Risk factors associated with drug therapy among elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Identification of frailty syndrome and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors among hospitalized elderly people is important, since this may contribute towards broadening of knowledge regarding this association within tertiary-level services. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors associated with frailty syndrome among hospitalized elderly people. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cross-sectional study in a public teaching hospital. METHODS: The participants were elderly patients admitted to clinical and surgical wards. The cardiovascular risk factors assessed were: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides. To identify frailty syndrome, the method proposed by Fried was used. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, chi-square test (P < 0.10) and multinomial logistic regression (P < 0.05). RESULTS: A total of 205 individuals were evaluated. It was found that 26.3% (n = 54) of the elderly people were frail, 51.7% (n = 106) were pre-frail and 22% (n = 45) were non-frail. The preliminary bivariate analysis (P < 0.10) for the regression model showed that frailty was associated with BMI (P = 0.016), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.028) and triglycerides (P = 0.093). However, in the final multivariate model, only overweight remained associated with the pre-frail condition (odds ratio, OR = 0.44; 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.20-0.98; P = 0.045). CONCLUSION: States of frailty were highly present in the hospital environment. The pre-frail condition was inversely associated with overweight.

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Relation of cerebral vessel disease to Alzheimer's disease dementia and cognitive function in elderly people: a cross-sectional study

The Lancet Neurology ◽

10.1016/s1474-4422(16)30029-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 934-943 ◽

Cited By ~ 182

Author(s):

Zoe Arvanitakis ◽

Ana W Capuano ◽

Sue E Leurgans ◽

David A Bennett ◽

Julie A Schneider

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Elderly People ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cerebral Vessel ◽

Vessel Disease ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia

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Risk Factors of Caregiver Burden Among Patients with Alzheimer's Disease or Related Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-142337 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 907-916 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Virginie Dauphinot ◽

Floriane Delphin-Combe ◽

Christelle Mouchoux ◽

Aline Dorey ◽

Anthony Bathsavanis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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A retrospective cross-sectional study for predicting 72-h mortality in patients with serum aspartate aminotransferase levels ≥ 3000 U/L

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79435-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kai Saito ◽

Hitoshi Sugawara ◽

Tamami Watanabe ◽

Akira Ishii ◽

Takahiko Fukuchi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Creatine Kinase ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Factors Associated ◽

C Statistic ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase

AbstractRisk factors associated with 72-h mortality in patients with extremely high serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (AST; ≥ 3000 U/L) are unknown. This single-centre, retrospective, case-controlled, cross-sectional study obtained data from medical records of adult patients treated at Saitama Medical Center, Japan, from 2005 to 2019. We conducted a multivariate logistic after adjusting for age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, Brinkman Index, vital signs, biochemical values, updated Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, CCI components, and underlying causes. A logistic regression model with selected validity risks and higher C-statistic for predicting 72-h mortality was established. During the 15-year period, 428 patients (133 non-survivors and 295 survivors [cases and controls by survival < 72 and ≥ 72 h, respectively]) with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L were identified. The 72-h mortality rate was 133/428 (31.1%). The model used for predicting 72-h mortality through the assessment of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus levels had a C-statistic value of 0.852 (sensitivity and specificity, 76.6%). The main independent risk factors associated with 72-h mortality among patients with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L included higher serum values of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.

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Perceived stress and depressive symptoms not neuropsychiatric symptoms predict caregiver burden in Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02136-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manee Pinyopornpanish ◽

Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish ◽

Atiwat Soontornpun ◽

Surat Tanprawate ◽

Angkana Nadsasarn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Caregiver burden affects the caregiver’s health and is related to the quality of care received by patients. This study aimed to determine the extent to which caregivers feel burdened when caring for patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and to investigate the predictors for caregiving burden. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred two caregivers of patients with AD at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, were recruited. Assessment tools included the perceived stress scale (stress), PHQ-9 (depressive symptoms), Zarit Burden Interview-12 (burden), Clinical Dementia Rating (disease severity), Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaires (neuropsychiatric symptoms), and Barthel Activities Daily Living Index (dependency). The mediation analysis model was used to determine any associations. Results A higher level of severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms (r = 0.37, p < 0.01), higher level of perceived stress (r = 0.57, p < 0.01), and higher level of depressive symptoms (r = 0.54, p < 0.01) were related to a higher level of caregiver burden. The direct effect of neuropsychiatric symptoms on caregiver burden was fully mediated by perceived stress and depressive symptoms (r = 0.13, p = 0.177), rendering an increase of 46% of variance in caregiver burden by this parallel mediation model. The significant indirect effect of neuropsychiatric symptoms by these two mediators was (r = 0.21, p = 0.001). Conclusion Caregiver burden is associated with patients’ neuropsychiatric symptoms indirectly through the caregiver’s depressive symptoms and perception of stress. Early detection and provision of appropriate interventions and skills to manage stress and depression could be useful in reducing and preventing caregiver burden.

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Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2020/5901569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oliver Okoth Achila ◽

Millen Ghebretinsae ◽

Abraham Kidane ◽

Michael Simon ◽

Shewit Makonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

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A cross-sectional study to collect risk factors associated with stillbirths in pig herds

Animal Reproduction Science ◽

10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.06.012 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 118 (1) ◽

pp. 62-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

C. Vanderhaeghe ◽

J. Dewulf ◽

S. Ribbens ◽

A. de Kruif ◽

D. Maes

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

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Frequency and Severity of Adverse Drug Reactions to Medications Prescribed for Alzheimer’s Disease in a Brazilian City: Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.538095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Tânia Regina Ferreira ◽

Luciane Cruz Lopes ◽

Cristiane de Càssia Bergamaschi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Health System ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Public Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: There is lack of national studies that assess the risks associated with the drugs provided under the Brazilian public health system for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Then, this study determined the prevalence and severity of self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) prescribed to patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the Brazilian public health system.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on public data from the MEDEX system (information on dispensing data, known as exceptional dispensing medications) and interviews with patients and/or caregivers who get access to Alzheimer’s drugs at a public pharmacy in a large Brazilian city, between July and September 2017, inquiring about ADRs and serious adverse events (SAEs).Results: The subjects were asked about ADRs and SAEs related to the use of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and memantine. Out of 285 patients enrolled on the database, 250 participated in the study (87.7%). Among the participants, approximately 63.0% were female, 70.3% aged ≥75 years and 70.3% had comorbidities. Overall, 209 patients (83.6%) reported at least one ADR (total 1,149 ADRs) and rivastigmine was associated with the largest number of ADRs per patient (7.9 ADRs/patient). The predominant adverse effects were psychiatric disorders with common frequency (57.1%) and mild severity (89.0%). Six patients (2.4%) had SAEs that required hospitalization. The use of antipsychotics was the variable associated with ADR (OR = 4.95; 95% CI: 1.45–16.93; p = 0.011).Conclusion: There was a large number of reported ADRs and most of them were of common frequency and mild severity, being mainly related to psychiatric disorders. Considering the fragility of these patients, it is important to improve safety-related care in the use of drugs for treating this disease.

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