Molar-incisor hypomineralization and dental caries: A hierarchical approach in a populational-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Laura Izabel Lampert Bonzanini ◽  
Andressa da Silva Arduim ◽  
Tathiane Larissa Lenzi ◽  
Fernando Neves Hugo ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Abstract The last couple of decades has seen an increasing interest in molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) studies. Hypomineralized defects can have several consequences such as hypersensitivity, increased dental plaque accumulation, and consequently higher caries risk. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MIH and its association with dental caries in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil. A random cluster sample of schoolchildren was selected. Clinical examinations were carried out to collect information on MIH (following the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria), dental caries (using the DMF-T index) and gingivitis. Socioeconomic, demographic and behavior variables were collected using a standardized questionnaire answered by the children’s parents/caregivers. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance through a hierarchical approach (p<0.05). A total of 513 schoolchildren were included in the study. MIH and caries prevalence was 19.7% and 31.6%, respectively. The mean age was 11.6 (+1.9) years. Dental caries was more prevalent in children with MIH (PR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05 - 1.85). Older children and children whose families were enrolled in conditional cash transference programs (PR 1.97 95% CI 1.47 - 2.64), and children who did not have their mother or father as the head of the family (PR 1.56 95% CI 1.06 - 2.30) presented a higher prevalence of dental caries. Our findings suggest that children with MIH are more likely to have dental caries.

Traumatismo dento-alveolar em escolares de uma ONG em Salvador-Bahia: uma abordagem epidemiológica

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Tatiana Frederico de Almeida ◽  
Carolina Silva Cervino Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Oral Health Problem ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dentoalveolar Trauma

Introdução: O traumatismo dento-alveolar em vários locais do mundo tem alta prevalência na dentição decídua e permanente de crianças e jovens, com cerca de um terço destes sendo afetados. Objetivo: descrever a prevalência e gravidade de traumatismo dento-alveolar em crianças e jovens de 03 a 18 anos, assim como fatores associados. Metodologia: Foi realizado estudo transversal no Centro de Integração Familiar em Salvador, Bahia, que atende cerca de 400 crianças e jovens. Foram registradas informações sociodemográficas e história do trauma. O estudo foi realizado com uma amostra de 357 escolares. Resultados: A amostra tinha idade média de 8,3 anos. A prevalência do traumatismo foi de 15,69%, sendo a fratura de esmalte o agravo mais frequentemente encontrado, e sua etiologia principal a queda. Conclusão: O trauma acometeu o sexo feminino, as crianças mais velhas, de cor branca/outras, com overjet acentuado e com mais de dois irmãos. É necessária maior divulgação de informações de prevenção deste problema de saúde bucal.AbstractIntroduction: Dento-alveolar trauma in many places around the world has a high prevalence in deciduous and permanent dentition of children and young people, with about one third of them being affected. Objective: To describe the prevalence and severity of dentoalveolar trauma in children and young people from 03 to 18 years old, as well as associated factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Family Integration Center in Salvador, Bahia, which serves about 400 children and young people. Sociodemographic information and history of trauma were recorded. The study was conducted with a sample of 357 students. Results: The sample had a mean age of 8.3 years. The prevalence of trauma was 15.69%, with the enamel fracture being the most frequently encountered injury, and its main etiology being the fall. Conclusion: The trauma affected females, older children, white/others people, with severe overjet and with more than two siblings. More information on prevention of this oral health problem is needed.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding molar incisor hypomineralization among general dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4225
Author(s):  
Naji Hubaykan Alshammari ◽  
Amjad Ali Almugren ◽  
Jose Nazareno J. Lopez ◽  
Samaher Mohammad Almarshedy
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Enamel Defect ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Permanent Molars

Background: Molar Incisor hypomineralizationis an enamel defect caused by a systemic disturbance that could have occurred during child development. It affects one or more permanent molars with or without incisors involvement. Many factors could contribute in presence of MIH, for instance, chronic illnesses during pregnancy or during the first three of childhood. However, the actual etiological factor has not been determined yet. The study aim is to evaluate the knowledge and the perception on MIH among GDPs in KSA.Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study, web-based survey conducted on 500 participants. An online questionnaire was distributed to all GDPs working in KSA. The data analysis done using SPSS version 23 (IBM Crop USA).Results: We found that the majority of GDPs perceptions were found that 64.7% had the thought that MIH is a public problem next to dental caries. When we assessed the perceptions about diagnosis MIH, it was found that 35.7% not confident and 58.3% showed some confidence in diagnosing the same. The dentists’ confidence about treating MIH showed that 49.5% were confident.Conclusions: We found that the majority of GDPs have a good knowledge. The perception was found that 64.7% had the thought that MIH is a public problem next to dental caries. When we assessed the perceptions about diagnosis MIH, it was found that 58.3% showed some confidence in diagnosing the same. The dentists’ confidence about treating MIH showed that 49.5% were confident.

Function of the Family Unit, Oral Hygiene Rules and Attitudes to Dental Health in Children During First-Wave 2020 COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sigalit Blumer ◽  
Nurit Dagon ◽  
Benjamin Peretz ◽  
Tal Ratson ◽  
Johnny Kharouba
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Stress Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: To examine whether general and dental health and habits of families were affected by the first-wave lockdown due to COVID-19, and whether these habits were related to family functioning, resilience and stress. Study design: A cross-sectional study using an online survey disseminated among families with kindergarten and primary school-aged children during the lockdown of March and April 2020. Results: A total of 361 respondents completed the survey. Most respondents adapted well to the changes imposed by lockdown and reported that they and their children had low anxiety levels and high mental resilience. Family functioning and behavior were positively correlated with nutrition habits and hygiene. General hygiene was positively correlated with oral hygiene. Respondents who reported requiring dental care had difficulties gaining access to it. Most respondents perceived that it is important to improve patients’ digital access to pediatricians and dentists during crises. Conclusion: The study showed that better family functioning was associated with better family hygiene and nutrition, parental resilience and lower mental stress among children.

scholarly journals DIAGNÓSTICO DA CÁRIE DENTÁRIA NA INFÂNCIA: RELAÇÃO ENTRE OS ACHADOS CLÍNICOS E A PERCEPÇÃO DOS PAIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Rayanne Vieira Grangeiro ◽  
Beatriz Alves Gurguel França ◽  
Clarissa Lopes Drumond ◽  
Neusa Barros Dantas Neta ◽  
Thiago Fonseca-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
School Of Dentistry

BACKGROUND: dental caries is a multifactorial disease that is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of parents/guardians about the presence of dental caries in their children and additionally evaluate the association between the perception with caries diagnosis obtained by clinical examination. METHODS: a cross-sectional study, pilot type, was conducted with a sample of 38 children aged between 3 and 12 years attended in the School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, in the southern state of Ceara, Brazil. Through the questionnaire were collected informations about the perceptions of parents/guardians for presence of caries in children as well as sociodemographic characteristics of the family. The diagnosis of caries was evaluated through clinical examination performed by two examiners previously trained and calibrated in ICDAS-II and PUFA contents. The analyses of frequency distribution were performed.In addition, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: the prevalence of dental caries was 78.9%. There was a statistically significant association between the presence of caries assessed by ICDAS-II index and low perception of dental caries reported by parents / guardians (p=0.025). However, there was strong correlation between “number of teeth in children cavitation” and “number of teeth with caries reported by parents” (r=0.605). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dental caries was high and parents/persons responsible tended to not recognize initial stages of the disease. However, early recognition increased when the the child had a greater number of dental caries.

scholarly journals Childhood malnutrition and hypo mineralized molar defects: a cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim ◽  
Rania Abdallah Nasr ◽  
Ahmed Adel Salama ◽  
Aya Ahmed Amin
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Department Faculty

Background:  Malnutrition is well-known to yield high morbidities and mortalities and considering its consequence on the oral cavity, malnutrition is shown to have pre-eruptive and post-eruptive outcomes. The objective was to assess the prevalence of hypo-mineralized second primary molar (HSPM), molar–incisor hypo-mineralization (MIH) and dental caries in malnourished children as well as addressing the relation between types of malnutrition of the children and their dental morbidities represented in HSPM, MIH and dental caries. Methods: This is a cross sectional analytical study. Malnourished children aged 5-10 years and presented to the Outpatient Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University were examined for HSPM. MIH using European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria and dental Caries using def/ DMF indices. Results:  A consecutive sample (a long six months) of 54 malnourished children were enrolled in the study. Dental caries was a greater dental morbidity in the overweight and obese group. Besides, stunting was a greater risk in HSPM and MIH. There was an association between HSPM and MIH in a considerable percentage of the study group. Conclusions: Malnutrition is a risk factor for dental abnormalities. HSPM could expect the presence of MIH.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ pain and distress during peripheral intravenous cannulation in a paediatric emergency setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Cozzi ◽  
Marta Cognigni ◽  
Riccardo Busatto ◽  
Veronica Grigoletto ◽  
Manuela Giangreco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Emergency Department ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThe objective of the study is to investigate pain and distress experienced by a group of adolescents and children during peripheral intravenous cannulation in a paediatric emergency department. This cross-sectional study was performed between November 2019 and June 2020 at the paediatric emergency department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health of Trieste, Italy. Eligible subjects were patients between 4 and 17 years old undergoing intravenous cannulation, split into three groups based on their age: adolescents (13–17 years), older children (8–12 years), and younger children (4–7 years). Procedural distress and pain scores were recorded through validated scales. Data on the use of topical anaesthesia, distraction techniques, and physical or verbal comfort during procedures were also collected. We recruited 136 patients: 63 adolescents, 48 older children, and 25 younger children. There was no statistically significant difference in the median self-reported procedural pain found in adolescents (4; IQR = 2–6) versus older and younger children (5; IQR = 2–8 and 6; IQR = 2–8, respectively). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the rate of distress between adolescents (79.4%), older (89.6%), and younger (92.0%) children. Adolescents received significantly fewer pain relief techniques.Conclusion: This study shows that adolescents experience similar pain and pre-procedural distress as younger children during peripheral intravenous cannulation. What is Known:• Topical and local anaesthesia, physical and verbal comfort, and distraction are useful interventions for pain and anxiety management during intravenous cannulation in paediatric settings. • No data is available on pain and distress experienced by adolescents in the specific setting of the emergency department. What is New:• Adolescents experienced high levels of pre-procedural distress in most cases and similar levels of pain and distress when compared to younger patients• The number of pain relief techniques employed during procedures was inversely proportional to patient’s age, topical or local anaesthesia were rarely used

scholarly journals Assessment of Saudi Parents’ Beliefs and Behaviors towards Management of Child Fever in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5217
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Thermometer ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.

scholarly journals Free Sugars Intake among Chinese Adolescents and Its Association with Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Qiping Yang ◽  
Yue Xi ◽  
Hanmei Liu ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Yufeng Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Targeted Interventions

This study aims to estimate the free sugars intake, identify the primary food sources of free sugars, and explore the relationship between free sugars intake and dental caries among Chinese adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 1517 middle-school students aged 12–14 years in Changsha city, China. Adolescents completed a 12-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and oral health assessment. The students’ dental caries experience was available as DMFT score (number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth). Statistical analyses included the Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression model. The average intake of free sugars was 53.1 g/d in adolescents, and 43.2% of the students consumed more than 50 g of free sugars daily. The primary contributor to free sugars was sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Age, boarders, and high family income were risk factors for excessive free sugars intake (p < 0.05), and increased free sugars intake was a risk factor for dental caries (odds ratio, OR = 1.446, 95% confidence interval: 1.138–1.839). Both the free sugars intake and dental caries prevalence in Chinese adolescents were high. Targeted interventions are urgently needed to address the excessive consumption of free sugars and improve Chinese adolescents’ oral health.

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