Drip pulses and soil mulching effect on american crisphead lettuce yield

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of cations in the leachate of soil cultivated with sugarcane irrigated with brackish water. An experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, at the Recife campus. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (ECw) (0.5, 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1) and two leaching fractions (LF1 = 0 and LF2 = 0.17) corresponding to water depths equivalent to 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), by which the irrigations were managed. Electrical conductivity of the drained water was daily monitored and Na, K, Ca and Mg concentrations in the drainage water were determined at 129, 214, 286 and 324 days after planting (DAP). There were higher salt concentrations in the leachates when leaching fraction LF1 = 0 was used. The use of the 0.17 leaching fraction led to greater dissolution of the salts and may have caused a higher uptake of the essential cations by the crop. Sodium was the most quantitatively leached cation at all collection dates.

Download Full-text

Production and water yield of cauliflower under irrigation depths and nitrogen doses

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n8p561-565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 561-565

Author(s):

Reginaldo M. de Oliveira ◽

Rubens A. de Oliveira ◽

Sanzio M. Vidigal ◽

Ednaldo M. de Oliveira ◽

Lorença B. Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Depth ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Yield ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

Irrigation Depth ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Water Depths

ABSTRACT Cauliflower is a brassica produced and consumed in Brazil, whose cultivation depends on the adequate supply of water and nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths and nitrogen doses on the production components and water yield of cauliflower hybrid Barcelona CMS. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water depths (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 75, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a split-plot arrangement. The effects of these factors were evaluated using the response surface methodology. The water yield of the crop decreases with increasing irrigation water depth; therefore, the yield is higher when water replenishment is lower than the recommended. The highest estimated total inflorescence yield is 24,547.80 kg ha-1, with a inflorescence mean diameter of 19.60 cm, a inflorescence mean height of 12.25 cm, and an inflorescence fresh weight of 858.90 g plant-1, obtained with an irrigation water depth equivalent to 132.09% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. The highest inflorescence diameter and height are obtained with an irrigation depth equivalent to 128.70 and 108.20% of ETc, respectively, and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. Therefore, the best productivity response of the Barcelona CMS cauliflower hybrid can be obtained using an irrigation depth greater than the crop evapotranspiration, regardless of the nitrogen doses.

Download Full-text

Productive characteristics of banana genotypes submitted to different irrigation water depths under Cerrado conditions

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2351 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2351

Author(s):

Luciana Borges e Silva ◽

Jorge Luís do Nascimento ◽

Ronaldo Veloso Naves ◽

Juracy Rocha Braga Filho ◽

Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Depth ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Fruit Length ◽

Water Depths ◽

Fruit Diameter

Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETpc) composed the plots and three genotypes (‘FHIA 18’, ‘Grande-Naine’, and ‘Prata’) the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar ‘FHIA 18’, differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes ‘Grande-Naine’ and ‘Prata’, an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype ‘Prata’, the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype ‘Prata’ increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Grande-Naine’.

Download Full-text

Irrigation management through a coupled energy-water balance and crop growth model driven by remote sensing data

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13345 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Mancini ◽

Chiara Corbari ◽

Imen Ben Charfi ◽

Ahmad Al Bitar ◽

Drazen Skokovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Balance ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Balance Model ◽

Soil Parameters ◽

Area Index ◽

Landsat 7

The conflicting use of water is becoming more and more evident, also in regions that are traditionally rich in water. With the world&#8217;s population projected to increase to 8.5 billion by 2030, the simultaneous growth in income will imply a substantial increase in demand for both water and food. Climate change impacts will further stress the water availability enhancing also its conflictual use. The agricultural sector is the biggest and least efficient water user, accounts for around 24% of total water use in Europe, peaking at 80% in the southern regions.This paper shows the implementation of a system for real-time operative irrigation water management at high spatial and temporal able to monitor the crop water needs reducing the irrigation losses and increasing the water use efficiency, according to different agronomic practices supporting different level of water users from irrigation consortia to single farmers. The system couples together satellite (land surface temperature LST and vegetation information) and ground data, with pixel wise hydrological crop soil water energy balance model. In particular, the SAFY (Simple Algorithm for Yield) crop model has been coupled with the pixel wise energy water balance FEST-EWB model, which assimilate satellite LST for its soil parameters calibration. The essence of this coupled modelling is that the SAFY provides the leaf area index (LAI) evolution in time used by the FEST-EWB for evapotranspiration computation while FEST-EWB model provides soil moisture (SM) to SAFY model for computing crop grow for assigned water content.The FEST-EWB-SAFY has been firstly calibrated in specific fields of Chiese (maize crop) and Capitanata (tomatoes) where ground measurements of evapotranspiration, soil moisture and crop yields are available, as well as LAI from Sentinel2-Landsat 7 and 8 data. The FEST-EWB-SAFY model has then been validated also on several fields of the RICA farms database in the two Italian consortia, where the economic data are available plus the crop yield. Finally, the modelled maps of LAI have then been validated over the whole Consortium area (Chiese and Capitanata) against satellite data of LAI from Landsat 7 and 8, and Sentinel-2.Optimized irrigation volumes are assessed based on a soil moisture thresholds criterion, allowing to reduce the passages over the field capacity threshold reducing the percolation flux with a saving of irrigation volume without affecting evapotranspiration and so that the crop production. The implemented strategy has shown a significative irrigation water saving, also in this area where a traditional careful use of water is assessed.The activity is part of the European project RET-SIF (www.retsif.polimi.it).

Download Full-text

Tomato yield as a function of water depths and irrigation suspension periods

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n8p591-597 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 591-597 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cícero J. da Silva ◽

José A. Frizzone ◽

César A. da Silva ◽

Adelmo Golynski ◽

Luiz F. M. da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Block Design ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Total Yield ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Subsurface Drip ◽

Water Depths

ABSTRACT Irrigation management is essential for tomato fruits yield and quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of tomatoes for industrial processing, ‘BRS Sena’ hybrid, subjected to water depths and irrigation suspension periods before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip irrigation, in Goiás, Brazil (17º 49’ 19.5” S and 49º 12’ 11.3” W), in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were conducted under a randomized complete block design, with four replications, in split plots. Five irrigation levels (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration) were evaluated in the plots and five irrigation suspension periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were evaluated in the subplots. At 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the yields of green, mature, rotten fruits and total yield, water productivity and percentages of green, mature and rotten fruits were evaluated. The highest total fruit yields (105.86 and 58.60 t ha-1) were obtained with water replacements ranging from 125.47 (615.09 mm) to 132.11 (564.00 mm) of crop evapotranspiration, in the first and second year of experiment, respectively. Growing plants under water deficit and excess increased the incidence of rotten fruits and decreased that of mature fruits. Pre-harvest irrigation suspension reduced crop yield and incidence of green fruits and increased the incidence of rotten fruits. The highest water productivity by the crop occurred under water deficit, management that may be interesting for regions with water restrictions.

Download Full-text

Carrot yield and water-use efficiency under different mulching, organic fertilization and irrigation levels

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n7p445-450 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 445-450

Author(s):

Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽

Daniela P. Gomes ◽

Dionizio H. de Oliveira Neto ◽

José G. M. Guerra ◽

Janaína R. C. Rouws ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Time Domain Reflectometry ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Irrigation Levels ◽

Water Depths

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the contributions to the optimization of water use in a carrot crop under different forms of mulch using Gliricidia sepium, fertilization with castor bean cakes and irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil (22º 46’ S and 43º 41’ W), from June to September 2010. The experiment was conducted using a split-split-plot scheme (5 x 3 x 2), with four replicates. The five plots had irrigation depths corresponding to 0, 43, 72, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc); the three subplots contained the different forms of mulch (whole leaves (WL) and chopped leaves and branches (CLB)) and the absence of mulch (AM); and the two sub-subplots contained either the presence (PF) or absence of fertilization (AF). Using time domain reflectometry (TDR) in the irrigation management, water depths ranging from 67.8 to 285.5 mm were applied. The use of mulch in association with fertilization led to higher yields and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the carrot plants, and the mulch composed of WL performed best. The application of irrigation depths corresponding to 97% of ETc promoted the highest carrot yields, although the highest values of WUE were observed, with irrigation depths corresponding to a range from 51 to 68% of ETc.

Download Full-text

Greenhouse irrigation water depths in relation to rose stem and bud qualities

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162001000300004 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 465-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marcos Vinícius Folegatti ◽

Edivaldo Casarini ◽

Flávio Favaro Blanco

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Pan Evaporation ◽

Flower Production ◽

Special Place ◽

The Rose ◽

Water Depths

The cultivation of roses occupies a special place in the flower production of Brazil, the concern with the quality of the buds being intimately related with the appropriate supply of water and nutrients to the plant. With the objective of evaluating stem and bud quality the rose variety 'Osiana' was cultivated in a greenhouse using different irrigation water depths based on fractions of pan evaporation (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25). The experimental design consisted of total randomized blocks with five replications and five treatments. There is a linear tendency of increasing the length and diameter of the stems and the length and diameter of the buds with increasing irrigation water depths.

Download Full-text

QUALITY OF IRRIGATED APPLES IN THE SEMIARID REGION OF THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252017v30n324rc ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 760-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

CÍNTIA PATRÍCIA MARTINS DE OLIVEIRA ◽

WELSON LIMA SIMÕES ◽

JOSÉ ALIÇANDRO BEZERRA SILVA ◽

PAULO ROBERTO COELHO LOPES ◽

JOSTON SIMÃO ASSIS

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Organoleptic Characteristics ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

Water Depths

ABSTRACT The great solar radiation in the Brazilian semiarid region, combined with an adequate irrigation management, favors fruit production and quality of crops that were adapted to this region. The objective of this work was to evaluate the fruit quality of two apple cultivars grown in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley under different irrigation water depths. A complete randomized block experimental design in a split -plot arrangement with five replications was used. The plots consisted of four irrigation water depths (ID) (60, 80, 100 and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration - ETo), the subplots consisted of two apple cultivars (C) (Julieta and Princesa) and the sub-subplots consisted of fruit positions in the tree canopies (FP) (east and west sides). The soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pulp firmness (PF) and fresh weight (FW) of the fruits were evaluated. The factors evaluated showed no triple interaction between the evaluated factors, however, the SS and TA were significantly affected by them; the interaction between ID and C significantly affected the PF; the interaction between ID and FP significantly affected the PF, SS/TA ratio and FW; and the interaction between C and FP significantly affected the SS/TA ratio. The increase in water depth increased the fruit size of both cultivars, without compromising the post-harvest quality. The cultivar Princesa presented the best results regarding SS, TA, PF and FW, however, both cultivars had organoleptic characteristics within the recommended standards for commercialization. The fruits harvested on the west side presented better post-harvest quality.

Download Full-text

REPOSIÇÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO E INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS FOLIARES EM CULTIVARES DE FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2018v23n4p697-712 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 697-712

Author(s):

Taynara Tuany Borges Valeriano ◽

Ana Flávia Oliveira ◽

Márcio José Santana ◽

Isaias Antônio de Paiva ◽

Daniel Rufino Amaral

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Soil Water ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Foliar Diseases ◽

Bean Crop ◽

Water Depths

REPOSIÇÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO E INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS FOLIARES EM CULTIVARES DE FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) TAYNARA TUANY BORGES VALERIANO1; ANA FLÁVIA OLIVEIRA2; MÁRCIO JOSÉ DE SANTANA3; ISAÍAS ANTONIO DE PAIVA4 E DANIEL RUFINO AMARAL5 1 Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, S/N, Vila Industrial – CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil, [email protected]; 2 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000, Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790, Uberaba-MG, Brasil, [email protected]; 3 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000, Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790, Uberaba-MG, Brasil, [email protected]; 4 Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê - CEP:80035-050, Curitiba-PR, Brasil, [email protected]; 5 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000 - Bairro: Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790 – Uberaba-MG, [email protected]. 1 RESUMO A incidência de doenças foliares é um dos principais fatores que interferem na produtividade, e está diretamente relacionada com as lâminas de água aplicadas na cultura do feijoeiro. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito das reposições de água no solo sobre a incidência de doenças foliares em cultivares de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). O experimento foi conduzido em uma casa de vegetação, localizada no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM Campus - Uberaba). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições, disposto em um esquema fatorial 2x5, sendo duas cultivares: IAC Imperador e IPR Juriti, cinco reposições de água no solo, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% e 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), e cinco repetições. As doenças avaliadas foram crestamento bacteriano e mancha de alternaria, no intervalo de 10 dias. O manejo da irrigação a 100% e 120% de ETc registraram maior severidade de mancha de alternaria e crestamento bacteriano comum para cultivar IPR Juriti. Houve um aumento linear e quadrático da AACPD para crestamento bacteriano comum e mancha de alternaria, respectivamente, com aumento das lâminas de irrigação. As maiores médias de produtividade do feijoeiro, assim como a maior eficiência do uso da água (EUA) foram obtidas com a lâmina de 80% da ETc. Palavras-chave: fitopatologia, crestamento bacteriano, mancha de alternaria, evapotranspiração. VALERIANO, T. T. B.; OLIVEIRA, A. F.; SANTANA, M. J. de; PAIVA, I. A., AMARAL, D. R. WATER REPLENISHMENT ON SOIL AND IMPACT OF FOLIARY DISEASES ON FEIJOEIRO CULTIVARS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 2 ABSTRACT The incidence of foliar diseases is one of the main factors that interfere with yield and is directly related to the water depths applied in bean crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of soil water replenishment on foliar diseases incommon bean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at the Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM Campus - Uberaba). The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications, arranged in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, two cultivars, IAC Imperador and IPR Juriti, five replenishments of soil water, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and 120% of crop evapotranspiration, and five water replacements. Diseases evaluated were common bacterial blight and alternaria spot in the 10-day interval. The irrigation management was carried out by the method of percolating water collection drains. Depth corresponding to 100% and 120% ETC showed higher severity of alternaria and common bacterial blight to cultivar IPR Juriti. There was linear and quadratic increase of ASCPD for common bacterial blight and alternaria spot, respectively, with increased depth. The highest productivity values of common bean, as well as greater efficiency in water use, were obtained with depth of approximately 80% of the ETC. Keywords: plant pathology, bacterial blight, alternaria spot, evapotranspiration.

Download Full-text

Productive characteristics of banana genotypes submitted to different irrigation water depths under Cerrado conditions

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2351 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2351

Author(s):

Luciana Borges e Silva ◽

Jorge Luís do Nascimento ◽

Ronaldo Veloso Naves ◽

Juracy Rocha Braga Filho ◽

Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Depth ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Fruit Length ◽

Water Depths ◽

Fruit Diameter

Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETpc) composed the plots and three genotypes (‘FHIA 18’, ‘Grande-Naine’, and ‘Prata’) the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar ‘FHIA 18’, differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes ‘Grande-Naine’ and ‘Prata’, an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype ‘Prata’, the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype ‘Prata’ increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Grande-Naine’.

Download Full-text