scholarly journals AFRICAN MAHOGANY SUBMITTED TO DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTILIZATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Luis Henrique Antunes Barbosa ◽  
Flavio de Oliveira Rosa ◽  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Adão Wagner Pêgo Evangelista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
African Mahogany ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Root Collar

ABSTRACT African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.) is a tree species that has been increasing in Brazilian commercial planting. However, the lack of water and nutrition are great obstacles for crop production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of young mahogany plants submitted to drip irrigation and topdressing. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with three repetitions in subdivided plots. Treatments consisted of drippers: 1, 2 and 3plt-1; flows: 2, 4 and 8L h-1, and a treatment without irrigation. For topdressing, subplots levels were, as follows: 1) 17.5 and 25.2; 2) 35.1 and 50.1; 3) 52.5 and 75.0; 4) 70.0 and 100.2; and 5) 87.5 and 125.1 g plant-1 N and K2O, respectively, divided into five bimonthly applications, which started in the 4th month after planting. Plant height, diameter at root collar and at breast height (DBH), and stem height were evaluated. Results showed statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between irrigated and non-irrigated plants. Mean plant height ranged (from 2 to 20 months in field) from 0.33 to 3.25 and 2.67m for irrigated and non-irrigated plants, respectively. Mean stem height ranged from 0.23m to 0.87 and 0.71m for irrigated and non-irrigated plants, respectively. Thus, irrigation with 1 dripper per tree and flow of 2L h-1 was able to supply mahogany water requirements in the first two years in field. Trees have not responded to N and K topdressing at the beginning of the cycle.

scholarly journals Morphologic Characteristics Variability in Prunus spinosa L. Shrubs Identified in Southern Area of Oltenia, Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina N. COSMULESCU ◽  
Florentina GAVRILA CALUSARU
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Prunus Spinosa ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics

This paper aims to analyse the variability of morphological characteristics of Prunus spinosa L. shrubs, identified and studied in the spontaneous flora in southern Oltenia, Romania (localities Calopar and Gura Văii). The observations made on trunk diameter, stem height, spinosity degree, ability to form basal shoots, have outlined the high variability, which is useful in breeding programs. Variability coefficient ranged between 26.02% and 30.87% for the stem diameter, between 23.48% and 32.32% for the plant height, between 30.93% and 37.81% for canopy diameter. Based on the obtained results, the C31, GV26, GV28, GV29, GV30, GV31, GV33, GV34, GV37 and GV8, GV9, GV27, GV35, C5, C24, C25, C26 and C29 genotypes are recommended for fixing the eroded lands, owing to their very strong, strong and medium ability to form basal shoots; while C10, C12, C23, C27, C28, C30, GV6, GV10, GV24, GV25, GV32 and GV36 genotypes are recommended to be studied as rootstocks in fruit tree species, having in view the low or missing vigor and ability to form basal shoots.

scholarly journals Influence of the Nutritional Aspects on Initial Growth of African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Camila Oliveira Muniz ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Lucas Morais Lobo ◽  
Evaldo De Melo Ferreira ◽  
João Augusto da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
African Mahogany ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Block Effect ◽  
Root Collar

Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (African mahogany) is one of the most economically important forest species, since it is used in the international furniture market. However, little is known about its culture and nutritional requirements. This study aimed to assess the development of K. ivorensis plants subjected to different base saturations, as well as to different N, P and K levels. An 8-ha area was used, wherein 4 ha had base saturation increased to 55% and the remaining 4 ha to 75%. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks with eight repetitions in a factorial scheme (4 × 4 × 4), being four N doses, four P doses and four K doses. The base saturation was assessed through the block effect. The root collar diameter and the plant height were measured 12 months after planting. Each experimental plot comprised six plants. The root collar diameter showed statistical differences between blocks and N doses. Only the NPK association showed statistical variation in plant height. However, a growth decreasing trend resulting from increased N doses was observed, as well as a growth increasing trend resulting from increased P and K doses. All treatments favored African mahogany growth. The most indicated base saturation was 55%, since there was no plant growth improvement when V% was increased to 75%. The excess of N impaired the growth of the species. The best treatment comprised 60 g urea, 240 g triple superphosphate, and 168 g potassium chloride.

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO DE MOGNO AFRICANO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR MICROASPERSÃO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Luis Henrique Antunes Barbosa ◽  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Adão Wagner Pego Evangelista ◽  
Fernando Rezende Costa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
African Mahogany ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Commercial Forest

CRESCIMENTO DE MOGNO AFRICANO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR MICROASPERSÃO  JOSÉ ALVES JÚNIOR1; LUIS HENRIQUE ANTUNES BARBOSA2; DERBLAI CASAROLI1; ADÃO WAGNER PEGO EVANGELISTA1 E FERNANDO REZENDE COSTA2 1 Eng. Agr. Professor Adjunto da Escola de Agronomia (EA) da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, CEP: 74.690-900.  [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Eng. Agr. e Pós-graduando em Agronomia (solo e água) na EA – UFG, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, CEP: 74.690-900. [email protected], [email protected]  1 RESUMO  O mogno africano vem se destacando no Brasil em plantios comercias, entretanto, ainda são escassas informações referentes às respostas desta planta ao ambiente, sobretudo, em termos de capacidade evapotranspirativa e necessidade hídrica. Assim, como um dos entraves para a produção vegetal é o déficit hídrico, uma alternativa seria irrigação no início do ciclo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o crescimento de plantas jovens de mogno irrigadas por microaspersão. O estudo foi realizado em Bonfinópolis-GO, nos dois primeiros anos em campo. As plantas foram implantadas com espaçamento 5x5m, em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, utilizando 1 emissor à cada 2 plantas. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, contendo nove tratamentos (vazões: 0, 20, 30, 35, 40, 50, 58, 70 e 90 Lh-1), com três repetições. Avaliaram-se o diâmetro de caule, o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), alturas de planta e de fuste. Observaram-se diferenças significativas (p>0,01) entre os tratamentos, ajustando-se equações lineares para todas variáveis. A altura média das plantas aos 2 meses de idade era 0,28m e aos 20 meses variou 2,75m sem irrigação a 3,72m irrigado. Inicialmente o fuste era de 0,25m e ao final variou de 0,53m sem irrigação a 0,94m irrigado. Diâmetros de caule, dos 2 aos 16 meses de idade, variaram de 0,79 a 5,9cm sem irrigação e a 6,5cm irrigado. E dos 16 aos 20 meses o DAP variou de 2,6 a 3,7cm sem irrigação e 4,6 a 5,8cm irrigando. As maiores médias para todas as variáveis analisadas foram obtidas com a aplicação de 90Lh-1. Palavras-chave: Khaya ivorensis; déficit hídrico; madeira nobre; irrigação localizada; manejo da água.  ALVES JÚNIOR. J.; BARBOSA, L. H. A; CASAROLI, D.1; EVANGELISTA,  A. W. P. COSTA, F. R.GROWTH OF MAHOGANY AFRICAN YOUNG TREES SUBMITED TO DIFFERENT MICROSPRINKLER IRRIGATION LEVELS  2 ABSTRACT African mahogany is a tree species that has been increasing in Brazil in commercial forest. However, there is still scarce information about the responses of  this species to environment, especially in evapotranspiration and water requirement. Thus, as one of the barriers for crop production is water deficit, an alternative would be the irrigation in the beginning of the cycle in field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of mahogany young trees irrigated by microsprinkler. The study was conducted in Bonfinópolis-GO, Brazil, the first two years in the field. The plants were implanted with 5x5m spacing in Oxisol using 1 emitter to each 2 plants. The design was used in a randomized block design, with nine treatments (flow rates: 0, 20, 30, 35, 40, 50, 58, 70 and 90Lh-1), with three replications. We evaluated the stem diameter, the diameter at breast height (DAP), plant height and stem. There were significant differences (p> 0.01) between treatments, adjusting linear equations for all variables. The average plant height at 2 months of age was 0.28m and at 20 months ranged from 2.75m without irrigation to 3.72m irrigated. Initially the stem was 0.25 m and by the end it ranged from 0.53m without irrigation to 0.94m irrigated. Stem diameters, from 2 to 16 months old, ranged from 0.79 to 5.9 cm without irrigation and 6.5cm irrigated. And from 16 to 20 months DAP ranged from 2.6 to 3.7cm without irrigation and 4.6 to 5.8 cm irrigated. The best tree growth was obtained by applying 90Lh-1. Keywords: Khaya ivorensis; drougth; hardwoods; trickle irrigation; water management

scholarly journals Productivity of jambu (Acmella oleracea) using different soil water tensions and nitrogen rates under greenhouse condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lee Carrera de Aviz ◽  
Joaquim Alves de Lima Junior ◽  
André Luiz Pereira da Silva ◽  
Rafaelle Fazzi Gomes ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Rodrigues de Melo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. is a native Amazon vegetable, known as jambu, which is widely used in regional cuisine and has aroused the interest of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic market. Thereby, this work aimed to study the effect of different soil water tensions and nitrogen rates on Jambu cultivation in the State of Pará. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 30 days in 2016 testing Jamburana cultivar in a 10 × 10 cm spacing in the experiment. The experimental design was based on randomized blocks in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with three replications. The treatments consisted of four soil water tensions (12, 18, 24 and 30 kPa) adjusted using drip irrigation, and four doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-¹) of nitrogen. The analyzed variables were fresh mass, plant height, productivity and water use efficiency. There was no interaction between soil water tensions factors and nitrogen rates for all variables. The results showed that the best water tension in the soil and nitrogen dose that provided better development and productivity of jambu were 18 kPa and 79 kg ha-¹, respectively.

Improving Soybean Production Using Light Supplementation at Field-Scale: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Ernane M Lemes ◽  
Breno N R Azevedo ◽  
Matheus F I Domiciano ◽  
Samuel L Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
Yield Responses

In modern agriculture, there is a growing need for increasing crop efficiency while minimizing environmental impacts. The use of high-efficiency light supplementation to enhance plant development is limited for high-productive crops at field conditions (outdoor). This study evaluated the soybean plant’s yield responses in an open commercial area (field scale) cultivated under conditions of artificial light supplementation. A commercial irrigated (pivot) area received an illumination system for light supplementation (LS) in its inner pivot spans. About 40 hours of LS were applied to the plants during the soybean crop cycle. The area’s outer pivot spans did not receive light supplementation (nLS). The internode number, the plant height, the pods per plant were evaluated weekly to compute the area under the progress curve (AUPC). The grain yield at harvest was also assessed. The AUPC of the internode number, plant height and pods per plant were positively affected by the LS treatment. The regular soybean cycle (nLS) is about 17 weeks; however, the LS harvest occurred three weeks later. Light supplementation increased soybean grain yield by 57.3% and profitability by 180% when compared to nLS. Although light supplementation at field scale poses a challenge, it is now affordable since sustainable field resistant technologies are now available. The present study is the first known report of light supplementation used to improve soybean crop production at field scale.

scholarly journals PRESERVATION OF PRIMARY FOREST CHARACTERISTICS DESPITE FRAGMENTATION AND ISOLATION IN A FOREST REMNANT FROM VIÇOSA, MG, BRAZIL1

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Gastauer ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral ◽  
João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Biotic Resources

According to its owners, the Forest of Seu Nico (FSN) from the Viçosa municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil, never has been logged and is therefore considered a primary forest. Nevertheless, the forest patch suffered impacts due to selective wood and non-timber extraction, fragmentation and isolation. Aim of this study was to test if the FSN, despite impacts, preserved characteristics of primary forests, which are elevated percentages of non-pioneer (>90%), animal-dispersed (>80 %), understory (>50%) and endemic species (~40%). For that, all trees with diameter at breast height equal or major than 3.2 cm within a plot of 100 x 100 m were identified. With 218 tree species found within this hectare, the FSN's species richness is outstanding for the region. The percentages of non-pioneer (92 %), animal-dispersed (85 %), understory (55 %) and endemic species (39.2 %) from the FSN fulfill the criteria proposed for primary forest. Therefore, we conclude that the FSN maintained its characteristics as a primary forest which highlights its importance for the conservation of biotic resources in the region, where similar fragments are lacking or not described yet.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CLUSTERING OF FORESTAL SPECIES IN THE SOUTH WESTERN AMAZONIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1083-1090
Author(s):  
Elias Lourenço Vasconcelos Neto ◽  
Celso Azevedo ◽  
Luciano Ribas ◽  
Marcus Neves d'Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Cumulative Frequency ◽  
Cumulative Frequency Distribution ◽  
Functional Clustering ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Species Grouping

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to perform ecological and functional clustering of tree species in southwestern Amazon. Developed from data from 95 permanent plots of 1 ha each, all individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥10 cm were measured. The species grouping was performed in three stages: (1) cluster analysis, using the variables: diameter annual periodic increment -(IPADAP) considering three competition levels (high, medium and low) and the 95th percentile of the diameters (P95) cumulative frequency distribution (Ward hierarchical method); (2) Discriminant analysis, using the variables P95 and IPADAP by Fisher's method and (3) subjective stage, considering the species ecological characteristics. The Ward and Fisher methods used for discriminant and cluster analyses were effective for species grouping resulting on the formation of 10 groups. Variables: IPADAP and and P95 were efficient on the formed groups discrimination.. Variations in the growth rates for the overall mean data were reduced wen calculated for each group of species.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND RESULS OF VARIOUS SWEET CORN LINES IN MARGINAL LAND USING A DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Agrivet ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Bambang Supriyanta ◽  
Oktavia Sarhesti Padmini ◽  
Danar Wicaksono ◽  
Kundarto Kundarto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System

Utilization of the potential of marginal land with adequate water and nutrients is an important factor in increasing corn production. However, high porosity levels and low nutrient levels cause growth and production of corn is not optimal. The aim of this research is to obtain an irrigation technique combined with efficient fertilization in the sweet corn cultivation system in marginal land. The field research was carried out at Faculty of Agricultural Research Wedomartani, Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. The study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020. The research aims to get best sweet corn line at various concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer in marginal land with a drip irrigation system.The research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. The first factor is sweet corn lines, which consists of 9 levels, namely, G1 (5042B), G2 (KD-11), G3 (KD-13), G4 (SB-11), G5 (SB-13), G6 (SB-14), G7 (SB-16), G8 (SB-21), and G9 (SB-22). While the second factor is the irrigation system combined with fertilization (fertigation) which consists of 3 levels, namely the drip irrigation system with a concentration of liquid supplement fertilizer 2 cc / L, 3 cc / L and 4 cc / L. The results showed that the drip fertigation system with a concentration of POC 3 cc / L was able to give a better effect on plant height and leaf length in sweet corn. SB / 1-3 lines was the best lines as prospective parents for making hybrid lines for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves and cob length.Keywords: lines, liquid organic fertilizer, sweet corn, marginal land, irrigation system

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Boron Application on Carica papaya L. I. Growth and Yield

1969 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Agripino Pérez-López ◽  
Rubén D. Reyes-Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment was carried on a Coto clay (an Oxisol). The effect of four levels of N (0, 57, 170 and 340 kg/ha) and four levels of B (0, 2.3, 4.5, 6.8 kg/ha) were determined using the P.R. 7-65 papaya variety. Treatments were initiated when the transplanted seedlings were three months old, and were repeated every six weeks. The information recorded showed the following results: Increments of N and B levels did not show a marked effect on plant height and stem diameter. Boron tended to be more effective than N in increasing stem height and diameter. The petiole fresh and dry weights increased linearly as the N and B levels were raised. The number and weight of fruits borne on female and hermaphroditic trees increased linearly as the N and 8 levels were raised. The results of the experiment showed that the papaya plant requires a high N and B fertilization rate.

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