Fetal, neonatal, and post-neonatal mortality in the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort and associated factors

This study aimed to describe fetal, neonatal, and post-neonatal mortality and associated factors in participants of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort. The child mortality sub-study followed up all deaths in the first year of life. Data were collected on intrauterine fetal deaths (weight ≥ 500g and/or gestational age ≥ 20 weeks), neonatal deaths (< 28 days of life), and post-neonatal deaths (from 28 days to the end of the first year of life). Descriptive analyses using the Pearson chi-square test and a multinomial logistic regression to estimate the risk of fetal, neonatal, and post-neonatal deaths compared to live infants in the cohort (reference group) were performed. Data from 4,329 eligible births were collected, of which 54 died during the fetal period. Of the 4,275 eligible live births, 59 died in the first year of life. An association between fetal, neonatal, and post-neonatal deaths (OR = 15.60, 7.63, and 5.51 respectively) was found, as well as less than six prenatal consultations. Compared to live infants, fetal deaths were more likely to occur in non-white mothers, and neonatal deaths were 14.09 times more likely to occur in a preterm gestational age (< 37 weeks). Compared to live infants, infants that were born in a C-section delivery had 3.71 increased odds of post-neonatal death. Additionally, neonatal deaths were 102.37 times more likely to have a low Apgar score on the fifth minute after birth. These findings show the need for early interventions during pregnancy, ensuring access to adequate prenatal care.

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Desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida de crianças prematuras conforme o peso de nascimento

Scientia Medica ◽

10.15448/1980-6108.2017.3.27079 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 27079

Author(s):

Raquel Saccani ◽

Amanda Gomes Martins ◽

Priscila De Oliveira Pinto

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Motor Development ◽

Strong Association ◽

First Year ◽

Weight Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Birth Weight Group ◽

First Year Of Life

***Motor development in the first year of life of premature infants according to birth weight***AIMS: To assess motor development in the first year of life of children born at 36 weeks' gestational age, comparing two groups, one with birth weight below 2500g and the other with 2500g or more.METHODS: A cross-sectional study evaluated the motor development of children enrolled in the Basic Health Units of Caxias do Sul and Porto Alegre, by the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. The sample consisted of infants born at 36 weeks' gestation, evaluated with a corrected chronological age of 0 to 12 months, divided into two groups: Low Birth Weight group (LBW group: birth weight below 2,500 g) and Adequate Birth Weight group (ABW group: birth weight of 2,500 g or more). The independent t-test, the chi-square test of Pearson and the Eta2 test (strong association> 0.60) were used to analyze the data. P <0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: We evaluated 42 children, 21 in each group. Fifteen (71.42%) children with low birth weight were classified as small for gestational age. The mean motor development score percentile was 17.90±17.74 for the LBW group and 34.57±25.80 for the ABW group, indicating a better motor development of the second group (p=0.02) . There was a greater number of children with developmental delay in the LBW group (52.4%), whereas in the ABW group most were within the normal range (47.6%). The association was statistically significant between performance categories and birth weight groups, using the chi-square test (p=0.001), with Eta2=0.64 (strong association).CONCLUSIONS: In preterm infants with matched gestational age at 36 weeks, the low birth weight group had worse motor performance in the first year of life compared to the group with adequate birth weight.

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Vaccine coverage within the first year of life and associated factors with incomplete immunization in a Brazilian birth cohort

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00403-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Romina Buffarini ◽

Fernando C. Barros ◽

Mariângela F. Silveira

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

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Teething Symptoms in the First Year of Life and Associated Factors: A Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.34.3.h318882h52616225 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Feldens ◽

Italo Medeiros Faraco Junior ◽

Andréia Bertani Ottoni ◽

Eliane Gerson Feldens ◽

Márcia Regina Vítolo

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

First Year ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Self Medication ◽

Nuclear Families ◽

Dental Examination ◽

Pediatric Dentists ◽

One Year ◽

First Year Of Life

Objective: To investigate the occurrence and management of teething symptoms during the first year of life and associated factors. Study design: 500 children were recruited at birth. Research assessments including structured interviews, anthropometric measurements and dental examination were carried out after birth, at 6 months and at one-year of age. The primary outcome of this study was defined as the occurrence of one or more teething symptoms within the first year of life, as reported by the mother. Results: Teething symptoms were reported in 73% of the children analyzed (273/375). The symptoms most frequently reported were irritability (40.5%), fever (38.9%), diarrhoea (36.0%) and itching (33.6%). Dentists had little influence on the management of symptoms and self-medication to relieve them was a common practice. The risk of reporting teething symptoms was higher for children from nuclear families (p=0.040) and for children from families with higher income (p=0.040). Conclusions: Teething symptoms were highly reported in this population. Pediatric dentists should be accessible and provide adequate orientation when symptoms can be managed at home or immediate referral to health services when more serious diseases are suspected.

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Increased Risk of Malaria During the First Year of Life in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants: A Longitudinal Study in Benin

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiy699 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 219 (10) ◽

pp. 1642-1651 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gino Agbota ◽

Manfred Accrombessi ◽

Gilles Cottrell ◽

Yves Martin-Prével ◽

Jacqueline Milet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

First Year ◽

Increased Risk ◽

First Year Of Life

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemiology in a Birth Cohort from Kilifi District, Kenya: Infection during the First Year of Life

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/425040 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 190 (10) ◽

pp. 1828-1832 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

D. James Nokes ◽

Emelda A. Okiro ◽

Mwanajuma Ngama ◽

Lisa J. White ◽

Rachel Ochola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

First Year ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

First Year Of Life

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Proportionality Changes in the First Year of Life; the Influence of Weight for Gestational Age at Birth

Acta Paediatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1651-2227.1986.tb10295.x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 811-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. OUNSTED ◽

V. A. MOAR

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

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Breastfeeding, maternal asthma and wheezing in the first year of life: a longitudinal birth cohort study

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.02019-2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 1602019 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Meghan B. Azad ◽

Lorena Vehling ◽

Zihang Lu ◽

David Dai ◽

Padmaja Subbarao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

P Value ◽

First Year ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Complementary Foods ◽

Adjusted Rate ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

The Impact

The impact of breastfeeding on respiratory health is uncertain, particularly when the mother has asthma. We examined the association of breastfeeding and wheezing in the first year of life.We studied 2773 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Caregivers reported on infant feeding and wheezing episodes at 3, 6 and 12 months. Breastfeeding was classified as exclusive, partial (supplemented with formula or complementary foods) or none.Overall, 21% of mothers had asthma, 46% breastfed for at least 12 months and 21% of infants experienced wheezing. Among mothers with asthma, breastfeeding was inversely associated with infant wheezing, independent of maternal smoking, education and other risk factors (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 0.52; 95% CI 0.35–0.77 for ≥12 versus <6 months breastfeeding). Compared with no breastfeeding at 6 months, wheezing was reduced by 62% with exclusive breastfeeding (aRR 0.38; 95% CI 0.20–0.71) and by 37% with partial breastfeeding supplemented with complementary foods (aRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.43–0.93); however, breastfeeding was not significantly protective when supplemented with formula (aRR 0.89; 95% CI 0.61–1.30). Associations were not significant in the absence of maternal asthma (p-value for interaction <0.01).Breastfeeding appears to confer protection against wheezing in a dose-dependent manner among infants born to mothers with asthma.

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Impact of intrapartum antibiotics on the infant gastrointestinal microbiome: a narrative review

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2021-322590 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. archdischild-2021-322590

Author(s):

Laura Diamond ◽

Rachel Wine ◽

Shaun K Morris

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Beta Diversity ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

First Year ◽

Feeding Method ◽

Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

The Impact

BackgroundThe composition of the infant gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome has been linked to adverse long-term health outcomes and neonatal sepsis. Several factors are known to impact the composition of the microbiome, including mode of delivery, gestational age, feeding method and exposure to antibiotics. The impact of intrapartum antibiotics (IPAs) on the infant microbiome requires further research.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the impact of IPAs on the infant GI microbiome.MethodsWe searched Ovid MEDLINE and Embase Classic+Embase for articles in English reporting on the microbiome of infants exposed to IPAs from the date of inception to 3 January 2021. Primary outcomes included abundance and colonisation of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, as well as alpha and beta diversity.Results30 papers were included in this review. In the first year of life, following exposure to IPAs, 30% (6/20) of infant cohorts displayed significantly reduced Bifidobacterium, 89% (17/19) did not display any significant differences in Lactobacillus colonisation, 21% (7/34) displayed significantly reduced alpha diversity and 35% (12/34) displayed alterations in beta diversity. Results were further stratified by delivery, gestational age (preterm or full term) and feeding method.ConclusionsIPAs impact the composition of the infant GI microbiome, resulting in possible reductions Bifidobacterium and alpha diversity, and possible alterations in beta diversity. Our findings may have implications for maternal and neonatal health, including interventions to prevent reductions in health-promoting bacteria (eg, probiotics) and IPA class selection.

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Double diapering facilitates hip maturation in newborns: a prospective randomised control study

10.21203/rs.2.23393/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wei C. Lee ◽

Hsuan K. Kao ◽

Mei C. Chen ◽

Wen E Yang ◽

Shih M. Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Birth Rate ◽

Hip Dysplasia ◽

Alpha Angle ◽

First Year ◽

Type I ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Maintaining the hips in flexion and abduction posture is a common recommendation to facilitate hip maturation in infants. Double diapering helps to maintain a baby’s hips in flexion and abduction posture, but the efficacy of double diapers in hip development has never been verified. We investigated whether double diapering results in greater improvement of the alpha angle in the first months of life. Methods This prospective randomised control study enrolled newborns with Graf type IIa hips. Babies were assigned to the double-diaper or single-diaper group. Parents were instructed on proper hip positioning, except for diapering. Change in the alpha angle from newborn to 1 month after birth, rate of improvement to bilateral Graf type I hips in 1 month, and number of ultrasound examinations and orthopaedic clinic visits in the first year were compared between the two groups. For babies with bilateral IIa hips, we used the averaged data from both hips, and for babies with unilateral IIa hips, we used the data from the IIa hips. Results Seventy newborns with 102 type IIa hips were included from January to December 2017. They were allocated to the double-diaper group (N=33) and single-diaper group (N=37). With a comparable sex ratio, gestational age, and newborn alpha angle, the double-diaper group had a greater increase of alpha angles in 1 month than the single-diaper group (+7.9° vs. +5.2°, t-test, p=0.011). Twenty-eight babies in the double-diaper group (84.8%) and 20 babies in the single-diaper group (54.1%) improved to having bilateral Graf type I hips (chi-square test, p=0.006). Subsequent clinical visits and hip ultrasounds before 1 year were significantly reduced in the double-diaper group. Conclusions Our results support double diapering for enhancing hip maturation in babies with Graf type IIa hips. The amount of improvement may not indicate double diapering as a treatment for hip dysplasia, but its effects in immature hips are noteworthy in reducing further clinical and ultrasound follow-ups.

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