scholarly journals Nitrogen efficiency in oat yield through the biopolymer hydrogel

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmar B. Scremin ◽  
José A. G. da Silva ◽  
Ângela T. W. de Mamann ◽  
Rubia D. Mantai ◽  
Ana P. Brezolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Release ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

ABSTRACT The retainers of water in the soil can favor nitrogen (N) use efficiency in oat yield. The aim of the study was to determine if the conditions of use of the biopolymer hydrogel increase the fertilizer-N use efficiency in oat yield in succession systems of high and low residual-N release. In each succession system (soybean/oat, corn/oat), two experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015, one to quantify biomass yield and the other to estimate grain yield and lodging. The design was randomized blocks with four replicates in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme for hydrogel doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), added in the furrow with the seed, and N fertilizer doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1) applied in the fourth-expanded-leaf stage. The use of hydrogel increases N use efficiency in oat yield, especially under the conditions of 30 to 60 kg ha-1 of biopolymer; however, this effect is dependent on the succession system and on weather conditions.

scholarly journals Single and split nitrogen dose in wheat yield indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane S. P. Costa ◽  
Rubia D. Mantai ◽  
José A. G. da Silva ◽  
Osmar B. Scremin ◽  
Emilio G. Arenhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
N Supply ◽  
N Release ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

ABSTRACT Single or split nitrogen (N) supply can maximize the expression of wheat yield indicators. The objective of the study was to evaluate the greater N use efficiency on wheat yield indicators by the single and split N supply under favorable and unfavorable year conditions to the crop in succession system of high and reduced residual N release. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015, in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in a 4 x 3 factorial, for N-fertilizer doses (0, 30, 60, 120 kg ha-1) and supply forms [full dose (100%) in the phenological stage V3 (third expanded leaf); split dose (70 and 30%) in the phenological stages V3/V6 (third and sixth expanded leaves, respectively) and; split dose (70 and 30%) in the phenological stages V3/R1 (third expanded leaf and early grain filling)], respectively, in soybean/wheat and maize/wheat cultivation systems. The highest N use efficiency for wheat yield was obtained with the single dose supply in favorable year of temperature and rainfall and with the split dose in the V3/V6 stages in unfavorable year, regardless of the succession system of high and reduced residual N release.

scholarly journals Nitrogen efficiency in oats on grain yield with stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1095-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. G. da Silva ◽  
Constantino J. Goi Neto ◽  
Sandra B. V. Fernandes ◽  
Rubia D. Mantai ◽  
Osmar B. Scremin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
N Release ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Stability ◽  
N Use

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient most absorbed by the oat crop. Unfavorable climate conditions decrease its efficiency, generating instability and reduction in yield. The objective of this study was to improve N use efficiency in oat grain yield by the economic value of the product and of the input and by models that scale the stability, considering systems of succession of high and reduced residual-N release in favorable and unfavorable years for cultivation. The study was conducted in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015 in two systems of succession (soybean/oat, maize/oat) in randomized blocks with eight replicates, using the N-fertilizer doses of 0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1. The N-fertilizer dose for maximum economic efficiency in oats should be considered based on the meteorological trends of the cultivation year. N use optimization by models that determine the stability is an innovative proposal to increase fertilization efficiency on the yield. The N-fertilizer dose of 60 kg ha-1 promotes greater efficiency with predictability and yield, regardless of the agricultural year and the system of succession.

Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Nitrogen use efficiency

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
G. Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Soil Inorganic N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

This study evaluated rate and timing of N fertilization effects on the N use efficiency characteristics of rain-fed Russet Burbank potato. Trials conducted in 1999–2001 included different rates of fertili zer N (0–160 kg N ha-1 in 1999 and 0–200 kg N ha-1 in 2000 and 2001) applied either at planting according to normal grower practice, or at hilling, the latest time that granular fertilizer can practically be applied. Whole-plant dry matter and N accumulation were determined at topkill. Soil inorganic N content was measured to 30-cm depth at planting and at tuber harvest. Soil N supply (plant N accumulation plus soil inorganic N content at harvest with no fertilizer N applied) varied from 77 to 146 kg N ha-1 depending on the year. Crop N supply (soil N supply plus fertilizer N applied) was a better predictor of plant N accumulation than fertilizer N rate, and was used to remove the confounding effect of variation in soil N supply when making among-year comparisons for N use efficiency characteristics. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE; plant N accumulation/crop N supply) decreased with increasing rates of N applied at hilling N rate in 1999, which was a dry year, but was not influenced by at-hilling N rate in 2000 and 2001, or by at-planting N rate in any year. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE; dry matter accumulation/crop N supply) and N utilization efficiency (NUtE; dry matter accumulation/plant N accumulation) decreased curvilinearly with increasing crop N supply in each year. Similar relationships between NUE and crop N supply, and between NUtE and plant N accumulation, among the 3 yr of the study suggest that these relationships are largely independent of seasonal climatic variation, and are primarily genetically controlled. Timing of N fertilization had no effect on any N use efficiency parameter, with the exception of reduced NUpE associated with split N application in 1999. This suggests that under rain-fed potato production in Atlantic Canada, timing of N fertilization has no significant effect on N use efficiency of Russet Burbank potato in years of adequate soil moisture, but NUpE may be decreased by split application of N in dry years. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, soil inorganic N, apparent fertilizer N recovery

Alternate partial root-zone irrigation improves fertilizer-N use efficiency in tomatoes

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaosheng Wang ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Lars Stoumann Jensen ◽  
Andreas de Neergaard ◽  
Christian Richardt Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Effects of spray application of urea fertilizer at stem extension on winter wheat: N recovery and nitrate leaching

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. READMAN ◽  
C. P. BECKWITH ◽  
P. S. KETTLEWELL
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

A field experiment was carried out at Harper Adams in Shropshire to investigate the effect of supplying the spring N application to winter wheat as different proportions of urea as a solution, rather than as conventional soil-applied solid urea, on N recovery in the above-ground crop, autumn soil mineral N and nitrate leaching over the subsequent winter. A solid ammonium nitrate treatment was also included to represent alternative commercial practice to solid urea. Treatments were repeated on the same plots over the 3 years 1992, 1993 and 1994. N recovery was measured in all 3 years by difference in N uptake between fertilized and unfertilized plots, and in 1993 for selected treatments, N was applied as 15N-labelled fertilizer to determine direct uptake of fertilizer N in the crop and soil. Both urea sprays and solid soil N applications were labelled with 15N. Urea sprays were split over several days to reduce scorch, whereas solid fertilizer was applied as a single dressing. For some urea spray treatments, apparent N recovery in the above-ground crop in 1992 and 1994 was less compared with soil-applied N treatments. These urea spray treatments were applied in the morning rather than the evening, and gaseous losses, most likely by volatilization, are suggested. In 1992 application of a large proportion of N as urea sprays, such that application of some N as urea solution was delayed to around GS 37, was associated with an increase in physiological N use efficiency. In 1993, there was no difference in direct or apparent recovery of fertilizer N in the crop or soil for N applied as ammonium nitrate, solid urea or as urea sprays. Mean nitrate concentration in the drainage water at 1 m was elevated for all N treatments in all years, but only in 1992 did nitrate concentration and leaching loss decrease with increasing proportion of N applied as urea sprays. It may therefore be possible to reduce gaseous losses by application of urea sprays under cool conditions in the evening and exploit the increased physiological N use efficiency for urea sprays applied later, such that total fertilizer N applied and N losses are reduced.

scholarly journals Penampilan Genotipe Jagung Berumur Genjah pada Pemupukan N Dosis Tinggi dan Rendah di Lahan Sawah setelah Padi di Sulawesi Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
NFN Ruchjaniningsih ◽  
Muh. Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

<p>Genotype Performance of Early Maturity Maize with N High and Low Dosage Fertilization in Irrigated Land After Rice Planting in South Sulawesi. Ruchjaniningsih and Muh. Thamrin. To reduce the negative impact of excessive fertilizer N use efficiency of N needs to be done, especially on maize that much need N. N use efficiency can be improved through the establishment of adaptive varieties of maize N fertilization is low, it is necessary for the characterization of the plant as a basis for screening genotypes. Some strains of maize have been evaluated wetland in Bontomanai, Bantaeng district, South Sulawesi, on May to December 2009, the result of the appearance of phenotypic characters and yield components. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with a factorial treatment genotype A (X01904 ), B (X02804 ), C (X02904 ), D (X03404), E (X03604), F (Bima- 1), G (Lamuru), H (Gumarang), and local B yellow for comparison with N fertilization (high and low dose) repeated three times. The results showed that fertilizer N 400 kg/ha had a greater impact on the character of the observed fertilization N 200 kg/ha. Genotypes that have high yield potential in rice fields is Lamuru cultivars (13.44 t/ha) and X01904 (13.33 t/ha). All genotypes tested from early maturing (76-84 dap). Genotype X01904, X02804, X02904, X03404, and Bima-1 excel in the characters observed compared to check varieties. Check varieties (local) is superior genotypes were tested on plant height and ear height layout.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Untuk mengurangi dampak negatif pemupukan N yang berlebihan perlu dilakukan efisiensi penggunaan N, terutama pada tanaman jagung yang banyak membutuhkan N. Efisiensi penggunaan N dapat ditingkatkan melalui pembentukan varietas jagung adaptif pemupukan N rendah, untuk itu perlu dilakukan karakterisasi tanaman sebagai dasar skrining genotipe. Beberapa galur jagung telah dievaluasi pada lahan sawah di Bontomanai, Kabupaten Bantaeng, Sulawesi Selatan, pada Mei- Desember 2009, untuk melihat penampilan fenotipik karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Percobaan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan perlakuan genotipe A (X01904), B (X02804), C (X02904), D (X03404), E(X03604), F (Bima-1), G (Lamuru), H (Gumarang), dan lokal B Kuning sebagai pembanding dengan pemupukan N (dosis tinggi dan rendah) diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan N 400 kg/ha berpengaruh lebih baik terhadap karakter yang diamati dari pemupukan N 200 kg/ha. Genotipe yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi di lahan sawah adalah kultivar Lamuru (13,44 t/ha) dan X01904 (13,33 t/ha). Semua genotipe yang diuji berumur genjah (76-84 hst). Genotipe X01904, X02804, X02904, X03404, dan Bima-1 unggul dalam karakter-karakter yang diamati dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding. Varietas pembanding (lokal) lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan genotipe yang diuji pada karakter tinggi tanaman dan tinggi letak tongkol.</p>

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