 p13 region. The terminal 10p deletion involved in our patient is the second largest reported terminal deletion reported to date, and includes the ZMYND11 and GATA3 genes and a partial critical region of the DiGeorge syndrome 2 gene (DGS2). Conclusion On the basis of a literature review, this terminal 10p deletion in the present case is responsible for a specific contiguous gene syndrome. This rare case may help the understanding of the genotype–phenotype spectrum of terminal deletion of chromosome 10p.

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