scholarly journals Evaluation of common bean morphological traits identifies grain thickness directly correlated with cooking time

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Godoy dos Santos ◽  
Nerinéia Dalfollo Ribeiro ◽  
Sandra Maria Maziero
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Cooking Times

ABSTRACT The development of new common bean cultivars with grain characteristics that achieve greater acceptance by consumers and faster cooking time is a recent trend in bean breeding programs. This study aimed at evaluating whether different common bean lines exhibit differences in grain morphological traits and cooking time, investigating the linear relationships between these traits and cooking time, and selecting lines with superior grain commercial characteristics and faster cooking times. A randomized blocks design with three replications was used. Treatments consisted of 14 common bean genotypes grown during two seasons. Differences in the mass of 100 grains and grain length, width, thickness, shape, flatness, percentage of water uptake and cooking time were observed between lines. A high positive correlation was observed between grain thickness and cooking time (r = 0.9727). The path analysis revealed that grain thickness had the highest positive direct effect on cooking time (0.62). Therefore, fast-cooking common bean lines can be indirectly selected based on lower grain thicknesses. The DF 06-17 line presents fast-cooking grains with characteristics well accepted by the market and consumers.

scholarly journals Selection of common bean land cultivars based on agronomic performance, cooking time, and mineral concentration

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narielen Moreira de Morais ◽  
Nerinéia Dalfollo Ribeiro ◽  
Lindolfo Storck ◽  
Paulo Rogério Franco dos Santos ◽  
Micheli Thaise Della Flora Possobom
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Potential Use

The potential use of common bean land cultivars with respect to their agronomic performance, cooking time and nutritional quality has scarcely been evaluated in breeding programs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate 19 common bean land cultivars for their agronomic traits, cooking time, and mineral concentration in grains to identify cultivars for potential use by a higher number of farmers or even breeding programs. Two field experiments were conducted in Alegrete and Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, in the 2012/2013 season. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with three replications. A total of 23 cultivars were evaluated; 19 land cultivars were obtained from smallholder farmers from RS, and there were four control cultivars (Carioca, Pérola, Valente, and Guapo Brilhante). The traits evaluated included the cycle, insertion of the first pod, grain yield, cooking time, and concentrations of calcium, iron, zinc, and copper in the grains. The data were subjected to joint variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and the Z index. The common bean cultivars showed differences in the cycle, insertion of the first pod, grain yield, cooking time, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper concentrations in grains, and the Z index. The cultivars Preto Miúdo and Cavalo Rajado had a high grain yield, i.e., greater than 2,900 kg ha-1. The land cultivars were classified as having early and intermediate cycles, and all had cooking times less than 30 min. Palha Roxa, Carioca Vermelho, and Perdiz had high concentrations of calcium, iron, zinc, and copper in the grains, an intermediate cycle, and low grain yield. Positive correlations of moderate magnitude were observed between the calcium and iron (r= 0.597), iron and zinc (r= 0.570), and zinc and copper (r= 0.548) concentrations. Indirect selection for high iron or zinc concentrations in grains will be effective for obtaining common bean cultivars with a higher nutritional quality. A cross between Carioca Santa Maria and Guapo Brilhante cultivar is recommended to obtain segregants with high agronomic performance, fast cooking, and high minerals concentration of in the grains.

scholarly journals Similar Aggressiveness of Phenotypically and Genotypically Distinct Isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Lehner ◽  
R. C. Lima ◽  
J. E. S. Carneiro ◽  
T. J. Paula Júnior ◽  
R. F. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
High Variability ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Mycelial Compatibility ◽  
Ssr Loci

Understanding how Sclerotinia sclerotiorum aggressiveness varies among isolates may be useful for breeding programs aimed at developing common bean cultivars resistant to white mold. The aggressiveness of 20 S. sclerotiorum isolates collected in common bean fields from four Brazilian states was tested against two common bean genotypes (Pérola and A195) using two inoculation methods. The isolates were characterized using 10 microsatellite (SSR) loci, mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs), partial sequences of the oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase (OAH) gene, and morphological traits. Twenty SSR and seven OAH haplotypes, 10 MCGs, and high variability in colony morphology were found. One isolate was more aggressive when inoculated on plants of the genotype A195, but all other isolates had similar aggressiveness. Aggressiveness was not related with MCGs, SSR, OAH haplotypes, mycelial pigmentation, growth rate, or sclerotia production.

scholarly journals Culinary and nutritional quality of common bean lines with Carioca grain type and interaction with environments

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helton Santos Pereira ◽  
Renata Cristina Alvares ◽  
Leonardo Cunha Melo ◽  
Antônio Félix da Costa ◽  
Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to study the genetic variability and the interaction between genotypes and environments for cooking time and protein content of bean grains as well as to identify elite lines of Carioca grain type with short cooking time, high protein content and high adaptability and stability for these two traits. Sixteen experiments were conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications during the rainy, dry and winter seasons, in Goiás, Distrito Federal, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Paraná States, in 2009 and 2010. Each trial was composed by 16 elite lines of Carioca grain type and the data of cooking time and protein content were obtained. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and to stability and adaptability analysis, according to the methodology proposed by Annichiarico. Genetic variability was found for cooking time and for protein content among Carioca common bean elite lines; however, for protein content this variability is lower. The environmental effect is important for the expression of these traits and is larger than the genetic effect. The interaction between genotypes and environments is important for cooking time and for protein content of common beans. The lines CNFC 11951 and CNFC 11962 presents short cooking time, high protein content and high stability and adaptability for both traits.

Thermal Lethality of Salmonella in Chicken Leg Quarters Processed via an Air/Steam Impingement Oven

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. MURPHY ◽  
K. H. DRISCOLL ◽  
L. K. DUNCAN ◽  
T. OSAILI ◽  
J. A. MARCY
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Product Surface ◽  
Cooking Times

Chicken leg quarters were injected with 0.1 ml of the cocktail culture per cm2 of the product surface area to contain about 7 log(CFU/g) of Salmonella. The inoculated leg quarters were processed in an air/steam impingement oven at an air temperature of 232°C, an air velocity of 1.4 m/s, and a relative humidity of 43%. The endpoint product temperatures were correlated with the cooking times. A model was developed for pathogen thermal lethality up to 7 log(CFU/g) reductions of Salmonella in correlation to the product mass (140 to 540 g) and cooking time (5 to 35 min). The results from this study are useful for validating thermal lethality of pathogens in poultry products that are cooked via impingement ovens.

scholarly journals GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY IN 291 MAIZE LINES FROM CIMMYT AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION IN SOUTHERN CORDOBA, ARGENTINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
E.A. Rossi ◽  
M. Ruiz ◽  
M. Di Renzo ◽  
N.C. Bonamico
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

CIMMYT maize inbred lines (CMLs) are freely distributed to breeding programs around the world. Better information on phenotypic and genotypic diversity may provide guidance to breeders on how to use more efficiently the CMLs in their breeding programs. In this study a group of 291 CIMMYT maize inbred lines, was phenotyped by nine agro-morphological traits in south Córdoba, Argentina and genotyped using 18,082 SNPs. Based on the geographic information and the environmental adaptation, 291 CMLs were classified into eight subgroups. Anthesis-silking interval (IAE) was the trait with higher phenotypic diversity. A 40% of maize inbred lines, with IAE less than five days, show a good adaptation to growing conditions in south Córdoba, Argentina. The low phenotypic variation explained by environmental adaptation subgroups indicates that population structure is only a minor factor contributing to phenotypic diversity in this panel. Principal component analysis (ACP) allowed us to obtain phenotypic and genotypic orderings. Generalized procrustes analysis (APG) indicated a 60% consensus between both data type from the total panel of maize lines. In each environmental adaptation subgroup, the APG consensus was higher. This result, which might indicate linkage disequilibrium between SNPs markers and the genes controlling these agro-morphological traits, is promising and could be used as an initial tool in the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Information on genetic diversity, population structure and phenotypic diversity in local environments will help maize breeders to better understand how to use the current CIMMYT maize inbred lines group. Key words: broad-sense heritability, multivariate analysis, SNPs, agro-morphological traits.

scholarly journals Effects of Mutagens on Morphological traits of Psoralea corylifolia-A Medicinally Important Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajey Karan Chaudhari ◽  
Anand Prakash Singh ◽  
B R Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
Yield Quality

Mutation breeding like in other plants can significantly strengthen medicinal plants breeding programs and help to produce novel varieties with higher yield potential and improved yield quality. The dry and healthy seeds of P. corylifolia IC 111228 were subjected to mutagenic treatments namely ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA). The treatment concentrations 15mM, 30mM, 45mM and 60mM of EMS and 1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM of SA were chosen to evaluate the mutagenic potential in either case. The morphological traits were evaluated in M1 generation viz. plant height, days to flowering initiation, seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight. In EMS treatment 15 mM increased the plant height and seed yield, while in SA treatment 4 mM increased the seed yield/plant and 100-seed yield.

scholarly journals Association between agro-morphological traits in common bean under organic fertilization management in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sales Rocha Richardson ◽  
Euclides Pechara da Costa Jaeggi Mário ◽  
Martins Pereira Israel ◽  
Pureza da Cruz Derivaldo ◽  
Rodrigues Nascimento Maxwel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Organic Fertilization

Evaluation and genetic analysis of common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Dibatie and Mandura, Northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Gezahegn Tefera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Component Traits

Assessing and understanding the variations existing in crops due to genetic composition and environmental variability is very important in order to exploit the genetic constitution of crop plants. To this aim, variability measures such as phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) are commonly used. Heritability and genetic advance are major concerns for common bean to identify important traits for common bean genetic improvement. The field experiment was conducted at Mandura and Dibatie research substations working with sixteen genotypes of the common bean during 2017/2018 in lattice design with three replications to evaluate the performance of common bean genotypes and estimate the genetic variability. Heritability and genetic advance were estimated in relation to yield and its component traits for future breeding programs. Combined analysis of variance across locations revealed highly significant variations among genotypes for all traits under study. The PCV ranged from 3.36% for days to flowering to 15.91% for a number of pods per plant while the GCV value ranged from 0.75% for days to flowering to 13.74% for the number of pods per plant. Broad sense heritability values ranged from 5.00% for days to flowering to 84.61% for a hundred seed weight. Generally, the result of the study showed that significant genetic variability among tested genotypes and a simple selection for effective improvement of these traits. Keywords: common bean, genetic variability, genetic advance, heritability

scholarly journals Induction of seed coat darkening in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the association with cooking time after storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata C. Alvares ◽  
Helton S. Pereira ◽  
Leonardo C. Melo ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
Patrícia G. S. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Cooking Times

Carioca is the most important edible dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in Brazil. It represents the largest dry bean market class in the world. The seed coat of carioca beans will darken under adverse harvest conditions and with the increasing of storage time. In general, darkened seeds are associated with older seeds that suffer from prolonged cooking times. A relatively new ‘slow darkening’ trait is available in carioca that delays seed coat darkening under storage. However, its effect on cooking time is unknown. The objective of this work was to evaluate two induction methods of seed coat darkening and to examine the effect of slow darkening trait on cooking time after storage. Lines derived from four segregating populations resulting from crossings between cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola with slow seed coat darkening, and the parents BRS Estilo, BRS Cometa, BRS Notável and BRS Sublime with normal darkening were evaluated. An experiment inlcuding 220 lines, 55 per population and the five parents, in a 15x15 triple lattice was conducted in the winter growing season in Brasilia. Seed coat darkening and cooking time traits were evaluated. Two methods for inducing seed coat darkening were compared: an accelerated aging test using UV light for 72 hours, and an extended storage for 90 days under ambient conditions. The correlation between the induction methods ranged from 0.77 to 0.85 for the different populations indicating either method could be used to discriminate lines with normal versus slow darkening trait. The percentage of light-colored grain lines was identified by both induction methods of seed coat darkening ranged from 75 to 85.7% in the populations. The genetic correlation between seed coat darkening and cooking time varied from -0.06 to -0.48, indicating that in some populations there is no significant genetic correlation between seed coat darkening and cooking time. Thus, light colored grains are not indicative of low cooking time, when they are considered genotypes with genetic variation for the seed coat darkening.

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