scholarly journals Detection of Enterobacteriaceae, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence genes of Escherichia coli in canaries (Serinus canaria) in northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Antonio Jackson F. Beleza ◽  
William C. Maciel ◽  
Arianne S. Carreira ◽  
Windleyanne G.A. Bezerra ◽  
Cecilia C. Carmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to verify the presence of members from the Enterobacteriaceae family and determine antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the isolates in canaries bred in northeastern Brazil; in addition, the presence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) was also verified in these birds. Samples were collected during an exhibition organized by the Brazilian Ornithological Federation in July 2015 in Fortaleza, Brazil. A total of 88 fecal samples were collected and submitted to pre-enrichment step using buffered peptone water, followed by enrichment with the following broths: brain-heart infusion, Rappaport-Vassiliadis, and Selenite-Cystine. Subsequently, aliquots were streaked on MacConkey, brilliant green and salmonella-shigella agar plates. Colonies were selected according to morphological characteristics and submitted to biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests with disk-diffusion technique. E. coli strains were evaluated for the presence of eight DEC genes and five APEC genes through conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening. The most frequent species observed were Pantoea agglomerans (25%), Serratia liquefaciens (12.5%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (9.1%). A single rough strain of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was identified in one sample (1.1%). High resistance rates to amoxicillin (78.7%) and ampicillin (75.4%) were identified. Polymyxin B (9.8%), gentamycin (6.6%), and enrofloxacin (6.6%) were the most efficient antibiotics. The total number of multidrug-resistant strains (isolates resistant to more than three antimicrobial classes) was 23 (37.7%). Four E. coli strains were tested for the virulence genes, and two were positive for APEC virulence genes: one strain was positive for iutA and the other for hlyF. In conclusion, canaries in northeastern Brazil participating in exhibitions may present Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria in the intestinal microbiota with antimicrobial resistance. These results indicate that, although the E. coli strains recovered from canaries in this study have some virulence genes, they still do not fulfill all the requirements to be considered APEC.

scholarly journals Detection of virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolates from raw milk and artisanal cheese in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Parussolo ◽  
Ricardo Antônio Pilegi Sfaciotte ◽  
Karine Andrezza Dalmina ◽  
Fernanda Danielle Melo ◽  
Ubirajara Maciel Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
E Coli

The serrano artisanal cheese is a typical product from South region of Brazil, which is produced by skilled cheesemakers using raw milk. The contamination of this food by Escherichia coli has a great impact on public health, since it could threat the consumers’ health. The study evaluated the presence of virulence genes, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and bofilm-production ability of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from raw milk and artisanal cheese produced in Southern Brazil. A total of 117 isolates of E. coli were characterized by multiplex PCR to detect the following virulence genes: eae for enteropatogenic E. coli (EPEC), lt and st for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), stx for shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), stx and eae for enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), ipaH for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and aggR for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC). In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility profile to 22 antimicrobial agents was also performed by disk diffusion method, and we searched for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and/or carbapenemase- producing isolates. Isolates that were positive for ESBL and carbapenemase were further investigated for the presence of the genes: blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, for ESBL and blaOXA-48 for carbapenemase. Further, isolates had their ability to form biofilms investigated by the red Congo agar method. Virulence genes of E. coli were identified in 21.37% of the tested isolates, which were classified as EPEC (the most prevalent pathotype) and ETEC or EAEC. Ten (8.55%) of the total studied E. coli isolates revealed a multidrug-resistant profile, since they were resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes; whereas four isolates (3.42%) were classified as ESBL-producers and showed the presence of blaTEM gene. None of the isolates exhibited carbapenemase activity nor did they carry carbapenemase genes. From the total of E. coli isolates, 79 (67.52%) were considered potential biofilm producers. These results address a serious public health issue, since artisanal cheeses pose a risk to consumers’ health, since may be sources of dissemination of diarrheogenic E. coli, that can cause from subclinical to severe and fatal infections in children and adults, and also emphasize the need to improve adaptations/adjustments in the manufacturing processes of these products.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Escherichia coli in captive psittaciformes: antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Louise Calaça ◽  
Renato Clini Cervi ◽  
Silvânia Andrade Reis ◽  
Iolanda Aparecida Nunes ◽  
Valéria de Sá Jayme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Serum Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygienic Conditions

Abstract Captive Psittaciformes may harbor Gram-negative bacteria in their digestive tract, mainly due to poor hygienic conditions and confinement. The present study was carried out with the objective of isolating and identifying Escherichia coli in samples collected from Psittaciformes cages in 50 commercial establishments in the metropolitan region of Goiania, with subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing and detection of virulence genes. A total of 141 samples of excreta and swab samples from feeders and water bowls were collected, totaling 423 samples. Escherichia coli was isolated from 9.7% (41/423) samples: 12% (17/141) in excreta, 8.5% (12/141) in feed, and 8.5% (12 /141) in waterers. To determine the susceptibility profile of E. coli isolates, resistance to ciprofloxacin 4.9% (2/41), gentamicin 17.0% (7/41), doxycycline 34.1% (14/41), florfenicol 34.1% (14/41), trimethoprim 39.0% (16/41), tetracycline 41.5% (17/41), enrofloxacin 43.9% (18/41), amoxicillin 48.8% (20/41), neomycin 61.0% (25/41), and sulfonamide 90.2% (37/41) was determined. In 20 isolates, resistance was determined at 4 or more antimicrobials, seven of excreta (7/17), five of feed (5/12), and eight of waterers (8/12). One of the isolates from the waterers showed resistance to all antimicrobials. The iss gene was detected in three isolates, the tsh gene in three, the papC gene in two, traT and eae genes were not detected. In this study, it can be concluded that Psittaciformes commercialized as pet are carry E. coli isolates resistant to most commonly used antimicrobials, mainly sulfonamides and neomycin, besides having virulence and serum resistance genes, which highlights the possibility of the to cause disease in humans.

scholarly journals ENTERIC BACTERIA IN FECAL SAMPLES OF EURASIAN GRIFFON VULTURES

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Dubravka Milanov ◽  
Dragan Fabijan ◽  
Bojana Prunić ◽  
Maja Velhner ◽  
Tamaš Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli

Fecal samples originating from 15 Eurasian griffon vultures were collected during June 2012 in the territory of special nature reservation Uvac and examined for presence of enteric bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Salmonellas were isolated from five samples (33.3%) and serologically typed as Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Veneziana. E. coli was isolated from four samples (26.6%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to one and more antibiotics only in E. coli isolates.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION AND OCCURRENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM RECREATIONAL PARKS AROUND KOTA KINABALU, SABAH

2020 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rajeena Sugumaran ◽  
Pamela David Jocksing ◽  
Nur Athirah Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are contributors to infection cases among the Asian population. S. aureus is found in the mucous lining of noses and is mainly non-pathogenic while E. coli, mostly harmless bacteria, are found in the intestine. Pathogenic strains of both bacteria have adverse effects on the elderly and younger age group of the population. Samples were collected from recreational parks around Kota Kinabalu as they are hotspots frequently visited by families with both age groups. The bacterial samples were isolated and cultured on selective media such as Baird-Parker agar (BPA), Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar, MacConkey agar and Eosin-Methylene Blue (EMB) agar. Morphological characteristics of bacterial growth were observed, where S. aureus had black-shiny growth in BPAand E. coli had a metallic-green sheen in EMB agar. The suspected bacteria samples were then stained and viewed under a light microscope. S. aureus was identified as gram-positive, stained violet with a circular shape and clustered  appearance. E. coli was identified as gram-negative, stained red, rod-shaped with 2 – 3 bacterial alignment. Antibiotic resistance test resulted in S. aureus and E. coli samples did not display 100% resistance among 4 antibiotics tested (ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol). Most of the bacteria samples were a minimum inhibitory of 0.1 mg/mL of antibiotic concentration. These results provide a foundation for further research on identifying bacterial strains using molecular methods. The findings can then be used to disseminate information to the public to create awareness of potential disease outbreaks in the city.

scholarly journals Pathologic and microbiologic aspects of pet psittacine infected by Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Raul A.S. Siqueira ◽  
William C. Maciel ◽  
Ruben H. Vasconcelos ◽  
Windleyanne G.A. Bezerra ◽  
Elisângela S. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
State University ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT: The role of Escherichia coli in healthy microbiota of psittacine is controversial, and the presence of Salmonella sp. indicates possible disease. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the presence of E. coli and Salmonella spp. in a psittacine pet that died in Fortaleza, Brazil, correlating pathogenicity aspects of the isolates through the evaluation of lesions and antimicrobial susceptibility. Psittacine pets sent to the Laboratory of Ornithological Studies, State University of Ceará, that died in 2014 and 2015 were necropsied. Fragments of liver, kidneys, intestine, lung, heart, spleen and brain were collected for microbiological and histopathological analyses. Scores were attributed to lesions and isolated strains submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility test. From the seventy necropsied birds, nineteen were positive for E. coli and one for Salmonella Typhimurium. Congestive lesions and lymphoplasmocitic inflammatory infiltrate were observed varying from light to moderate and were the main findings. In the analyzed strains, multidrug resistance against different groups of antibiotics was observed. In conclusion, according to the results, E. coli strains and the Salmonella Typhimurium isolate produced significant lesions in the psittacine pets, and multidrug resistance may hinder treatments with antibiotics used in avian pet medicine.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO FILOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR E RESISTÊNCIA ANTIMICROBIANA DE Escherichia coli ISOLADAS DE CAPRINOS NEONATOS COM DIARREIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Domingos Fernandes Lugo Neto ◽  
Mauro de Mesquita Souza Saraiva ◽  
Ricardo Pereira Lima ◽  
Mercia Rodrigues Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli

Resumo A diarreia neonatal determina alterações significativas na conversão alimentar, resultando na queda da produtividade de caprinos. A resistência antimicrobiana em bactérias caracteriza-se como importante problema de saúde pública, assim, a Escherichia coli pode ser caracterizada como importante patógeno por expressar mecanismos de virulência responsáveis por significativas afecções clínicas em seres humanos e animais. O presente estudo avaliou a presença de E. coli em 117 amostras fecais de caprinos e analisou a resistência antimicrobiana dos isolados. Colônias sugestivas foram submetidas a testes bioquímicos, seguido de determinação do grupo genotípico e análise filogenética; posteriormente foram submetidas à prova de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos. Foram identificados isolados de E. coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella sonnei e Enterobacter aerogenes. Isolados de E. coli foram classificados filogeneticamente em B2 (9/39), D (19/39), B1 (7/39) e A (4/29). Os fatores de virulência identificados foram K99 (04/39) e Stx (02/39). À prova de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana, os isolados foram sensíveis a Cloranfenicol, Estreptomicina, Amoxicilina e Ciprofloxacina, sendo todos resistentes à Lincomicina, Vancomicina e Penicilina. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de estabelecimento de protocolos criteriosos para o uso de antimicrobianos, medida fundamental para o aprimoramento da sanidade dos rebanhos caprinos brasileiros.

Phylogenetic genotyping, virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates from cases of bovine mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Nashmil Aslam ◽  
Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan ◽  
Tahir Usman ◽  
Tariq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mastitic Milk

AbstractThe study described in this research communication used phylogenetic genotyping to identify virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility in Escherichia coli recovered from cases of bovine mastitis. From 385 mastitic milk samples, 30 (7.8%) isolates were confirmed as E. coli. Most isolates (80%) belonged to phylo-group A. These 30 E. coli isolates were also screened for 11 different virulence genes. The majority of isolates (63%) harbored no virulence gene. Only 11 (37%) isolates tested positive for two virulence genes, either the iron uptake gene iucD in 3 (10%) isolates or the serum resistance gene traT in 2 (7%) isolates or both traT and iucD in 6 (20%) isolates. The E. coli isolates showed highest susceptibility to gentamicin, meropenem, and pipracillin. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cefotaxime and streptomycin. This study suggests that mastitis causing E. coli might originate from commensal bacteria and that the presence of these virulence genes, common in extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains could be attributed to high genetic variability of mastitis-causing E. coli.

scholarly journals Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella spp. in lettuce

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e281974150
Author(s):  
Bruna Ribeiro Arrais ◽  
Marcos Roberto Alves Ferreira ◽  
Talícia Santos Silva ◽  
Jefferson Fernando Naves Pinto ◽  
Ariel Eurides Stella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Foodborne Illnesses ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
The City

Foodborne illnesses are relevant to public health, especially in contaminated foods that are eaten without prior cooking, such as lettuce. The objective was to evaluate the contamination by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), E. coli and Salmonella spp. in lettuce in commercial food-establishments in the city of Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. The variables were: type of crop, type of establishment and coliform count. The DNA of E. coli isolates were analyzed by PCR to the research of virulence genes. Isolates compatible with Salmonella in the biochemical tests were submitted for serology with Salmonella antisera. Thirty samples of lettuce were evaluated, eleven samples were positive for E. coli, (36.67%), and one sample (3.33%) tested positive for STEC hydroponic crop. The two STEC isolates were positive for the stx2 gene. Conventionally grown products were 2.4 times more likely to be contaminated with E. coli. The presence of Salmonella spp. was confirmed in 16.67% (5/30) of the samples. The presence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms in the analyzed samples indicates the need for special care to be taken in preparing fresh vegetables before they are consumed in natura, like avoid excessive handling, and washing with sanitizers.

scholarly journals Virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli taken from women with vaginitis in Talca, Chile

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Padilla ◽  
Andrés Padilla ◽  
Olga Lobos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Aetiological Agent ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Susceptibility

Introduction: Vaginitis is one of the most common reasons women visit a gynecologist. Escherichia coli has been isolated from women with vaginitis, but its role as a vaginal infection aetiological agent is controversial. This study aimed to detect virulence genes and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli strains isolated from monomicrobial and polymicrobial cultures collected from women with  vaginitis. Methodology: The presence of the following virulence genes: papC, hly, iucC, afa, fimH, neuC, sfa/foc, cnf1, usp, and ibeA in two E. coli groups was determined by PCR. The antibacterial susceptibility of strains was tested. Results: A higher percentage (93.3%) of isolated strains from monomicrobial cultures with virulence genes in relation to  polymicrobial cultures (56.7%) was found. The most frequent virulence genes in both groups were hly (p = 0.0357), fimH (p = 0.000), and cfn1 (p = 0.000). In addition, E. coli isolated from monomicrobial cultures showed 5 genetic combinations compared to the 10 observed in the polymicrobial cultures. An increased number of strains were sensitive to cefotaxime, moxifloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. A high resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was observed. Conclusions: Most of the E. coli strains isolated from monomicrobial cultures and some from polymicrobial cultures showed virulence genes. A better understanding of  the virulence and antibacterial susceptibility of E. coli strains isolated from patients with vaginitis can contribute to improved diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

scholarly journals Microbiological Survey of Wheat Flour Sold at Retail in Canada, 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
helen zhang ◽  
Etsuko Yamamoto ◽  
Johanna Murphy ◽  
Catherine Carrillo ◽  
Kate Hardie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Two Samples

Following two O121 STEC outbreaks linked to wheat flour, this study was conducted to gain baseline information on the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and levels of indicator organisms in wheat flour in Canada. A total of 347 pre-packaged wheat flour samples were analyzed for Salmonella spp., Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes ( L. monocytogenes ) , aerobic colony count (ACC), total coliforms, and generic Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) . Salmonella spp. and O157 STEC were not detected in any of the samples. L. monocytogenes was identified in two samples (0.6%) at levels below the limit of detection (<0.7 log CFU/g). Non-O157 STEC were isolated from six samples (1.7%) and were characterized for the presence of STEC virulence genes: stx 1, stx 2 and subtypes, eae , hlyA, and aggR . One O103:H25 STEC isolate carried virulence genes ( stx 1 a + eae ) that are known to be capable of causing diarrhea and/or bloody diarrhea in humans. Of the five remaining non-O157 STEC isolates, four carried single stx 2a or stx 2c genes and were considered to have the potential of causing diarrhea. The remaining non-O157 STEC isolate ( stx 2 ), while not a priority non-O157 STEC was not available for sequencing and thus its potential to cause illness is unknown. ACC, total coliforms, and generic E. coli were detected   in 98.8%, 72.6% and 0.6% of the flour samples. The mean counts of ACC were greater in whole-wheat flour as compared to the other flour types tested ( p <0.001). The results of this study suggest that the occurrence of O157 STEC and Salmonella  is low, but the occurrence of non-O157 STEC in wheat flour with the potential to cause human illness of diarrhea is relatively common. Therefore, the consumption of raw flour could increase the likelihood of STEC infections. Further research is merited for potential risk mitigation strategies within the food production system and with consumers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document