scholarly journals Therapeutic approaches for deaf children at intervention centers in Chile’s metropolitan region: access to health and education

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-323
Author(s):  
Mario Bustos Rubilar ◽  
Eduardo Fuentes-López ◽  
Patricia Castro Abarca

ABSTRACT Aim: to characterize the health or education centers that work with deaf children from an early age. Methods: a survey of those in charge of centers for people with hearing loss (N=5), special schools for the deaf (N=3) and hospitals in which therapeutic intervention for people with hearing impairments (N=6) was carried out in Santiago, Chile in 2014. It consulted the characteristics of the people attended, the intervention method used at each center and information about the professionals making up each team of workers. In addition, information was compiled about whether the institution had inclusion programmes for normal or special education. Results: the majority of the institutions indicated that they had an oral focus or a variation on this. Only one used the bilingual intercultural model and another indicated that did not use oral models. The results varied concerning access to education and even to professionals, at centers of the same kind. Conclusion: the majority of the institutions indicated that they worked using the oral intervention methodology, providing fewer options for the early inclusion of bilingual intercultural education or other intervention methodologies.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Debby A Daulay ◽  
Rizqi Chairiyah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penerimaan diri ibu tiri yang memiliki anak tunarungu. Status ibu tiri yang umumnya memiliki penilaian negatif di masyarakat membuat ibu tiri membutuhkan proses adaptasi lebih, untuk pada akhirnya mampu menerima status diri, keadaan keluarga maupun kondisi anak tirinya yang mengalami ketunarunguan. Anak tuna rungu, dengan segala keterbatasan yang dimiliki khususnya dari segi bahasa dan lisan sudah barang tentu membutuhkan perhatian ‗ekstra‘ baik dari orang tua ataupun orang-orang disekitar yang turut berperan dalam proses pengasuhannya. Berkaitan dengan sejumlah kompleksitas dalam menyandang status sebagai ibu tiri yang harus mengasuh anak dengan kondisi tuna rungu, maka akan menjadi sangat menarik untuk melihat gambaran dinamika dari proses penerimaan diri ibu tiri tersebut. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori penerimaan diri dari Jersild (1963). Penerimaan diri adalah derajat dimana individu memiliki kesadaran terhadap karakteristiknya, sehingga diharapkan ia mampu dan bersedia untuk hidup dengan karakteristik tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus intrinsik. Melibatkan 2 orang partisipan dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan partisipan berdasarkan theory-based operational construct sampling. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua partisipan memiliki penerimaan diri yang baik terhadap statusnya sebagai ibu tiri.Dalam hal ini, pemikiran positif dan realistik ternyata memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap proses penerimaan diri pada partisipan 1 maupun partisipan 2 berjalan secara lebih baik. Partisipan 1 telah menerima status dirinya sebagai ibu tiri yang memiliki anak tunarungu dan mampu menjalani kesepuluh aspek penerimaaan diri dengan baik. Tidak jauh berbeda, partisipan 2 juga telah memiliki penerimaan diri yang baik terhadap statusnya sebagai ibu tiri dan mampu menjalani kesembilan aspek penerimaan diri dengan baik. Adapun aspek yang tidak terpenuhi pada partisipan 2 yaitu ‗penerimaan yang baik dari orang lain‘. Partisipan 2 belum bisa menerima dan menganggap anak tirinya yang tunarungu sebagai anaknya sendiri, dikarenakan faktor-faktor eksternal yang dalam hal ini adalah perilaku kasar dari anak tirinya tersebut serta adanya penolakan dari ibu mertua terhadap dirinya.   This study aimed to describe the self-acceptance of stepmothers who have deaf children. The status of stepmothers who generally have negative judgments in the community makes stepmothers need more adaptation processes, in order to finally be able to accept self-status, family circumstances, and the condition of their stepchildren who experience phlegm. Deaf children, with all the limitations possessed, especially in terms of language and oral, of course require the attention of 'extras' both from parents or the people around them who play a role in the care process. Regarding the complexity in carrying out status as a stepmother to care for children with hearing impairments, it will be very interesting to see the dynamic picture of the stepmother's self-acceptance process. The theory used in this research was Jersild's self-acceptance theory (1963). Self-acceptance is the degree to which an individual has an awareness of his characteristics, so he is expected to be able and willing to live with these characteristics. This study used a qualitative research method with an intrinsic case study approach. Involved 2 participants using participant taking techniques based on theory-based operational construct sampling. The data collection techniques used in this research were the interview and observation method. The results showed that both participants had good self-acceptance of their status as stepmothers. In this case, positive and realistic thinking turned out to have a big influence on the process of self-acceptance in participant 1 and participant 2 to run well. Participant 1 had accepted her status as a stepmother who has deaf children and was able to undergo the ten aspects of self-acceptance well. Not much different, participant 2 also had good self-acceptance of her status as a stepmother and was able to undergo all nine aspects of self-acceptance well. The aspect that was not fulfilled in participant 2 was "good acceptance from others". Participant 2 had not been able to accept and assume that her stepson is deaf as his own child, because of external factors in this case was the rude behavior of her stepson and the rejection of her mother-in-law against her.


1969 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 687-694
Author(s):  
Robert M. Anderson ◽  
Godfrey D. Stevens

Information including epidemiological data from 6 residential schools for the deaf was collected. It included data relative to prevalence, classification, and nomenclature; numbers and kinds of disabilities in addition to deafness and mental retardation; and estimations of projected grade level expectancy for mentally retarded deaf children. A total of 304 (19 percent of the pupil population) pupils with an IQ of below 83 were enrolled in these schools; 132 of these children were classified as mentally retarded. Seventy-three children were reported to have one or more disabilities in addition to deafness and mental retardation. A mean grade level expectancy of 4.3 was predicted for 117 of the children.


Author(s):  
Jamie L. McCartney

Most deaf children in the United States are not educated in specialized schools for the deaf but in public schools. This has had a detrimental effect on these students because many public-school teachers misunderstand deafness and are unable to adjust their teaching strategies to address the needs of this population. The mission of this chapter is to educate teachers on deafness and how to better teach and relate to a child who is deaf or hard of hearing. Specifically, this chapter will provide pertinent information for helping teachers better understand deaf and hard-of-hearing students as well as provide evidence-based practices and teaching tips that can be utilized in the classroom with this group.


2019 ◽  
pp. 120-144
Author(s):  
Catherine A. O’Brien

This chapter explores the relationship between culturally responsive school leadership and school culture in schools for the deaf. The author demonstrates how Deaf culture, identity, and culturally responsive school leadership intertwine and influence each other. This chapter reports on observations of and interviews with leaders in six schools for the deaf in the United States. Many current school leaders serving Deaf children lack knowledge and understanding of Deaf culture and Deaf identity. Culturally responsive leaders in the schools for the deaf that were studied were almost all part of Deaf culture. If school leaders are to better meet the needs deaf students’ education and identity development, they must recognize the students’ cultures and identities. The author makes a plea for better equipping potential principals and other leaders of schools for the deaf.


2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Santos ◽  
Irina Kislaya ◽  
Liliana Antunes ◽  
Ana João Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Rodrigues ◽  
...  

Introduction: Diabetes is a major public health problem and it is related to socioeconomic factors. The aim of this study is to describe socioeconomic inequalities in the distribution of diabetes in the population with 25 years or more, resident in Portugal in 2014.Material and Methods: Data from the Health National Survey 2014 was analysed, n = 16 786. We estimated the prevalence of diabetes in the population and stratified by socioeconomic variables namely educational level and income. The extent of socioeconomic inequalities was assessed using concentration index and the relative index of inequality.Results: Diabetes was found to be concentrated among the people with lower educational levels (concentration index = -0.26) and lower income quintiles (concentration index = -0.14). Relative index of inequality also showed a lower degree of inequality among the most educated (0,20; CI 95% = [0,12; 0,32]) and with higher income (0,59; CI 95% = [0,48; 0,74]).Discussion: Distribution of diabetes is associated with education and income. Previous studies have shown that although income might reflect lifestyle patterns, education reflects better social factors that are important for establishing healthier behaviours. Also, the National Health Service, of universal coverage and free of charge, might have contributed to reduce inequalities in the access to health by those with the lowest income.Conclusion: Supporting ‘Health in All Policies’ might reduce inequalities, namely by improving population educational level and actions that promote health literacy.


1998 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Bob Kolsters

Schools for the deaf in the Netherlands are currently looking for ways of converting their current education into bilingual education. The first language of prelingual deaf children in the Netherlands is Sign Language of the Netherlands (SLN); their second language is Dutch. In the first part of the thesis, the bilingual situation of prelingual deaf children is examined with the help of a theoretical framework designed by J. Cummins and a model designed by J. Kurvers. Cummins' theoretical framework takes a thorough look at language development in different bilingual situations. Kurvers' model examines the different ways for bilingual people to obtain literacy. Both theories support the view that in order to stimulate development of the first and the second language, sign language should be the language of instruction in schools for the deaf as well as the language in which prelingual deaf children obtain literacy. Since this implies the use of a notation system for sign language in deaf education, the second part of the thesis deals with the design of a prototype of an educational method that stimulates metalinguistic knowledge with the help of such a notation system.


Population ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 772
Author(s):  
A. C. ◽  
Louis B. Schlivek ◽  
Robert C. Weaver

2017 ◽  
Vol LXXVIII (4) ◽  
pp. 262-276
Author(s):  
Magdalena Olempska-Wysocka

Task-related educational sensitivity in students with hearing impairments Task-related educational sensitivity forms the structural basis of the educational sensitivity model. It is a category that covers detailed information on the child's psychophysical development. It includes various tasks that the child performs during the educational process. The task performance level shows the child's educational sensitivity in different areas. Task-related educational sensitivity includes 35 areas of child functioning and is based on observable activities. Their level shows the student's resources, skills, abilities, knowledge and experience. The study covered 74 children with severe and profound hearing impairments starting elementary school. It was conducted in integrated and special schools in central Poland in the first semester. It aimed to determine the level of task-related educational sensitivity in students with hearing impairments starting elementary school. Thanks to the study, it is possible to know which areas are developed to the largest and smallest extent, which makes it possible to appropriately orient rehabilitation and therapeutic interventions for students with hearing impairments.


2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada E Aghaji ◽  
Richard Bowman ◽  
Vincent C Ofoegbu ◽  
Andrew Smith

In a cross-sectional study to determine the magnitude of dual sensory impairment (DSI-combined hearing and vision loss) in children in single-disability special education schools, children in schools for the blind and schools for the deaf in four states in South-East Nigeria were examined by an ophthalmologist and otorhinolaryngologist to determine the level of their disability and to identify other disabilities if any. Participants were all students with childhood blindness or childhood deafness. The magnitude and causes of DSI and the burden of undetected DSI were the main outcome measures. A total of 273 students were examined. About 7% of these students had DSI out of which over 60% (12/19) was previously undetected. There was more DSI in the blind schools than in the deaf schools (p=0.003). There is a large burden of undetected DSI in children in special schools in Nigeria. There is a need to create awareness of this problem and advocate appropriate screening, rehabilitative and educational strategies for children who have it.


2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
DILEK CINDOGLU ◽  
IBRAHIM SIRKECI

The extent and quality of prenatal care are important for the health of women and their babies. Recent studies suggest that women lack adequate prenatal care in contemporary Turkey. This paper uses regression models to examine the major factors impacting on the access of women to prenatal care through the 1993 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey. The findings suggest that after controlling for class, ethnicity does not explain the likelihood of a woman’s access to prenatal care, partly because the predominant patriarchal ideology in Turkey determines women’s access to education, which in turn determines their access to prenatal care. It can be argued that unless women’s socioeconomic status in the family improves, their access to health care in general and prenatal care in particular will not increase significantly.


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