scholarly journals Upregulation of TLR4 mRNA Expression Levels in Broiler Chickens Under Acute Heat Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Tlr4 Mrna ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

scholarly journals Supplemental dietaryl-arginine attenuates intestinal mucosal disruption during a coccidial vaccine challenge in broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1098-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhuang Tan ◽  
Todd J. Applegate ◽  
Shasha Liu ◽  
Yuming Guo ◽  
Susan D. Eicher
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
Apoptosis Gene ◽  
Mtor Complex 1 ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

The present study investigated the effects of dietary arginine (Arg) supplementation on intestinal structure and functionality in broiler chickens subjected to coccidial challenge. The present study was a randomised complete block design employing a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (n8) with three dietary concentrations of Arg (11·1, 13·3 and 20·2 g/kg) with or without coccidial vaccine challenge (unchallenged and coccidial challenge). On day 14, birds were orally administered with coccidial vaccine or saline. On day 21, birds were killed to obtain jejunal tissue and mucosal samples for histological, gene expression and mucosal immunity measurements. Within 7 d of the challenge, there was a decrease in body-weight gain and feed intake, and an increase in the feed:gain ratio (P< 0·05). Jejunal inflammation was evidenced by villus damage, crypt dilation and goblet cell depletion. Coccidial challenge increased mucosal secretory IgA concentration and inflammatory gene (iNOS,IL-1β,IL-8andMyD88) mRNA expression levels (P< 0·05), as well as reduced jejunalMucin-2,IgAandIL-1RImRNA expression levels (P< 0·05). Increasing Arg concentration (1) increased jejunal villus height (P< 0·05) and linearly increased jejunal crypt depth (P< 0·05); (2) quadratically increased mucosal maltase activity (P< 0·05) and linearly decreased mucosal secretory IgG concentration (P< 0·05) within the coccidiosis-challenged groups; and (3) linearly decreased jejunal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA expression level (P< 0·05) within the coccidiosis-challenged groups. The mRNA expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 pathway genes (mTORandRPS6KB1) and the anti-apoptosis geneBcl-2quadratically responded to increasing dietary Arg supplementation (P< 0·05). These results indicate that dietary Arg supplementation attenuates intestinal mucosal disruption in coccidiosis-challenged chickens probably through suppressing TLR4 and activating mTOR complex 1 pathways.

Effect of the acute heat stress on serum endotoxin concentration and the expression of TLR4 mRNA in liver of Arbor Acres broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-cheng Huang ◽  
Ya-Fen Fu ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Yan-fang Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Tlr4 Expression ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Endotoxin Concentration ◽  
Tlr4 Mrna ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Temperature Group ◽  
The Relationship

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between gut-derived endotoxin and the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the liver of broilers under acute heat stress (AHS). For this purpose, 120 Arbor Acres chicks were randomised into two groups: control temperature group (CT group, 22 ± 1°C) and high temperature group (HT group, 38 ± 1°C). The chicks received AHS at Day 28 and their small intestine, liver and blood samples were collected after 2 h, 5 h and 10 h to examine the histopathology, biochemical parameters, endotoxin concentrations and TLR4 expression. The results showed that damaged intestinal villi and severe congestion of the hepatic sinusoids were observed, especially after 10 h of AHS in the HT group. In addition, the levels of alanine transferase, aspartate transaminase, and direct bilirubin, except alkaline phosphataseafter were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) and total bilirubin (P < 0.01) and albumin (P < 0.05) were decreased after 10 h of AHS as compared with the CT group, which are associated with liver function. Moreover, the mRNA expression of TLR4 in the liver was noticeably upregulated (P < 0.05) during AHS with significantly increased in endotoxin concentration (P < 0.01) of broilers. Altogether, these findings suggest that the upregulated expression of TLR4 mRNA was triggered via gut-derived endotoxin in heat stress-induced liver injury.

scholarly journals Effect of Acute Heat Stress on the mRNA Levels of Cytokines in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Embryonic Thermal Manipulation

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. M. Saleh ◽  
Mohammad B. Al-Zghoul
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
And Control ◽  
Thermal Manipulation

Heat stress significantly impacts the immunity and cytokine expression of chickens. However, the effects of embryonic thermal manipulation (TM) on cytokine expression in broiler chickens (broilers) is unclear. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of TM on the splenic mRNA expression dynamics of certain cytokines—namely, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-8, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, and IL-18—in broilers during subsequent exposure to acute heat stress (AHS). TM was performed by elevating the incubation temperature to 39 °C at 65% relative humidity (RH) for 18 h daily during embryonic days (ED) 10–18. On post-hatch day 28, AHS was carried out for 7 h at 40 °C. At 0 h and after 1, 3, 5, and 7 h of AHS, splenic tissues were collected from all study groups to evaluate mRNA expression by relative-quantitative real-time (RT)-PCR. Plasma was collected to measure IL-4, IL-8, and IFN-γ levels. At 0 h, TM significantly reduced the basal mRNA level of IFN-β and the plasma level of IFN-γ and IL-8. Moreover, AHS significantly decreased IFN-β in control chicks, decreased IL-4 in both TM and control chicks, and increased IFN-γ and IL-16 in TM chicks. IFN-α, IL-8, IL-15, IL-17, and IL-18 expression all significantly increased during AHS in both TM and control chicks, but expression dynamics were improved in TM chicks for all cytokines (except IL-17). AHS resulted in increased plasma IFN-γ levels in TM chicks only, and increased IL-8 levels at 3 and 5 h of AHS in TM chicks, but at 7 h in control chicks. Lastly, 3 h of AHS increased IL-4 plasma levels in control chicks. The results of this study may indicate that TM has a long-term effect on cytokine expression dynamics of broilers, especially during AHS. Therefore, TM may improve heat tolerance acquisition by increasing the expression of signaling proteins important to tissue stability and to repair mechanisms that are employed during and/or after heat stress recovery.

scholarly journals Myostatin and Related Factors Are Involved in Skeletal Muscle Protein Breakdown in Growing Broilers Exposed to Constant Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1467
Author(s):  
Xiumei Li ◽  
Minhong Zhang ◽  
Jinghai Feng ◽  
Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Heat stress has an adverse effect on the development of poultry farming, which has always aroused great concern. This study was carried out to investigate the protein breakdown mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of constant heat stress on muscle growth in growing broilers. A total of 96, 29-day-old, Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into two groups, a thermoneutral control (21 ± 1 °C, TC) and a heat stress (31 ± 1 °C, HS) group, with six replicates in each group and eight birds in each replicate. The trial period lasted for 14 d, and the trial was performed at 60 ± 7% relative humidity, a wind speed of <0.5 m/s and an ammonia level of <5 ppm. The results showed that the average daily feed intake and average daily gain in the HS group were distinctly lower than those in the TC group (p < 0.05), whereas the HS group showed a significantly increased feed conversion ratio, nitrogen excretion per weight gain and nitrogen excretion per feed intake compared to the TC group (p < 0.05). In addition, the HS group showed a significantly reduced breast muscle yield and nitrogen utilization in the broilers (p < 0.05). The HS group showed an increase in the serum corticosterone level (p < 0.05) and a decrease in the thyroxine levels in the broiler chickens (p < 0.05) compared to the TC group, whereas the HS group showed no significant changes in the serum 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine levels compared to the TC group (p > 0.05). Moreover, the HS group showed increased mRNA expression levels of myostatin, Smad3, forkhead box O 4, muscle atrophy F-box and muscle ring-finger 1, but reduced mRNA expression levels of the mammalian target of rapamycin, the protein kinase B and the myogenic determination factor 1 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the poor growth performance of birds under constant heat stress may be due to an increased protein breakdown via an mRNA expression of myostatin and related factors.

TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA Expression Levels in Liver Transplant Patients with Acute Rejection

Immunobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 152107
Author(s):  
Zahra Keshavarz ◽  
Neda Zareei ◽  
Afsoon Afshari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Karimi ◽  
Ramin Yaghobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Tlr4 Mrna ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

scholarly journals The role of CXCR3 and its ligands expression in Brucellar spondylitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hu ◽  
Xiaoqian Shang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Jiahui Fan ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Damage ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Abstract Aim Brucellar spondylitis (BS) is one of the most serious complications of brucellosis. CXCR3 is closely related to the severity of disease infection. This research aimed to study the degree of BS inflammatory damage through analyzing the expression levels of CXCR3 and its ligands (CXCL9 and CXCL10) in patients with BS. Methods A total of 29 BS patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled. Real-Time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of BS patients and healthy controls. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was used to show the pathological changes in BS lesion tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to show the protein expression levels of Brucella-Ab, IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in BS lesion tissues. At the same time, ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9 CXCL10 and autoantibodies against CXCR3 in patients with BS. Results In lesion tissue of BS patients, it showed necrosis of cartilage, acute or chronic inflammatory infiltration. Brucella-Ab protein was abundantly expressed in close lesion tissue. And the protein expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 were highly expressed in close lesion tissue and serum of BS patients. At the same time, the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 in PBMCs of BS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Conclusion In our research, the expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands were significantly higher than those in controls. It suggested that high expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands indicated a serious inflammatory damage in patients with BS.

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