scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND EARLY SELECTION OF SILK BLOSSOM ( CALOTROPIS PROCERA ) GENOTYPES WITH FORAGE POTENTIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 794-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISAIAS VITORINO BATISTA DE ALMEIDA ◽  
DIOGO GONÇALVES NEDER ◽  
FABIANE RABELO DA COSTA BATISTA ◽  
WELLISON FILGUEIRAS DUTRA
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize and select silk blossom genotypes (Calotropis procera) with forage potential. Between April and July 2014, we cultivated 89 genotypes in plastic tubes arranged in a randomized block design with three replications; each experimental plot was composed of 8 plants. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), total leaf area (TLA), leaf fresh mass (LFM), stem fresh mass (SFM), root fresh mass (RFM), leaf dry mass (LDM), stem dry mass (SDM), and root dry mass (RDM). Significant differences (p < 0.05) among genotypes were observed for all characteristics, except for NL at 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) and for RFM at 60 DAS. Broad-sense heritability estimates and genotype means had medium and high values for most characteristics. Genetic variability among C. procera genotypes was observed. High gain selection was found for the characteristics TLA, PH, SFM, LFM, SDM, and LDM as the genotypes 79, 65, 48, 12, 51, 35, 63, 25, 1, and 46 are suitable for future breeding works to improve forage production.

scholarly journals Intercropping of sorghum with Paiaguas palisadegrass in a crop-livestock integration system for pasture recovery

2020 ◽  
pp. 1072-1080
Author(s):  
Charles Barbosa Santos ◽  
Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
Wender Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Alessandro Guerra da Silva ◽  
Victor Costa e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Sorghum Grain

Intercropping systems have become an interesting alternative for grain and forage production because they are sustainable systems that reduce carbon emissions in degraded pasture areas. However, few studies have used forage species recently introduced into the market, and more studies that assess the performances of these species in integrated systems are needed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of intercropped sorghum and Paiaguas palisadegrass (including the species name) in a crop-livestock integration system for pasture recovery. The field experiment was conducted in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, using a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of the following forage systems: monocropping of sorghum, monocropping of Paiaguas palisadegrass, row intercropping of sorghum with Paiaguas palisadegrass, interrow intercropping of sorghum with Paiaguas palisadegrass and intercropping of sorghum with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass. To obtain a desired population of 240,000 plants ha-1, 12 seeds of sorghum and 5 kg of viable pure seeds of the forage species were planted per meter and hectare, respectively. The growth of Paiaguas palisadegrass in the same row as sorghum reduced the sorghum grain yield. The intercropping of sorghum with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass hindered the initial development of Paiaguas palisadegrass in terms of plant height and number of tillers due to shading, and this effect was reflected in the dry mass production. Row and interrow intercropping provided higher dry mass production without affecting the forage quality. Therefore, the interrow intercropping of sorghum with Paiaguas palisadegrass was found to be a promising agricultural technique for grain and forage production that could be used for the establishment of new pastures or pasture recovery.

scholarly journals Study of repeatability and phenotypical stabilization in kale using frequentist, Bayesian and bootstrap resampling approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42606
Author(s):  
Orlando Gonçalves Brito ◽  
Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Alcinei Mistico de Azevedo ◽  
Luan Mateus Silva Donato ◽  
Lidiane Rodrigues Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bootstrap Resampling ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bayesian Methodologies ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to obtain information for the genetic improvement of kale through repeatability and phenotypic stabilization studies and to compare methodologies that represent the reliability of the estimated parameters. Thirty-three half-sib progenies were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replicates and six plants per plot. Eight harvests were evaluated in terms of the yield of fresh leaves, number of shoots, number of leaves and average mass of leaves. Then, a phenotypic repeatability and stabilization study was performed, estimating the genetic parameters σ2a, σ²g, σ²e, and the coefficient of environmental variation and repeatability using the frequentist and Bayesian methodologies. To evaluate the reliability of these estimates, intervals were obtained using the frequentist, Bayesian and bootstrap methods. It was verified that the reliable selection of progenies of half-sib of kale can be achieved in four harvests that were realized between 95 and 170 days after planting. It was observed that the frequentist and Bayesian methodologies are better suited to obtain reliable estimates of the genetic parameters evaluated, as the last one provided smaller amplitudes for the obtained intervals. The bootstrap methodologies are not recommended for phenotypic repeatability and stabilization studies in kale.

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulators in heliconia ‘Red Opal’

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽  
Tiago Freitas Silva ◽  
Nazaré Suziane Soares
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth regulators with purpose of reducing the size of heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with five treatments (trinexapac-ethyl and paclobutrazol at rates of 37.5 and 75.0 mg of active ingredient per pot and control without growth regulator) and five replicates. The treatments were applied 40 days after planting the rhizomes in pots filled with soil. Thirty and 150 days after the growth regulator application, plant height, number of leaves and shoots, petioles length and leaf area were evaluated. One year after planting the rhizomes in pots the number of inflorescence and leaves (leaves, sheathing leaf bases and inflorescences) and rhizomes (rhizomes and roots) dry mass were determined. Trinexapac-ethyl had no differences compared to the control in any of the variables evaluated. Paclobutrazol proved effective in reducing plant height, leaf area and petiole length and increase in number of leaves and shoots but the effect was temporary. Also, it did not affect the inflorescences production and leaves and rhizomes dry mass. Paclobutrazol is efficient to promote height reduction and to increase the number of shoots in heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants without affect the inflorescence formation but its effects is temporary.

scholarly journals The production of Physalis spp. seedlings grown under different-colored shade nets

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Rafael Pio ◽  
Joyce Dória Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Paulyene Vieira Nogueira ◽  
Pedro Maranha Peche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of seedlings of Physalis L. species under different-colored shade nets. Four shade nets individually stained white, blue, red and black, all with 50% shading, were used in this study, and an additional  treatment (control) was used in which seedlings were grown in full sun. The study examined four species of Physalis, namely, P. peruviana, P. pubescens, P. minima and P. ixocarpa. The experiment followed a randomized block design with three blocks and 25 seeds per plot. The species were sown in styrofoam trays. Germination was monitored daily to calculate the Emergency Velocity Index (EVI) and stabilize the overall percentage of emergence. Height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area index and dry mass of seedlings were assessed at 50 days after sowing. The study found that these species react differently to changes in the light spectrum. Seedlings of P. peruviana should be grown under a white or red shade net; of P. pubescens under a white or black shade net; of P. minima under a white, red or black shade net; and of P. ixocarpa under a white shade net. For all species, 50% shade should be used. 

scholarly journals Environment and slow-release fertilizer in the production of Euterpe precatoria seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
Ueliton Oliveira de Almeida ◽  
Romeu de Carvalho Andrade Neto ◽  
Aureny Maria Pereira Lunz ◽  
Sônia Regina Nogueira ◽  
David Aquino da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

ABSTRACT Euterpe precatoria Mart. has been demanded due to the functional characteristics of its fruits and, therefore, its planting has been encouraged. However, there is a lack of information about the seedling production system of this palm tree. Neither a favorable environment nor the amount of fertilizer in the substrate have been defined for the production of healthy and vigorous seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of environments and doses of a slow-release fertilizer on the production of E. precatoria seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications and ten plants per plot. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, with four environments (under shading levels of 20 %, 30 %, 50 % and 75 %) and five doses of a slow-release fertilizer (0.0 kg m-3, 2.5 kg m-3, 5.0 kg m-3, 7.5 kg m-3 and 10.0 kg m-3 of substrate). The seedling height; root collar diameter; number of leaves; leaf, shoot, root and total dry mass; and the Dickson quality index were analyzed. There were significant interactions between the shaded environments and slow-release fertilizer doses for all the analyzed variables. The 75 %-shaded environment yielded better quality seedlings. The slow-release fertilizer can be used to produce E. precatoria seedlings in environments under shading levels of 50 % and 75 %, being the 4.60 kg m-3 and 8 kg m-3 doses, respectively, the most recommended ones.

scholarly journals Rocket plants in response to nitrogen concentration in nutrient solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique S Silva ◽  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Isaias dos S Reis ◽  
Carolina S Nascimento ◽  
Camila S Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the second most accumulated nutrient in rocket. This nutrient greatly affects growth, productivity and quality of the vegetable. Rocket is the second most widely grown leafy vegetable in hydroponic system; however, no studies on how N concentration in nutrient solution affects this crop can be found in literature. We studied four concentrations (79.2; 118.8; 158.4 and 237.6 mg L-1 of N) in a randomized block design with five replicates. Maximum number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass and productivity of rocket cv. ‘Folha larga’ were obtained with the highest N concentration. The rocket quality, evaluated by the nitrate content, was maximum with 210.2 mg L-1 of N and its value in the concentration which maximized productivity is in the acceptable range for vegetables; so, it is recommended to grow rocket with 237.6 mg L-1 of N in the nutrient solution.

scholarly journals Efeito da Inoculação de Azospirillum Brasilense em Plantas de Trigo Submetidas a Convivência com Azevém

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Jaqueline de Araújo Barbosa ◽  
Ivonei Perego ◽  
Claudia Tochetto ◽  
Neumarcio Vilanova da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A matocompetição limita o crescimento e o desenvolvimento da cultura do trigo. Porém, a inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas pode reduzir os efeitos da matocompetição. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense em sementes de trigo, e seus efeitos nos estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento, sendo submetidas em convivência com plantas de azevém. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, e esquema fatorial 2x3, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu a inoculação de sementes trigo com A. brasilense, e o segundo fator a três densidades populacionais de azevém (0, 25, 50). Avaliações foram realizadas nas plantas de trigo aos 18 e 34 dias após a emergência (DAE). Aos 18 DAE, na densidade de 50 plantas de azevém, as plantas de trigo inoculadas foram 30% maiores em altura. Houve redução no número de folhas, em que as plantas de trigo inoculadas apresentaram número de folhas 33% maior do que as não inoculadas, além de índice de SPAD 23% maior. Aos 34 DAE, na densidade de 50 plantas de azevém, houve aumento de 21% na altura das plantas de trigo, índice SPAD 13% maior, e área foliar 15% maior em relação às plantas não inoculadas. Apesar do aumento de 68% no acúmulo de massa seca, as plantas inoculadas não diferiram em biomassa em relação à testemunha, quando em matocompetição. Conclui-se que a inoculação com A. brasilense favorece a cultura do trigo em matocompetição até os 18 DAE, mas ao final de 34 DAE, não se observam efeitos satisfatórios. Palavras-chave: Diazotróficas. Lolium multiflorum. Matocompetição. Plantas Daninhas. AbstractThe weed competition limits the growth and development of the wheat crop. However, the inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria can reduce the effects of weed competition. The objective of this work was to evaluate the inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in seeds, and its effects in the early stages of development, and subjected to  coexistence with plants of azevém.  A completely randomized block design, and factorial 2x3, with four replications were used. The first factor corresponded to wheat seed inoculation with A. brasilense, and the second factor to three population densities of azevém (0, 25, 50). Evaluations were performed in wheat plants at 18 and 34 days after emergence (DAE). At 18 DAE, the density of 50 plants of azevém, the wheat plants inoculated were 30% greater in height. There was a reduction in the number of leaves, in which the wheat plants inoculated presented a number of sheets 33% higher than those not inoculated, in addition to SPAD index 23% higher. At 34 DAE, the density of 50 plants of azevém, there was an increase of 21% in the height of wheat plants, SPAD index 13% higher leaf area, and 15% higher than the non-inoculated plants. Despite the increase of 68% in the accumulation of dry mass, the inoculated plants did not differ in biomass in relation to the control , when in weed competition.  It is concluded that inoculation with A. brasilense favors wheat cultivation in weed competition up to 18 DAE, but at the end of 34 DAE, no satisfactory effects are observed. Keywords: Diazotrophic. Lolium multiflorum. Matocompetition. Weeds.  

scholarly journals N:K RATIO FOR PHENOLOGICAL GROWTH STAGES OF NET MELON CULTIVATED IN NFT HYDROPONIC SYSTEM1

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
CAMILA SENO NASCIMENTO ◽  
CAROLINA SENO NASCIMENTO ◽  
ARTHUR BERNARDES CECÍLIO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The adequate ratio in the supply of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) for each phenological growth stage of melon is fundamental for its growth and development with the maximization of the dry mass partition between the vegetative and reproductive parts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of N and K concentrations in two phenological growth stages (vegetative and reproductive stage) of melon and obtain the best N:K ratio for each one. In the first stage, four concentrations of N (8, 11, 14 and 17 mmol L-1) and two concentrations of K (4 and 5 mmol L-1) were evaluated in a randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with five replicates. In the second stage, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, the combinations of the two concentrations of N that generated the best characteristics in the previous stage and two concentrations of K (4.5 and 9.0 mmol L-1) were evaluated. The increase of the N concentration in the vegetative stage promoted the increase of the N, P and S content of leaves and the reduction of K, Ca and Mg. Moreover, it increased the number of leaves, the height of the plant (vertically tutored) and the leaf area. Therefore, 17:5 mmol L-1 was considered as the best N:K ratio for the vegetative stage. In the second stage, there was no effect of N and K concentrations on leaf area, yield and fruit quality. So, 14:4.5 mmol L-1 was considered as the best N:K ratio for the reproductive stage.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF STAR FRUIT ROOTSTOCKS FERTILIZED WITH DIFFERENT BORON DOSES

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Clariana Xavier ◽  
William Natale
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Star Fruit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Among the tropical fruits, star fruit stands out due to its flavor and nutritional properties. Nevertheless, the information on fertilization and nutrition of this fruit is still scarce. For this reason, this study aimed to assess the effect of different boron doses on star fruit rootstock growth. The experimental design was randomized block design, consisting of five treatments of boron application (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg dm−3) and four replications. Star fruit rootstock did not respond to boron doses applied to the substrate and hence it did not influence the parameters stem diameter, plant height, the number of leaves, dry mass of shoot, dry mass of roots, total dry mass, and Dickson quality index (DQI). A boron dose up to 4 mg dm−3 (800% of the recommended boron dose of 0.5 mg dm−3) did not produce symptoms of visual toxicity in the plant.

scholarly journals Qualidade de mudas de manga ‘Maranhão’ irrigadas com água salina e uso de biofertilizante bovino

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (44) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Sebastiana Joelma De Azevedo Santos ◽  
José Lucínio De Oliveira Freire ◽  
George Henrique Camêlo Guimarães ◽  
Tadeu Macryne Lima Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Organic Input ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Fresh Manure ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Formation Phase

The mango tree (var. Maranhão) is a fruit of great relevance in regions with semiarid climate. However, knowledge about the effect of salinity on seedling growth is still incipient. The seedling formation phase is of great importance for the establishment of vigorous plants in the field. Therefore, the research was conducted with the objective of evaluating the mango (var. Maranhão) seedlings irrigated with different saline levels in substrate with and without bovine biofertilizer. The experiment was installed in the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, Campus Picuí, in a randomized block design with four replications, in a 6 x 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to six levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0,5; 2,0; 3,5; 5,0; 6,5 and 8,0 dS m-1), on substrates without and with bovine biofertilizer. The substrate was obtained from a mixture of soil and part of bovine manure in a 2: 1 ratio. The bovine biofertilizer was obtained, 30 days before sowing, from the aerobic fermentation of fresh manure. The dry mass of the leaf was affected as a consequence of the increase of the salinity in the soil solution and, consequently, the decrease of the availability and the absorption of water. However, in the treatments with bovine biofertilizer, the leaf dry mass was significantly higher in relation to the soil without the organic input. It was verified that the differences between the values of the plants cultivated in substrates with biofertilizer surpassed those of plants cultivated in substrates without biofertilizer. It is concluded that the increase in saline levels of water used for irrigation impairs the growth of mango trees (var. Maranhão), mainly after 3,5 dS m -1 of electrical conductivity and that the use of the bovine liquid biofertilizer promotes the formation of seedlings of better quality, with higher growth and accumulation of dry mass.

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