PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITY OF DESICCATED AND STORED AZUKI BEAN SEEDS

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of using different herbicides as desiccants in pre-harvest and the effects of storage on the physiological and sanitary quality of azuki bean seeds (Vigna angularis Willd). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design in a split plot scheme, with four replications. Four herbicides were tested: paraquat (400 g a.i. ha-1), glufosinate ammonium (400 g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate (720 g a.i. ha-1), flumioxazin (30 g a.i. ha-1) and a control without herbicide application. In the subplots seed quality was tested in two evaluation periods: at harvest and six months after harvest. Desiccant was applied when the azuki beans were physiologically mature. We assessed the physiological and sanitary quality of the seeds using a vigour and seed health test. The use of glyphosate resulted in a higher incidence of abnormal seedlings and reduced size and weight of the seedlings. With paraquat and flumioxazin the physiological quality was maintained and there was reduced pathogen infestation in the seeds six months after harvest. Storage affected the physiological quality of the azuki bean seeds.

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Quality of adzuki bean seeds desiccated with flumioxazin and subjected to storage

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico ◽

10.1590/1808-1657000862018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

Author(s):

Cássio Jardim Tavares ◽

Morgana Soares Sousa ◽

Marco Antonio Moreira de Freitas ◽

Juliana de Fátima Sales ◽

Osvaldo Resende ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Adzuki Bean ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Evaluation Time ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

And Storage

ABSTRACT Production and storage environments influence the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the herbicide flumioxazin applied as a preharvest desiccant and storage on the physiological and sanitary quality of adzuki bean seeds. A randomized block design was used in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. Plots consisted of five doses of the herbicide flumioxazin (20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 g ai·ha-1) and subplots consisted of two evaluation times (harvest and six months after harvest). Two controls, with no herbicide application, were tested for each evaluation time. The physiological seed quality was maintained with doses from 25 to 35 g·ha-1 of flumioxazin. Increasing herbicide doses reduced the electrical conductivity of seeds. The increased doses also reduced the percentage of normal seedlings in the first germination count after six months of storage and caused seedling vigor loss. The storage of adzuki bean for six months reduced its physiological quality, leading to losses in germination and seed vigor. Storage and increasing doses of the desiccant flumioxazin reduced the incidence of the pathogens Rhizopus, Cladosporium, and Fusarium in the seeds. The increased doses of this herbicide reduced Aspergillus incidence. Penicillium incidence was not affected by treatments.

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Plant spacing and pollen quantity on yield and quality of squash seeds

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362003000300005 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 443-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Márcio S. de Lima ◽

Antonio I. I. Cardoso ◽

Marcelo F. Verdial

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Pollen Quantity

Squash seeds yield and quality can be improved by proper population plant spacing and the pollen quantity, which influences the pollination quality and fertilization. Nine experiments were conducted as a factorial combination of three spacing between plants (0.8 x 0.3, 0.8 x 0.6 and 0.8 x 0.9 m), two quantities of pollen (50% of an anther and another entire one) and natural insect pollination. Seed and fruit production parameters, and seed quality were evaluated. A randomized complete block design, five replications, with ten plants per plot was adopted. Larger plant spacing increased the average number of mature fruits and seed yield per plant. Seed yield was directly proportional to the amount of pollen used during pollination. Higher amounts of pollen resulted in higher seed yield per area, but the plant spacing did not affect this characteristic. Manual pollination, using a whole anther, did not differ from natural pollination in relation to seed yield and quality.

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Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000200019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽

Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽

Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽

Thaís de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

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Assessing the Response of Sesame to Inorganic and Organic Nutrient Sources

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n1p108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Paul Anguria ◽

George N. Chemining’wa ◽

Richard N. Onwonga ◽

Michael A. Ugen

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Finger Millet ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Sesame (Sesamum indicum. L) is one of the main sources of livelihoods in northern Uganda. However, its production is constrained by low soil fertility and moisture levels. A study was conducted at Serere, Uganda in 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effect of organo-mineral fertilizers on growth, seed yield and nutritional quality of sesame. The design of the experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments comprised: control (no soil amendment), mixtures of 4 crop residues each at (3 and 6 t/ha) and two rates of N, P and K. Finger millet husks (3 t/ha) plus lower fertilizer rate (30 kg N-25 kg P-40 Kg K/ha) had significantly higher seed yield of sesame; while finger millet husks (6 t/ha) plus higher fertilizer rate (60 kg N-50 kg P-80 Kg K/ha) significantly increased vegetative growth of sesame. Finger millet husks (6 t/ha) plus lower fertilizer rate had significantly higher seed crude protein content of sesame; while cowpea husks (3 t/ha) plus higher fertilizer rate and groundnut shells (3 t/ha) plus lower fertilizer rate produced significantly higher seed total ash and seed oil content of sesame, respectively. This study has demonstrated that application of a mixture of crop residues and inorganic fertilizers is the best treatment in enhancing growth, seed yield and nutritional seed quality of sesame.

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Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds after desiccation with different herbicides

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n3172506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 254-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fábio Henrique Krenchinski ◽

Victor José Salomão Cesco ◽

Danilo Morilha Rodrigues ◽

Vinicius Gabriel Caneppele Pereira ◽

Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Some desiccation techniques for harvesting wheat may affect seed quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different desiccant herbicides applied to the wheat crop and their effects on the production and seed quality. The experiment was conducted with cultivar COODETEC 150 (CD 150) in two sites in Palotina (Paraná state, Brazil) with a randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments (desiccation herbicides) and 4 replications. Desiccation was realized when 50% of the plants were in stage 80 with seeds in powdery or mass consistency. The variables analyzed were percentage of moisture content after harvest, Yield, hectoliter weight, mass of 100 seeds, vigor, germination, fresh mass of seedlings, dry mass of seedlings and root length. The herbicides carfentrazone-ethyl and clethodim were the ones that promoted greatest reduction in vigor. The herbicide paraquat caused reduction in seedling length. There was a reduction in the mass of 100 seeds for glufosinate-ammonium, clethodim, diquat and carfentrazone-ethyl. Glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim and diquat caused reduction in yield. Desiccation of Cultivar CD 150 at stage 80 is not recommended, since plant Yield and physiological seed parameters were adversely affected by herbicides.

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The response of Stecklings Age and Plant Spacing on Carrot Seed Quality and Production

Journal of Tropical Horticulture ◽

10.33089/jthort.v3i2.53 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Fatiani Manik ◽

Rasiska Tarigan ◽

Susilawati Barus

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Field Trial ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Carrot Seed

The quality of seed needs to be considered in carrot seed production to maintain its productivity. The research aims to find out the response of stecklings age and plant spacing on carrot seed quality and production. This research was held on July 2018 – April 2019 in Berastagi field trial (1340 m MSL). The experiment used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors, i.e., stecklings age (2 and 3 months) and plant spacing (25, 50, 75, and 100 cm), replicated four times (32 experiment units), 10 plants from each experiment units were taken as samples. The result showed that stecklings age and plant spacing were affected to plant vegetative and generative stages. The combination of 2-month stecklings and 50 cm plant spacing increased the number of secondary umble, if compared to cultivation, which was generally used by the farmer (3-month stecklings and 25 cm plant spacing). The best quality of carrot seed was obtained from the combination of 3-month stecklings and 50 cm plant spacing.

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Physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Cecília Brustolini Rosado ◽

Gustavo Antônio Mendes Pereira ◽

Nayara Pereira Capobiango ◽

Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira ◽

Francisco Cláudio Lopes Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Primary Root ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Bean Crop

ABSTRACT: The application of desiccant herbicides in the bean crop is fundamental in the production of quality seeds, since it anticipates the harvesting season, which makes it possible to obtain seeds in the period of physiological maturation, when they are reported with maximum accumulation of dry matter, high vigor levels and germination percentage. However, there is little information about the ideal application time of these products to obtain beans of high physiological quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides at different times in preharvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x3+1 factorial scheme, with four replications. Desiccant herbicides paraquat (400g ha-1) and paraquat + diuron (200 + 400g ha-1) were applied in three phenological stages (R8, R8/R9 and R9), plus one control (without herbicide application). Yield (Kg ha-1), mass of one thousand seeds (g), germination (%) and seed vigor were evaluated through tests of accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and primary root length. Application of paraquat molecule at the R8 stage and the paraquat + diuron mixture at the R8/R9 stage reduced the viability and vigor of the bean seeds, and compromised yield. Applications of the paraquat herbicide at the R8/R9 and R9 stages or of the mixture (paraquat + diuron) at the R9 stage preserved the physiological quality of the seeds without;however, affecting yield.

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Combined Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatment on Rice Seed Physiological and Sanitary Quality

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n15p106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 106

Author(s):

Alana Emanoele Pereira ◽

Weliton Lucas da Silva Benites ◽

Luana de Carvalho Catelan ◽

Ana Paula Silva ◽

Nadia Graciele Krohn

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Water Control ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Seed Health ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Rice Seeds

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of integrated biological and chemical control of pathogens in rice seeds and their effects on seed quality. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 5 factorial completely randomized design. Fungicide-treated (carboxin/thiram) and untreated rice seeds were inoculated with distilled water (control), Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, or Trichoderma harzianum. Seed vigor and viability, shoot and root length, and seedling dry weight were determined. The blotter test was carried out to assess seed health. Fungicide treatment improved seed vigor and viability and reduced the incidence of fungi. Biological treatment did not enhance the physiological quality of seeds but was able to control fungi. A. brasilense, B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum controlled Phoma sorghina; B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum were effective against Aspergillus flavus; P. fluorescens and T. harzianum controlled Pyricularia oryzae; and T. harzianum was effective against Gerlachia oryzae.

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Foliar fungicide and environments on the physiological quality of oat seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372014000100002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 15-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eliege Aparecida de Paiva Oliveira ◽

Claudemir Zucareli ◽

Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca ◽

José Carlos de Oliveira ◽

Alberto Sérgio do Rego Barros

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Oat Seeds ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Foliar Fungicide

The oat crop is of great economic importance and seed production depends on several factors (biotic and abiotic) that can alter its quality. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of oat seeds produced with and without application of foliar fungicide in contrasting environments. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial 6x2 (cultivar x fungicide) for each site, with four replications. The physiological quality of seeds was evaluated by grain yield, germination, first count, accelerated aging, moisture content after accelerated aging, seedling length, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity and seedling emergence in field. Data were subjected to joint and individual analysis of variance, and means were compared by Tukey’s test at 5%. Grain yield in Mauá da Serra is superior to Londrina, Parana State - Brazil, but the seed quality is lower, although all cultivars have shown germination above 90% in the two cultivation sites. Cultivars FAEM 6 DILMASUL and UPFA OURO showed no disease, indicating possible resistance. The application of the product has a beneficial effect on seed germination and vigor, even in the absence of disease.

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Effect of chemical treatment on the physiological and sanitary quality of stored coffee seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v43237239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda Carvalho Penido ◽

Vitor Oliveira Rodrigues ◽

Marcos Vinícios de Carvalho ◽

Levi Suzigan Krepischi ◽

Cristiane Carvalho Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Treatment ◽

Coffea Arabica ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Storage Fungi ◽

Seed Health ◽

Health Quality ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Emergence Percentage

Abstract: Maintaining the health of coffee seeds is especially important during storage, as soil fungi and storage fungi can considerably reduce seed quality. Thus, chemical treatments for protection of seeds in storage becomes important in agricultural production. It is necessary to evaluate the effects of these treatments on seedling development and the protection they provide against storage fungi, aiming at seed longevity and preventing rapid deterioration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemical treatment on the physiological and sanitary quality of stored coffee seeds. Seeds of five Coffea arabica cultivars were pre-dried, treated with Vitavax®-Thiram, and placed in cold storage at 10 °C for nine months. Seed physiological quality was evaluated every three months by the germination test and by determination of root emergence percentage, seedlings with expanded cotyledonary leaves, and seedling dry matter. Seed health quality was assessed by the health test. The chemical treatment with Vitavax-Thiram does not affect the physiological quality of stored Coffea arabica seeds. Seed treatment before storage is effective in reducing the inoculum potential of Fusarium spp. and Phoma spp. in coffee seeds.

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