scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS UNDER MECHANICAL INJURIES CAUSED BY COMBINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
FÁBIO PALCZEWSKI PACHECO ◽  
LÚCIA HELENA PEREIRA NÓBREGA ◽  
GISLAINE PICOLLO DE LIMA ◽  
MÁRCIA SANTORUM ◽  
WALTER BOLLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Tangential Flow ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Cylinder Rotation ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT: The mechanical harvesting causes injuries on seeds and may affect their quality. Different threshing mechanisms and their adjustments may also affect the intensity of impacts that machines cause on seeds. So, this study aimed at diagnosing and evaluating the effect of two combines: the first one with a threshing system of axial flow and the other one with a threshing system of tangential flow, under adjustments of concave opening (10 mm, 30 mm and 10 mm for a combine with axial flow and 3.0 mm, 15 mm and 3.0 mm for a combine with tangential flow) and three cylinder rotations on the quality of soybean seeds harvested at two moisture contents. Soybean seeds of cultivar 'ND 4910' were harvested at 16.6% moisture (mid-morning) and 13.7% moisture in the afternoon. The seeds quality was evaluated by germination tests, germination speed index (GSI), germination rate, moisture content, percentage of purity and vigor by tetrazolium test. Despite the combine, the results showed that the mechanical injury has most reduced seeds quality, at 16.6% moisture content, concave opening of 30 mm (axial) and 10 mm (tangential) and cylinder rotation of 1100 rpm (axial) and 1000 (tangential), both with the highest rotations used. The combine with tangential flow had the highest degree of seeds purity. When seeds moisture content at harvest was close to 13.7%, there was the highest seed injury, while, at 16.6%, there was the highest number of crushed soybeans, regardless the combine adjustment.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS IN ORTHIC QUARTZARENIC NEOSOIL OF THE CERRADO REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES ◽  
GUSTAVO MARTINS ZAQUEU ◽  
ERIC FABIANO SERAGUZI ◽  
AGUINALDO JOSÉ FREITAS LEAL ◽  
JOSUÉ BISPO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Scheme Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sowing periods in production, productivity component and physiological quality of seeds of three soybean cultivars (TMG133RR, P98Y70RR and NS7670RR) in Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoil in the cerrado region. The design used was a randomized block a factorial scheme design with four repetitions, and each plot with useful space consisted of three rows of four meters length, spaced at 0.45 meters. Field evaluations were the final stand, the height of the plants, height of the first pod insertion, the mass of 100 seeds and productivity. Already in the lab seeds were evaluated for germination and vigor (first germination count, emergency, emergence speed index, length and dry mass of the aerial part of the plant and roots, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and tetrazolium test). It concludes that it is possible to use Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoils, located in the Cerrado region at altitudes higher than 600 m, in years and places with good water distribution in the spring-summer seasons, for grain and soybeans production, but as a first goal, the crop should be sown in the first 20 days of November otherwise it should take place in early December.

scholarly journals Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 2937-2950
Author(s):  
Paloma Helena da Silva Libório ◽  
◽  
Ivana Marino Bárbaro-Torneli ◽  
Marco Antonio Nogueira ◽  
Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Sand Box ◽  
Physiological Quality

The success of the soybean crop depends on the physiological quality of seeds, which can be favored by beneficial microorganisms, however, it may be impaired by unfavorable environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds obtained in the 2017/2018 crop season, from a field trial involving 23 cultivars submitted to co-inoculation (in-furrow) or without coinoculation. Plants were assessed for nodulation at R1 and, after harvest at R8, seeds were assessed for concentration of proteins, mass of thousand seeds, and seed physiological quality [(Germination, emergence of seedlings in sand, and Emergence Speed Index (ESI)]. In the average of cultivars, the number of nodules per plant increased from 36.0 in the control to 44.4 nodules with co-inoculation. Increases in the concentration of proteins and in the mass of thousand seeds due to co-inoculation were 5.6% and 34.7%, respectively. Seeds originated from co-inoculated plants had higher germination rate at the first (50% vs. 45.3%) and at the final (87% vs. 79.8%) countings, in addition to higher rate of seedlings emergence in sand box (83.3% vs. 80%), and higher ESI (18.5 vs. 17.4). The benefits of coinoculation were observed in 17 of 23 cultivars (74%) for at least two of the seven assessed variables. Considering only the minimal germination of 80%, the seeds originated from 10 non-inoculated cultivars could not be used, whereas for the co-inoculated plants this number fell to four.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled and stored in different packages

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zirvaldo Z. Virgolino ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Douglas N. Gonçalves ◽  
Kaique A. F. Marçal ◽  
Juliana de F. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Kraft Paper ◽  
Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT The aeration of seeds with artificially cooled air and their storage in big-bag packages aim to lengthen the shelf life while maintaining the quality. Thus, the objective was to study the effects of cooling before storage on germination and vigor of soybean seeds stored in trifoliate kraft paper bag and big bag in non-air-conditioned environment. Seeds of soybean cultivar NA 7337 RR were mechanically harvested in March 2013, holding an average moisture content of 18% w.b. In June, 16,000 kg of seeds were processed and cooled to 18 °C. Equal amount of non-cooled seeds was used as a control. Equally divided in kraft paper and in big bags, and combining cooling and packaging, the seeds were stored for three months and analyzed for moisture content, germination and vigor. Cooling to room temperature and different packaging types had similar effects on seed quality. Big bags packing showed better efficiency in retaining the moisture content of cooled seeds. No direct effects of cooling could be identified prior to storage on the germination and vigor of soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Physiological performance of açai seeds (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) stored with different moisture contents and treated with fungicide

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Maria Espíndola Lima ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Oscar José Smiderle ◽  
André Vitor Carvalho Lousado ◽  
Maria Laene Moreira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Tetrazolium Test ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

Abstract: The expansion of açai production has increased the importance of management of seeds used for replanting or expanding the plantation areas. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of açai seeds with different moisture contents, treated or untreated with fungicide, and stored for 180 days. The seeds were divided into three moisture levels (35%, 30% and 20%), and with or without fungicide treatment, with four storage evaluation periods (0, 60, 120 and 180 days). They were packed in plastic bags and kept in natural environment. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a 3 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme (moisture contents x treated or untreated with fungicide x period of evaluation), with four replications of 50 seeds each. The following tests were conducted: moisture content, germination, tetrazolium test, seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed and X-ray. Açai seeds with 35% and 30% moisture contents treated with fungicide showed a better physiological quality in relation to the untreated ones. Storage longer than 120 days reduced seed germination to values below 50%, regardless of whether they were treated or not with fungicide, although the reduction was greater in untreated seeds. The fungicide treatment is efficient in controlling fungi in açai seeds with 30% and 20% moisture content for up to 180 days of storage, and in seeds with 35% moisture content for up to 60 days of storage.

scholarly journals The effect of drying temperatures and storage of seeds on the growth of soybean seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Pedro Hartmann Filho ◽  
André Luís Duarte Goneli ◽  
Tathiana Elisa Masetto ◽  
Elton Aparecido Siqueira Martins ◽  
Guilherme Cardoso Oba
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
And Storage

Abstract: Drying of seeds reduces their moisture content to levels appropriate for storage. However, care in the temperatures applied in the process is necessary to avoid damage to the seeds that are dried. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different drying temperatures and storage on the growth of soybean seedlings. Harvested with a moisture content of approximately 23% (w.b.), the seeds were dried at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C) until reaching moisture content of 12.5 ± 0.7% (w.b.), and they were subsequently stored for 180 days in an environment without climate control. A germination test and evaluations of seedling performance were carried out every 45 days, determining the full length of the seedling and hypocotyl and root lengths, along with their respective dry matter weights. The results showed that: a) the increase in the temperature of drying air affects the physiological quality of soybean seeds, and this effect is accentuated over time, especially on root length; and b) the air temperature of 40 °C can be recommended for drying of soybean seeds in association with the storage time of 180 days under storage conditions without climate control.

scholarly journals Reduction in the period for evaluation of the physiological quality of newly harvested black oat seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Camila Ribeiro de Souza Grzybowski ◽  
Renato Farinacio ◽  
Maristela Panobianco
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Oat Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Sowing Season ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Abstract: Black oat seeds exhibit dormancy when newly harvested, which is normally broken in the interval between harvest and the sowing season. Dormancy, however, becomes a limiting factor in the estimate of the physiological quality of the seeds soon after harvest, requiring the use of methods for breaking dormancy, which delays making decisions in regard to the destination of seed lots. Given this situation, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of reducing the period for obtaining results in the germination test of newly harvested black oat seeds, studying variations on the recommended methods for breaking dormancy. Five seed lots of newly harvested seeds of cultivar IAPAR 61 (Ibiporã) were used, for which the following determinations were done: moisture content, germination test, and tetrazolium test. The following methods were tested for breaking dormancy: pre-cooling at 5 - 10 ºC for three and five days; and pre-drying at 33 ºC for five and seven days. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that there is the possibility of reducing the period recommended for estimating the germination of newly harvested black oat seeds through the use of pre-drying of the seeds for five days or of pre-cooling for three days.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological quality of soybean seeds at three speeds of the harvester

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla S. S. Paixão ◽  
Camila P. Chrispin ◽  
Rouverson P. da Silva ◽  
Lucas A. S. Girio ◽  
Murilo A. Voltarelli
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Statistical Process Control ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Displacement Speed ◽  
Cylinder Rotation ◽  
Temperature Water

ABSTRACT The mechanized harvesting of soybean is a fundamental tool in the production process of this crop and, if not performed properly, it can result in severe mechanical damage to the seeds, causing significant losses at harvest, particularly due to reduced quality. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of soybean seeds at three speeds of the harvester, using statistical process control. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Conceição das Alagoas, MG, Brazil, with three travel speeds: 4.5, 5.0 and 5.5 km h-1. The seed samples were collected at 20 min intervals for 3 h of operation, with a total of 9 samples for each speed. The evaluations were performed based on the following parameters: grain temperature, water content, concave opening, cylinder rotation, mechanical damage and electrical conductivity. The physical and physiological quality of the seeds was dependent on the displacement speed of machine. The highest speed led to lower mechanical damage and higher vigor of soybean seeds.

Physiological quality of soybean seeds coming from cultivation with application of biostimulant

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Amanda Ribeiro Peres ◽  
◽  
Claudinei Kappes ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Marco Eustáquio de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

Effect of intermittent drying on the energy consumption and physiological quality of soybean seeds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Andressa Bissaro ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Defendi ◽  
Lucas Caiubi Pereira ◽  
Alessandro Lucca Braccini ◽  
Diogo Francisco Rossoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals Effects of Macronutrients in the Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Geliandro Anhaia Rigo ◽  
Luis Osmar Braga Schuch ◽  
Willian Silva Barros ◽  
Rodrigo Lamaison de Vargas ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Program ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The aim of this work was to correlate macronutrient content of soybean seeds to physiological quality of different cultivars. The work was developed in the Federal University of Pelotas, in the facilities of the Seed Science and Technology Graduate Program. The experimental design was randomized blocks in arranged in four replicates. The following soybean cultivars were used: BMX Apolo RR (12 lots), BMX Ativa RR (13 lots), BMX Energia RR (26 lots), BMX Força RR (24 lots), BMX Impacto RR (35 lots), BMX Magna RR (16 lots), BMX Turbo RR (44 lots), BMX Potência RR (82 lots) and NA 5909 RR (28 lots), with seeds produced in northwest Rio Grande do Sul. The determination of nutritional contents found in plant tissues of soybean seeds, were measured: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sulfur (S). The macronutrient contents of the seeds vary according to genetic characteristics of the cultivars, with higher oscillations of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur contents present in soybean seeds. Potassium and calcium are defined as the most stable nutrients for the cultivars and seed lots analyzed. High concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium are determinants for the physiological quality of soybean seeds.

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