scholarly journals Risk factors for constant glycemic variability in pregnant women: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grasiela Martins Barros ◽  
Lyvia da Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Priscilla Alfradique de Souza ◽  
Beatriz Paiva e Silva de Souza ◽  
Helen Campos Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors associated with pregnancy that influence constant glycemic variability. Method: a case-control study with random sampling. The medical records of 417 pregnant women were divided into case group (200 pregnant women with constant glycemic variability) and control group (217 pregnant women without constant glycemic variability). Data were collected from 2009 to 2015. Results: pregnant women aged 25 years and over, with family history of diabetes mellitus, with systemic arterial hypertension, overweightness or obesity, sedentarism and polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to present changes in blood glucose. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that risk factors associated with pregnancy increase the risk of constant glycemic variability. The findings will allow reassessment of the interventions during pregnancy, providing an increase in nursing care quality.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

scholarly journals Maternal Mortality and Contributing Risk Factors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abi Bazar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Care Quality ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: Maternal mortality is one indicator to assess a nation’s health care quality. This research was conducted to determine the determinant risk factors for maternal mortality. Methods: A retrospective case control study at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital for 5 years, with 200 samples consists of 50 cases of maternal mortality and 150 physiological labor cases as control group. Results: For 5 years, there was 109 cases of maternal mortaliy. Of the 50 samples of maternal mortality cases, the most common cause were preeclampsia/eclampsia (50%), followed by hemorrhage (28%). The risk factors were categorized as distant, intermediate, and outcome factors, as stated by McCarthy et al. On bivariate analysis, we found the significance on maternal education and husband’s occupation (distant factors), residence, referral status, numbers of ANC visits, first attendant, labor facility and history of prior medical history (intermediate factors), and also modes of delivery and complications (outcome factors). On the multivariate analysis to determine the most contributing risks factors for maternal mortality, it was found that maternal education and residence were the most influencing factors for maternal mortality (OR 5.74 and 4.65 respectively; p=0.001). Conclusions: The most contributing risks factors for maternal mortality were maternal education and residence. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-1:8-13] Keywords: case control study, maternal mortality, risk factors.

scholarly journals Predictive indicators of severe COVID-19 independent of comorbidities and advanced age: a nested case−control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjie Li ◽  
Tuohutaerbieke Marmar ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Jing Tu ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract To determine what exacerbate severity of the COVID-19 among patients without comorbidities and advanced age and investigate potential clinical indicators for early surveillance, we adopted a nested case−control study, design in which severe cases (case group, n = 67) and moderate cases (control group, n = 67) of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 without comorbidities, with ages ranging from 18 to 50 years who admitted to Wuhan Tongji Hospital were matched based on age, sex and BMI. Demographic and clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with severe symptoms were analysed. Percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2), lymphocyte counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-10 were found closely associated with severe COVID-19. The adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the independent risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 were CRP (OR 2.037, 95% CI 1.078–3.847, P = 0.028), SpO2 (OR 1.639, 95% CI 0.943–2.850, P = 0.080) and lymphocyte (OR 1.530, 95% CI 0.850–2.723, P = 0.148), whereas the changes exhibited by indicators influenced incidence of disease severity. Males exhibited higher levels of indicators associated with inflammation, myocardial injury and kidney injury than the females. This study reveals that increased CRP levels and decreased SpO2 and lymphocyte counts could serve as potential indicators of severe COVID-19, independent of comorbidities, advanced age and sex. Males could at higher risk of developing severe symptoms of COVID-19 than females.

scholarly journals A case–control study on risk factors associated with death in pregnant women with severe pandemic H1N1 infection

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e000827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furong Li ◽  
Guoping Chen ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Jiabing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals A national Swedish case-control study investigating incidence and factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Cephalalgia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 033310242110241
Author(s):  
Anna Sundholm ◽  
Sarah Burkill ◽  
Elisabet Waldenlind ◽  
Shahram Bahmanyar ◽  
A Ingela M Nilsson Remahl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Objective To study the incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden and to explore whether previously proposed risk factors are associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension by investigating the odds of exposure one year prior to diagnosis in patients compared to controls. Methods Using Swedish health care registers and validated diagnostic algorithms, idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients diagnosed between 2000–2016 were compared with randomly selected matched controls, five from the general population and five with obesity. Results We identified 902 idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients and 4510 matched individuals in each control group. Mean incidence among inhabitants ≥18 years of age was 0.71 per 100,000; rising from 0.53 in 2000–2005 to 0.95 in 2012–2016. There were increased odds for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients compared to general population for exposure to: kidney failure (odds ratio =13.2 (4.1–42.0)), arterial hypertension (odds ratio =17.5 (10.5–29.3)), systemic lupus erythematosus (odds ratio =13.8 (4.3–44.7)), tetracyclines, sulphonamides, lithium, and corticosteroids. In obese controls, odds ratios were also significantly increased for these exposures. Hormonal contraceptive use and exposure to pregnancy did not appear to be associated factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension development. Conclusions The incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden is lower relative to reports from other countries but is on the rise. This case-control study confirms several previously reported risk factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Postpartum Hemorrhage in a Thai–Myanmar Border Community Hospital: A Nested Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4633
Author(s):  
Waraporn Thepampan ◽  
Nuchsara Eungapithum ◽  
Krittai Tanasombatkul ◽  
Phichayut Phinyo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Border Community ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a common complication of pregnancy and a global public health concern. Even though PPH risk factors were extensively studied and reported in literature, almost all studies were conducted in non-Asian countries or tertiary care centers. Our study aimed to explore relevant risk factors for PPH among pregnant women who underwent transvaginal delivery at a Thai–Myanmar border community hospital in Northern Thailand. An exploratory nested case-control study was conducted to explore risk factors for PPH. Women who delivered transvaginal births at Maesai hospital from 2014 to 2018 were included. Two PPH definitions were used, which were ≥ 500 mL and 1000 mL of estimated blood loss within 24 h after delivery. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors for PPH and severe PPH. Of 4774 women with vaginal births, there were 265 (5.55%) PPH cases. Eight factors were identified as independent predictors for PPH and severe PPH: elderly pregnancy, minority groups, nulliparous, previous PPH history, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, requiring manual removal of placenta, labor augmentation, and fetal weight > 4000 gm. Apart from clinical factors, particular attention should be given to pregnant women who were minority groups as PPH risk significantly increased in this population.

scholarly journals Effects of sagging breasts and other risk factors associated with mastalgia: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Çomçalı ◽  
Servet Kocaoz ◽  
Buket Altun Özdemir ◽  
Ömer Parlak ◽  
Birol Korukluoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare patients with and without mastalgia and to analyze the factors affecting mastalgia and its severity. The patient’s age, height, weight, educational status, marital status, and occupation were recorded in all subjects. In addition, the women were asked about the presence of any risk factors for mastalgia, such as tea and coffee consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain. The sternal notch to nipple distance (SNND) was measured to determine whether there was breast sagging. Mastalgia was significantly more common in women with BMIs of > 30 kg/m2 (OR: 2.94, CI 1.65–5.24), those who were primary school graduates or illiterate (OR: 2.96, CI 1.6–5.46), and those with SNND values of 22–25 cm (OR: 2.94, CI 1.79–4.82). In these women, drinking more than 6 cups of tea a day (OR: 2.15, CI 1.32–3.5), smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day (OR: 2.94, CI 1.78–4.83), and drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR: 2.1, CI 1.12–3.91) were found to be important factors that increased the risk of mastalgia. As a result, it has been found that severe mastalgia complaints cause by obesity, sagging breasts, never giving birth, unemployment anxiety, regular smoking, alcohol use, and excessive tea consumption.

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