scholarly journals Morphophysiology of guava under saline water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idelfonso L. Bezerra ◽  
Reginaldo G. Nobre ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Leandro de P. Souza ◽  
Francisco W. A. Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of grafted guava cv. ‘Paluma’ subjected to different concentrations of salts in irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilization. The plants were transplanted to 150 L lysimeters and under field conditions at the Science and Agri-food Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in the municipality of Pombal - PB. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.1; 1.9; 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the N dose recommended for the crop). The doses equivalent to 100% corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Irrigation water salinity above 0.3 dS m-1 negatively affects the number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, dry phytomass of leaves, branches and shoots . A significant interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization was observed only for the number of leaves and leaf area at 120 days after transplanting. N dose above 70% of the recommendation (378.7 mg N dm-3 soil) did not mitigate the deleterious effects caused by salt stress on plant growth.

scholarly journals Physiology of ‘Paluma’ guava under irrigation with saline water and nitrogen fertilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Manoel da Silva ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Leandro De Pádua Souza ◽  
Francisco Wesley Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Nutritional Imbalance

The use of saline water in irrigation causes osmotic and toxic effects and nutritional imbalance in plants, leading to morphophysiological modifications in the leaves and compromising the production of photosynthetic pigments, which negatively reflects in the growth and development of the crops. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation water salinity on the content of photosynthetic pigments and leaf morphophysiology of guava seedlings cv. ‘Paluma’ under nitrogen (N) fertilization. A randomized block design was used, testing five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (541.1, 773.0, 1,004.9, and 1,236.8 mg of N dm-3 of soil) in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates and five plants per plot. The contents of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of the guava seedlings cv. ‘Paluma’ were inhibited by the increase in irrigation water salinity at 190 days after emergence, and the salt stress was lessened with the N dose of 1,004.9 mg dm-3 up to an ECw level of 1.2 dS m-1. Leaf morphophysiology of guava seedlings was not compromised by irrigation water salinity up to 1.5 dS m-1, and the highest values were obtained in plants fertilized with 541.1 mg of N dm-3.

scholarly journals Potassium fertilization in the cultivation of colored cotton irrigated with saline water

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
André A. R. da Silva ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Carlos A. V. de Azevedo ◽  
Lauriane A. dos A. Soares ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Soil Irrigation ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, flowering and production components of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’ irrigated with water of different salinity levels and potassium (K) doses in the soil. The research was conducted in a greenhouse. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement with 4 levels of irrigation water salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and four K doses (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation); the dose of 100% corresponded to 150 mg K2O kg-1 of soil. Irrigation water salinity reduced stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and leaf area of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’. Leaf area at 53 DAS was the most affected variable. The highest K dose associated with increased salinity of the irrigation water caused a more deleterious effect on the number of leaves and leaf area at 108 DAS. Progressive increases in irrigation water salinity proportionally increased flower abortion rate and, consequently, reduced the total number of bolls and seed weight of cotton.

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES AND GROWTH OF ‘PALUMA’ GUAVA UNDER SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTIGATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-816
Author(s):  
Idelfonso Leandro Bezerra ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Geovani Soares De Lima ◽  
Joicy Lima Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

ABSTRACT The cultivation of irrigated guava in semi-arid areas highlights the need for information regarding its responses to irrigation water quality and the fertilization management that enables its exploitation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of water salinity and nitrogen (N) doses on the growth and physiology of the guava cv. ‘Paluma’. The experiments was conducted in drainage lysimeters under field conditions in an experimental area at the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande (CCTA/UFCG), Campus II, in Pombal, PB, Brazil. The experiment had a randomized block design, and treatments consisted of a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement corresponding to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity, ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), and four N doses (70, 100, 130, and 160% of the recommended N dose). The 100% dose corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Increments in irrigation water salinity from 0.3 dS m-1 led to a reduction in stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous water use efficiency, the number of leaves and branches, stem diameter, and absolute and relative growth rates. Nitrogen doses ranging from 378.7 to 865.7 mg of N dm-3 of soil did not affect gas exchange and plant growth. Although ‘Paluma’ guava growth was affected by increases in water salinity, these plants can be irrigated using water of up to 1.42 dS m-1 with an acceptable reduction of 10% in growth variables. The interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization had no significant effect on any of the variables studied.

scholarly journals Organic fertilization to attenuate water salinity effect on papaya growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Mônica S. da S. Sousa ◽  
Vera L. A. de Lima ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Luderlândio de A. Silva ◽  
Rômulo C. L. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Management Alternatives

ABSTRACT The salinity of water and soil reduces the growth and production of crops, especially the fruit trees, such as papaya. Thus, it is necessary to obtain management alternatives for cultivation under these conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and phytomass of papaya cultivated under irrigation with saline water and organic fertilization. An experiment was set up using a randomized block design, with the treatments distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, consisting of five levels of salinity of irrigation water (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and two levels of organic fertilization (10 and 20 L of bovine manure per plant), with three replications, totaling thirty experimental plots. Growth variables of papaya were evaluated. Papaya plants were negatively affected by irrigation water salinity, with a greater effect on the number of leaves and on dry phytomass of leaves, with no effect of bovine manure levels.

Morphophysiology of ‘Faga 11’ Cashew Rootstock Under Saline Water Irrigation and Exogenous Proline Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro de P. Souza ◽  
Reginaldo G. Nobre ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Benedito F. Bonifácio ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Exogenous Proline

Due to the reduced availability of good-quality water in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil, the utilization of saline waters in irrigation became an alternative for the expansion of agriculture in this region. Thus, it is necessary to develop techniques which can make viable the use of these waters in agriculture. Given the above, this study aimed to evaluate the morphophysiology of ‘FAGA 11’ cashew rootstock subjected to different levels of irrigation water salinity and exogenous proline application through the leaves. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of the Federal University of Campina Grande, at the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology, Campus of Pombal, PB, Brazil, in a randomized block design, in 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates and two plants per plot. Treatments consisted of different levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity—ECw (0.3; 1.0; 1.7; 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) combined with proline concentrations applied through the leaves—PC (0; 4; 8 and 12 mM). Irrigations with water up to ECw of 1.37 dS m-1 may be used as it causes an acceptable 10% reduction in the variables of morphology of cashew FAGA 11 seedlings. The proline concentrations tested, with the exception of the Dickson’s quality index of seedlings, did not attenuate the deleterious effects of irrigation water salinity on the cashew FAGA 11 rootstock seedlings.

scholarly journals The Response of Fordhook Giant / Swisschard (Beta vulgaris var Cicla) and Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Spinach Vegetables to Irrigation with Saline Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. V. Dlamini ◽  
M. T. Masarirambi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The University

Saline irrigation water is becoming an important water source as fresh water is fast becoming a scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.  A study to test the response of two varieties of spinach (fordhook giant and mustard) to salinity was conducted in a field pot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini.  The treatments were laid in a randomized block design (RCBD).  The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated twelve times.  Treatments were salinity levels of 0.0 dS/m, 1.5 dS/m, 2.0 dS/m and 3.5 dS/m.  All the treatments were subjected to similar agronomic practices. Spinach was grown and observed for a period of five weeks.  Plant height was measured and the number of leaves counted weekly throughout the experiment. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between salinity treatments were obtained for plant height beginning in week 2 but were more pronounced in week 3, 4 and week 5.  No significant differences were obtained for the number of leaves.  There were however, clear significant differences between spinach irrigated with none saline irrigation water compared to saline irrigation water.   It was concluded that irrigating spinach with saline water of more than 2.0 dS/m drastically reduce plant growth but not the number of leaves under the conditions of the experiment.

scholarly journals Gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit under saline water irrigation and H2O2 application

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 945-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elysson M. G. Andrade ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Vera L. A. de Lima ◽  
Saulo S. da Silva ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

ABSTRACT The study was carried out to evaluate the photosynthetic efficiency and growth of yellow passion fruit, cultivated under different levels of irrigation water salinity and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, using drainage lysimeters with capacity for 100 dm3, filled with Entisol of sandy texture. The experimental design was randomized blocks using a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with three repetitions, corresponding to four water salinity (0.7; 1.4; 2.1 and 2.8 dS m-1) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 20, 40 and 60 µM). The different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were applied by soaking the seed for a period of 24 h and spraying the leaves on the adaxial and abaxial sides. At 35 days after transplanting, the interaction between water salinity and hydrogen peroxide concentrations did not significantly interfere with plant physiology and growth, except for the number of leaves. The hydrogen peroxide did not cause significant effects on any of the evaluated plant variables. Increasing salinity of irrigation water led to reduction in gas exchanges at 61 and 96 days after transplanting. Water salinity inhibited the CO2 assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency and stem diameter of passion fruit plants.

scholarly journals Allometry and morphophysiology of papaya seedlings in a substrate with polymer under irrigation with saline water

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3339
Author(s):  
EXPEDITO CAVALCANTE NASCIMENTO NETO ◽  
Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra ◽  
Marlene Alexandrina Ferreira Bezerra ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Blade Area

The availability and quality of the irrigation water are among the limitations for the development of agriculture in the semiarid. Aiming at gathering information on these limitations, this work aimed to evaluate the association between a water-absorbing polymer and water salinity in irrigation frequencies, as well as container volumes on the allometric and morphophysiological indices of seedlings of the papaya (Carica papaya) cultivar ‘Sunrise Solo’. The treatments were obtained from the combination between the water-absorbing polymer (0.0; 0.2; 0.6; 1.0, and; 1.2 g dm-3), the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.3; 1.1; 2.7; 4.3, and; 5.0 dS m-1), and irrigation frequencies (daily and alternate), plus two additional treatments (0.75 and 1.30 dm3) to study the effects of the container volume, distributed in a randomized block design. At 55 days after sowing, the following characteristics were evaluated: ratio between stem height and diameter; ratio between shoot and root dry matter; root density; leaf blade area; ratio between total leaf area and root dry mass; specific leaf area; leaf area ratio; leaf mass ratio; and Dickson quality index. The allometric and morphophysiological indices were damaged by the increase of water electrical conductivity and favored by the application of the polymer and a higher irrigation frequency. In the production of papaya seedlings, a daily irrigation frequency must be prioritized, using containers of 0.75 or 1.30 dm-3, water with electrical conductivity up to 2.6 and 1.9 dS m-1 when irrigated daily or in alternate days, respectively, and 0.6 g dm-3 of polymer.

scholarly journals EMERGENCE, GROWTH, AND PRODUCTION OF COLORED COTTON SUBJECTED TO SALT STRESS AND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEANDRO DE PÁDUA SOUZA ◽  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
REGINALDO GOMES NOBRE ◽  
LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Four Levels

ABSTRACT The semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil is vulnerable to problems of water scarcity and salinity, resulting in low-quality irrigation water and the need to adopt cultivation strategies that make the production system viable. Given the above, this study aimed to evaluate emergence, growth, and production of colored cotton subjected to increasing levels of irrigation water salinity and organic matter doses. The experiment was carried out in a eutrophic Regolithic Neosol with a sandy loam texture in a greenhouse in the municipality of Campina Grande - PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments corresponded to four levels of electrical conductivity of water - ECw (1.7, 3.4, 5.1, and 6.8 dS m-1) and four doses of organic matter - OM (0, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5% based on soil volume). Increasing irrigation water salinity with ECw values above 1.7 dS m-1 reduced emergence, growth, and production of colored cotton, and the cotton seed weight was the variable most affected by salinity. Organic matter addition led to increased cotton growth and production, especially in terms of seed weight. Increasing doses of organic matter attenuated the effect of irrigation water salinity on the number of bolls in ‘BRS Jady’ cotton.

scholarly journals Tolerance of melon cultivars to irrigation water salinity

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. de L. Pereira ◽  
José F. de Medeiros ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Nildo da S. Dias ◽  
Welka Preston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Balance Growth ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

ABSTRACT The use of saline water for irrigation causes severe restriction to nutritional balance, growth and production in many crops due to the effect of salts on plant and soil. The objective of this study was to investigate the response of melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars to various levels of irrigation water salinity on yield and fruit quality. A field experiment was conducted in a split-plot randomized block design with four replicates. The factors were five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03 and 3.90 dS m-1) in the plots and five melon cultivars (C1 - Sancho - Pele de sapo; C2 - Medellín - Pele de sapo; C3 - Mandacaru - Canary; C4 - Néctar - Galia; C5 - Sedna - Cantaloupe) in the sub-plots. According to the results, among the five genotypes studied, Sancho was the most salt-tolerant genotype, followed by Mandacaru, Medellín, Sedna and Néctar. Since irrigation water salinity did not influence the mean fruit weight, the reduction in the number of fruits was the main cause of yield reduction of the melon crop under high salinity water. The contents of total soluble solids increased under high salinity level.

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