scholarly journals Knowledge translation: translating research into policy and practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Donszelmann Oelke ◽  
Maria Alice Dias da Silva Lima ◽  
Aline Marques Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Health Services Delivery ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Reflective Study

Objective: This paper provides a theoretical-reflective study of knowledge translation concepts and their implementation processes for using research evidence in policy and practice.Results: The process of translating research into practice is iterative and dynamic, with fluid boundaries between knowledge creation and action development. Knowledge translation focuses on co-creating knowledge with stakeholders and sharing that knowledge to ensure uptake of relevant research to facilitate informed decisions and changes in policy, practice, and health services delivery. In Brazil, many challenges exist in implementing knowledge translation: lack of awareness, lack of partnerships between researchers and knowledge-users, and low research budgets.Conclusions: An emphasis on knowledge translation has the potential to positively impact health outcomes. Future research in Brazil is needed to study approaches to improve the uptake of research results in the Brazilian context.

scholarly journals Challenging the Reductionism of “Evidence-Based” Youth Justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1735
Author(s):  
Stephen Case
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Integral Means ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Policy Practice

The generation of empirical evidence to explain offending by children and young people has been a central driver of criminological and sociological research for more than two centuries. Across the international field of youth justice, empirical research evidence has become an integral means of complementing and extending the knowledge and understanding of offending offered by the official enquiries and data collection of professional stakeholders and an essential tool for informing ‘evidence-based’ policy, practice and ‘effective intervention’. However, it will be argued that the hegemonic empirical evidence-base created by youth justice research over the past two decades has been generated through methodological reductionism - the oversimplification of complexity, the restriction of conceptual lens and the relative exclusion of competing explanatory paradigms and empirical methodologies, which in turn, has reduced the scope and validity of the policy and practice recommendations derived from it.

scholarly journals New Models of Emergency Prehospital Care That Avoid Unnecessary Conveyance to Emergency Department: Translation of Research Evidence into Practice?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Anne Snooks ◽  
Mark Rhys Kingston ◽  
Rebecca Elizabeth Anthony ◽  
Ian Trevor Russell
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Prehospital Emergency Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
A Value ◽  
New Models ◽  
Prehospital Emergency

Background. Achieving knowledge translation in healthcare is growing in importance but methods to capture impact of research are not well developed. We present an attempt to capture impact of a programme of research in prehospital emergency care, aiming to inform the development of EMS models of care that avoid, when appropriate, conveyance of patients to hospital for immediate care.Methods. We describe the programme and its dissemination, present examples of its influence on policy and practice, internationally, and analyse routine UK statistics to determine whether conveyance practice has changed.Results. The programme comprises eight research studies, to a value of >£4 m. Findings have been disseminated through 18 published papers, cited 274 times in academic journals. We describe examples of how evidence has been put into practice, including new models of care in Canada and Australia. Routine statistics in England show that, alongside rising demand, conveyance rates have fallen from 90% to 58% over a 12-year period, 2,721 million fewer journeys, with publication of key studies 2003–2008.Comment. We have set out the rationale, key features, and impact on practice of a programme of publicly funded research. We describe evidence of knowledge translation, whilst recognising limitations in methods for capturing impact.

scholarly journals The use of the environmental scan in health services delivery research: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Charlton ◽  
Shelley Doucet ◽  
Rima Azar ◽  
Daniel A Nagel ◽  
Leah Boulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Services Delivery ◽  
Environmental Scan ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Services Delivery

IntroductionThe environmental scan has been described as an important tool to inform decision-making on policy, planning and programme development in the healthcare sector. Despite the wide adoption of environmental scans, there is no consensus on a working definition within the health services delivery context and methodological guidance on the design and implementation of this approach is lacking in the literature. The objectives of this study are to map the extent, range and nature of evidence that describe the definitions, characteristics, conceptualisations, theoretical underpinnings, study limitations and other features of the environmental scan in the health services delivery literature and to propose a working definition specific to this context.Methods and analysisThis protocol describes a scoping review based on the methodology outlined by Khalil and colleagues. A comprehensive search strategy was developed by experienced health science librarians in consultation with the research team. A Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) was completed. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles and select studies meeting the inclusion criteria from seven electronic databases: Academic Search Premier, Canadian Business & Current Affairs (CBCA), CINAHL, ERIC, Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO. The grey literature and reference lists of included articles will also be searched. The data will be analysed and presented in tabular format, and will include a descriptive numerical summary as well as a qualitative thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol provides an audit trail for a scoping review that will advance understanding about the environmental scan and its application in the health services delivery context. The review will propose a working definition and will inform future research to explore the development of a conceptual framework in this context. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentations. The scoping review does not require ethics approval.

Systematic Research Synthesis to Inform Policy, Practice and Democratic Debate

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gough ◽  
Diana Elbourne
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Democratic Debate

Issues surrounding the role and provision of evidence to inform policy and practice have become topical and problematic. The context of these controversies is discussed, with particular emphasis on systematic approaches to synthesising research evidence. We contrast the ‘positivist’ emphasis with interpretative qualitative synthesis, and suggest that many of the viewpoints have become unnecessarily and unhelpfully polarised. The methods for systematic research syntheses will vary as they depend on the question being asked. The process is transparent, allowing readers to see how conclusions have been reached, and forms the basis of reviews which can be updated to help provide sustainable and relevant evidence.

How do Educators of Students With Disabilities in Specialist Settings Understand and Apply the Australian Curriculum Framework?

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Walker ◽  
Karyn L. Carson ◽  
Jane M. Jarvis ◽  
Julie M. McMillan ◽  
Anna G. Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Student ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Australian Curriculum ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Inclusive Curriculum ◽  
Primary Basis

Despite aspirations to be a world-class national curriculum, the Australian Curriculum (AC) has been criticised as ‘manifestly deficient’ (Australian Government Department of Education and Training, 2014 p. 5) as an inclusive curriculum, failing to meet the needs of all students with disabilities (SWD) and their teachers. There is a need for research into the daily attempts of educators to navigate the tension between a ‘top-down’ system-wide curriculum and a ‘bottom-up’ regard for individual student needs, with a view to informing both policy and practice. This article is the first of two research papers in which we report the findings from a national online Research in Special Education (RISE) Australian Curriculum Survey of special educators in special schools, classes, and units regarding their experience using the AC to plan for and teach SWD. Survey results indicated (a) inconsistent use of the AC as the primary basis for developing learning objectives and designing learning experiences, (b) infrequent use of the achievement standards to support assessment and reporting, and (c) considerable supplementation of the AC from other resources when educating SWD. Overall, participants expressed a lack of confidence in translating the AC framework into a meaningful curriculum for SWD. Implications for policy, practice, and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Past, present and future challenges in health care priority setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Hall ◽  
Iestyn Williams ◽  
Neale Smith ◽  
Marthe Gold ◽  
Joanna Coast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Health Care Priority Setting

Purpose Current conditions have intensified the need for health systems to engage in the difficult task of priority setting. As the search for a “magic bullet” is replaced by an appreciation for the interplay between evidence, interests, culture, and outcomes, progress in relation to these dimensions requires assessment of achievements to date and identification of areas where knowledge and practice require attention most urgently. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach An international survey was administered to experts in the area of priority setting. The survey consisted of open-ended questions focusing on notable achievements, policy and practice challenges, and areas for future research in the discipline of priority setting. It was administered online between February and March of 2015. Findings “Decision-making frameworks” and “Engagement” were the two most frequently mentioned notable achievements. “Priority setting in practice” and “Awareness and education” were the two most frequently mentioned policy and practical challenges. “Priority setting in practice” and “Engagement” were the two most frequently mentioned areas in need of future research. Research limitations/implications Sampling bias toward more developed countries. Future study could use findings to create a more concise version to distribute more broadly. Practical implications Globally, these findings could be used as a platform for discussion and decision making related to policy, practice, and research in this area. Originality/value Whilst this study reaffirmed the continued importance of many longstanding themes in the priority setting literature, it is possible to also discern clear shifts in emphasis as the discipline progresses in response to new challenges.

The Interplay of Developing Morality and Gender Attitudes

2020 ◽  
pp. 724-745
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Bigler ◽  
Lynn S. Liben
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Behavior

Morality and gender are intersecting realms of human thought and behavior. Reasoning and action at their intersection (e.g., views of women’s rights legislation) carry important consequences for societies, communities, and individual lives. In this chapter, the authors argue that children’s developing views of morality and gender reciprocally shape one another in important and underexplored ways. The chapter begins with a brief history of psychological theory and research at the intersection of morality and gender and suggests reasons for the historical failure to view gender attitudes through moral lenses. The authors then describe reasons for expecting morality to play an important role in shaping children’s developing gender attitudes and, reciprocally, for gender attitudes to play an important role in shaping children’s developing moral values. The authors next illustrate the importance and relevance of these ideas by discussing two topics at the center of contentious debate in the United States concerning ethical policy and practice: treatment of gender nonconformity and gender-segregated schooling. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals A gold mine, but still no Klondike: Nordic register data in health inequalities research

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 618-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjetil A. Van Der Wel ◽  
Olof Östergren ◽  
Olle Lundberg ◽  
Kaarina Korhonen ◽  
Pekka Martikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Acquisition Processes

Aims: Future research on health inequality relies on data that cover life-course exposure, different birth cohorts and variation in policy contexts. Nordic register data have long been celebrated as a ‘gold mine’ for research, and fulfil many of these criteria. However, access to and use of such data are hampered by a number of hurdles and bottlenecks. We present and discuss the experiences of an ongoing Nordic consortium from the process of acquiring register data on socio-economic conditions and health in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Methods: We compare experiences of data-acquisition processes from a researcher’s perspective in the four countries and discuss the comparability of register data and the modes of collaboration available to researchers, given the prevailing ethical and legal restrictions. Results: The application processes we experienced were time-consuming, and decision structures were often fragmented. We found substantial variation between the countries in terms of processing times, costs and the administrative burden of the researcher. Concerned agencies differed in policy and practice which influenced both how and when data were delivered. These discrepancies present a challenge to comparative research. Conclusions: We conclude that there are few signs of harmonisation, as called for by previous policy documents and research papers. Ethical vetting needs to be centralised both within and between countries in order to improve data access. Institutional factors that seem to facilitate access to register data at the national level include single storage environments for health and social data, simplified ethical vetting and user guidance.

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