scholarly journals Lei Municipal de Incentivo à Cultura: Quais os Efeitos Inclusivos e Democráticos na Produção Cultural Local?

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (97) ◽  
pp. 294-316
Author(s):  
Wescley Silva Xavier ◽  
Maria Aparecida Neves Azevedo Baldez

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the inclusive and democratic effects of municipal cultural incentives law in Cataguases, Minas Gerais, fundamentally considering the promotion of citizenship and identity preservation based on cultural production. Data were collected through non-structured interviews with Cataguases cultural producers and analyzed according to a Marxist notion of discourse. Our findings revealed that approved purposes lead to a form of centralization on cultural production at the local level, characterized by the concentration of resources on established groups and the detachment from historically marginalized groups. Moreover, this scenario is aggravated when complementary cultural actions are transferred to the city’s cultural foundations, reinforcing the distinctive character of culture.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (97) ◽  
pp. 294-316
Author(s):  
Wescley Silva Xavier ◽  
Maria Aparecida Neves Azevedo Baldez

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the inclusive and democratic effects of municipal cultural incentives law in Cataguases, Minas Gerais, fundamentally considering the promotion of citizenship and identity preservation based on cultural production. Data were collected through non-structured interviews with Cataguases cultural producers and analyzed according to a Marxist notion of discourse. Our findings revealed that approved purposes lead to a form of centralization on cultural production at the local level, characterized by the concentration of resources on established groups and the detachment from historically marginalized groups. Moreover, this scenario is aggravated when complementary cultural actions are transferred to the city’s cultural foundations, reinforcing the distinctive character of culture.


GEOgraphia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (47) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Raphael Fernando Diniz

Resumo: Ao longo das últimas décadas, os etnosaberes de culturas tradicionais têm sido objeto de inúmeros estudos em distintos campos científicos. Com frequência, os estudos realizados buscam levantar e analisar dados e informações a respeito dos múltiplos usos da biodiversidade, compreender as formas de classificação, domesticação e manipulação da fauna e da flora, assim como interpretar a complexa relação homem-natureza em suas diferentes dimensões, escalas espaço-temporais e significações culturais. Neste sentido, examinamos no presente artigo os etnosaberes relacionados aos usos de plantas, animais e insetos em práticas terapêuticas, mágico-ritualísticas e simbólico-culturais de comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Jequitinhonha mineiro. Para consecução desse objetivo, recorremos ao uso de uma metodologia essencialmente qualitativa, operacionalizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores e agricultoras quilombolas, caminhadas transversais e observações diretas nos quintais agroflorestais de seus estabelecimentos produtivos, além de registros iconográficos (fotografias e croquis) destes espaços e de seus cultivos. Por meio deste estudo, constatamos que os etnosaberes constituem uma importante expressão cultural da relação homem-natureza, das experiências espaço-temporais, interações sociais, costumes e cosmovisões dos membros das comunidades quilombolas, contribuindo para a manutenção dos processos de reprodução material e simbólico-cultural de suas famílias e coletividades e para a preservação da espaço-temporalidade da cultura afro-brasileira no Vale do Jequitinhonha mineiro.Palavras-chave: Saberes Tradicionais. Etnobotânica. Etnozoologia. Etnoentomologia. Plantas medicinais.  Ethnoknowledge and traditional afro-brazilian cultures: pharmacopoeia, magic and material and symbolic reproduction of quilombola communities of the Jequitinhonha Valley, state of Minas Gerais, BrazilAbstract: During the past several decades ethno-biological knowledge of traditional cultures has been an object of innumerous studies. Such studies often intend to take and analyse data pertaining to; the many uses of biodiversity, understanding the forms of classification and techniques of domestication and manipulation of fauna and flora, as well as, to interpret the complex relationship between man and nature in its different dimensions, spatio-temporal scales and cultural significances. Conforming to this tradition we examine in the following article ethno-biological knowledge related to the uses of plants, animals and insects in the therapeutical, magical and culturally-symbolic practises of the Quilombola communities of the Jequitinhonha Valley in Minas Gerais. To achieve our objective we relied upon the use of an essentially qualitative methodology carried out by means of semi-structured interviews with farmers and Quilombola farmers, cross-country hikes and direct observations from agro-florestal field cultivations, also documenting in the form of iconographic records (photographs and sketches) these spaces and their crops. Through this study we show that ethno-biological knowledge constitutes an important cultural expression of the relationship between man and nature, spatio-temporal experiences, social interactions, customs and worldviews of the members of Quilombola communities. This knowledge contributes to the maintenance of the processes of material and symbolic-cultural production of these families and collectives and thus aids in the preservation of the living afro-brazilian culture within the Jequitinhonha Valley of Minas Gerais.Keywords: Traditional knowledge. Ethnobotany. Ethnozoology. Ethnoentomology. Medicinal Plants.  Ethno-savoirs et cultures traditionnelles afro-brésiliennes: pharmacopée, magie et reproduction matérielle et symbolique des communautés quilombolas dans la Valée du Jequitinhonha, état de Minas Gerais, BrésilRésumé: Au cours des dernières décennies, les ethno-savoirs des cultures traditionnelles ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études dans les différents domaines scientifiques. Souvent, les études menées visent à collecter et analyser des données et des informations sur les multiples usages de la biodiversité ; à comprendre les formes de classification, de domestication et de manipulation de la faune et de la flore ; ainsi qu’à interpréter la relation complexe entre l’homme et la nature dans ses différentes dimensions, échelles spatio-temporelles et significations culturelles. Dans ce sens, nous examinons dans cet article les ethno-savoirs liés aux utilisations des plantes, des animaux et des insectes dans les pratiques thérapeutiques, magiques, rituelles, symboliques culturelles des communautés quilombolas dans la Vallée du Jequitinhonha, état de Minas Gerais, Brésil. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons eu recours à une méthodologie essentiellement qualitative, opérationnalisée à partir d’entretiens semi-structurés avec des agriculteurs et agricultrices quilombolas, des randonnées et des observations directes dans les systèmes agroforestiers dans les jardins de leurs exploitations agricoles, en plus des enregistrements iconographiques (photographies et croquis) de ces espaces et de leurs cultures agricoles. À travers cette étude, nous avons constaté que les ethno-savoirs constituent une expression culturelle importante de la relation homme-nature, des expériences spatio-temporelles, des interactions sociales, des coutumes et des visions du monde des membres des communautés quilombolas, contribuant au maintien des processus de reproduction matérielle et symbolique de leurs familles et communautés et à la préservation de l’espace-temporalité de la culture afro-brésilienne dans la Valée du Jequitinhonha.Mots-clé: Savoirs traditionnels. Ethnobotanique. Ethnozoologie. Ethnoentomologie. Plantes médicinales.


1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Fellipe Afonso de Azevedo ◽  
Noé D’jalma Araújo ◽  
Néliton Célio de Novais ◽  
José Vítor da Silva ◽  
Renato Augusto Passos

RESUMOObjetivo: o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os significados de morte emergentes das equipes de enfermagem que atuam nas unidades de Pronto Socorro e Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) em uma entidade de médio porte situada no Sul de Minas Gerais. Materiais e métodos: estudo de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritivo, de campo e transversal. A amostra estudada foi composta de oito enfermeiros, 22 técnicos e quatro auxiliares de enfermagem, totalizando 34 profissionais, sendo utilizado o instrumento de caracterização pessoal e profissional da equipe de enfermagem e o roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. A amostragem foi proposital. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista semiestruturada, gravada e transcrita. As diretrizes metodológicas do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo foram utilizadas para a seleção das ideias centrais e expressões-chave correspondentes, a partir das quais foram extraídos os discursos dos sujeitos, no cenário da instituição hospitalar. Resultados e Discussão: ao analisar o tema “significados de morte”, obtiveram-se as seguintes ideias centrais: “passagem”, “diversos significados”, “fim da vida” e “fim e começo de outra vida”. Conclusão: As concepções acerca do tema morte para os profissionais participantes deste trabalho reforça a necessidade de estudos sobre o tema durante a formação acadêmica. Certos de que irão vivenciar este tipo de situação no dia-a-dia profissional, é preciso prepará-los psicologicamente para isso.Palavras-chave: Morte, Equipe de enfermagem, Assistência ao paciente.ABSTRACTObjective: This study aimed to identify the meanings of emerging death of the nursing staff working in the Emergency Units and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in a medium-sized entity located in southern Minas Gerais. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional qualitative field research. The sample was composed of 8 nurses, 22 technicians and 4 nursing assistants, totaling 34 professionals. It was used a tool of personal and professional characterization of the nursing team and a semi-structured interview. Sampling was intentional. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, that were recorded and transcribed. The methodological guidelines of the Collective Subject Speech were used for the selection of the central ideas and corresponding key expressions, from which the speeches of the subjects were taken, in the hospital setting. Results and discussion: to examine the topic "death meanings" yielded the following core ideas: "pass", "different meanings", "end of life" and "end and beginning of another life." Conclusion: The conceptions about the death theme for the professional participants of this study reinforces the need for studies on the subject during their academic training. It is certain that they will experience this type of situation on their daily professional routine, therefore there is a need to prepare them psychologically for this.Keywords: Death, Nursing staff, Patient care.


2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. L. Pinto ◽  
L. M. O. Morais ◽  
A. Q. Guimarães ◽  
E. D. Almada ◽  
P. M. Barbosa ◽  
...  

Abstract Local knowledge of biodiversity has been applied in support of research focused on utilizing and management of natural resources and promotion of conservation. Among these resources, Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) is important as a source of income and food for communities living in the Cerrado biome. In Pontinha, a “quilombola” community, which is located in the central region of State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, an ethnoecological study about Pequi was conducted to support initiatives for generating income for this community. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and crossing. The most relevant uses of Pequi were family food (97%), soap production (67%), oil production (37%), medical treatments (17%), and trade (3%). Bees were the floral visitors with the highest Salience Index (S=0.639). Among frugivores that feed on unfallen fruits, birds showed a higher Salience (S=0.359) and among frugivores who use fallen fruits insects were the most important (S=0.574). Borers (folivorous caterpillars) that attack trunks and roots were the most common pests cited. According to the respondents, young individuals of Pequi are the most affected by fire due to their smaller size and thinner bark. Recognition of the cultural and ecological importance of Pequi has mobilized the community, which has shown interest in incorporating this species as an alternative source of income.


Revista Foco ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Tadeu Cerri ◽  
Carolina Machado Saraiva de Albuquerque Maranhão ◽  
Jussara Jéssica Pereira

Este trabalho de cunho qualitativo se propôs compreender como se entrelaçam as racionalidades substantiva e instrumental no cotidiano dos gestores de primeira linha de uma multinacional e alguns funcionários de alto escalão de um órgão público na região do quadrilátero ferrífero em Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da entrevista semiestruturada, que foram gravadas, transcritas e posteriormente analisadas via Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2006). A base teórica que fomentou as análises foram os trabalhos de Guerreiro Ramos (1981) e Maurício Serva (1996). Diante disso foi possível identificar 11 rubricas previstas por Serva (1996), entendidas nas análises como unidades de sentido; estas foram classificadas por proporção conforme sua aparição nos relatos; são elas: valores e objetivos, satisfação individual, reflexão, controle, tomada de decisão, divisão do trabalho, hierarquia e normas, conflito, ação social, relações interpessoais e dimensão simbólica. A presença da racionalidade instrumental ainda é latente no cotidiano analisado, sendo necessária alguma evolução para que esse modelo reificado do ser humano se altere. Todavia, tal pesquisa se mostra relevante, pois permitiu verificar uma manifestação considerável da racionalidade substantiva em um ambiente supostamente instrumental. This qualitative study was proposed to understand how the substantive and instrumental rationalities are interwoven in the daily life of first-line managers of a multinational and some high-ranking officials from a public agency in the iron quadrilateral region of Minas Gerais. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed and analyzed through Bardin Content Analysis (2006). A theoretical basis that fostered as analyzes were the works of Guerreiro Ramos (1981) and Maurício Serva (1996). Thus, it was possible to identify 11 items predicted by Serva (1996), understood in the analyzes as units of meaning; These were classified by proportion according to their appearance in the reports; are they: values and objectives, individual satisfaction, reflection, control, decision making, division of labor, hierarchy and norms, conflict, social action, interpersonal relations and symbolic dimension. The presence of instrumental rationality is still latent in the daily analyzed, and some evolution is necessary for this reified model of the human being to change. However, such research is relevant because it has allowed us to verify a considerable manifestation of substantive rationality in a supposedly instrumental environment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossi Allan Silva ◽  
José Aldo Alves Pereira ◽  
Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante Alves

Landscapes are formed by physical elements of material order and abstract elements of immaterial order, so their management and planning should consider these two aspects. Aiming to understand the landscapes of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, the appropriation by the actors who work in the landscape was identified and classified, and also its dynamics from 1973 to 2015. The research analyzed the current landscape and its historical evolution, distinguishing material and immaterial dimensions, from field trips, soil types, relief, slope, drainage, conservation units, administrative zoning, urban areas, natural resources, transport and building infrastructure, satellite images, and semi-structured interviews. As a result, a map with the landscape units and their subunits, which have distinct characteristics, with their proper settings was obtained. The landscape has continuous boundaries with various operating scales, posing a major challenge for its proper management. The number of generated ecosystem services are difficult to measure, but its benefits are used by everyone. The dynamics of the landscape has been shaped by a slow evolution, set by mining activities, including revegetation areas after clear cuts and currently the inclusion of tourism in certain regions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Maaß ◽  
Philipp Grundmann

Reusing wastewater in agriculture has attracted increasing attention as a strategy to support the transition towards the circular economy in the water and agriculture sector. As a consequence, there is great interest in solutions for governing the transactions and interdependences between the associated value chains. This paper explores the institutions and governance structures for coordinating transactions and interdependences between actors in linked value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. It aims to analyze how transactions and interdependences shape the governance structures for reusing wastewater at the local level. A transaction costs analysis based on data from semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire is applied to the agricultural wastewater reuse scheme of the Wastewater Association Braunschweig (Germany). The results show that different governance structures are needed to match with the different properties and requirements of the transactions and activities between linked value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. Interdependences resulting from transactions between wastewater providers and farmers increase the need for hybrid and hierarchical elements in the governance structures for wastewater reuse. The authors conclude that aligning governance structures with transactions and interdependences is key to efficiently governing transactions and interdependences between linked value chains in a circular economy.


Author(s):  
Koritha Mitchell

This book argues for a new reading practice. Rather than approach art and literature from marginalized groups as examples of protest or as responses to “dominant” culture, it demonstrates the power of reading through the lens of achievement, using case studies from black expressive culture. Even while bombarded with racist and sexist violence, African Americans remain focused on defining, redefining, and pursuing success. By examining canonical examples of black women’s cultural production, this study reveals how African Americans keep each other oriented toward accomplishment through an ongoing, multivalent community conversation. Analyzing widely taught and discussed works from the 1860s to the present (via Michelle Obama’s public persona), the book traces “homemade citizenship”—the result of practices of making-oneself-at-home, practices of affirming oneself while knowing violence will answer one’s achievements and assertions of belonging. The texts examined include Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861), Elizabeth Keckley’s Behind the Scenes; Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House (1868), Frances E. W. Harper’s Iola Leroy (1892), Pauline Hopkins’s Contending Forces (1900), Nella Larsen’s Quicksand (1928), Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun (1959), Alice Childress’s Wine in the Wilderness (1969), Octavia Butler’s Kindred (1979), Toni Morrison’s Beloved (1987), and Michelle Obama’s first lady persona. [220 of 225 words]


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Solveiga Zibaite ◽  
Pamela Andrews ◽  
Fiona McTaggart ◽  
Pauline McGuire ◽  
Scott Hill

IntroductionThe Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) conducts early health technology assessment (HTA) of new medicines. The advice is implemented at the local level by 14 Health Board Area Drug and Therapeutics Committees (ADTCs). The primary output is a published document, the Detailed Advice Document (DAD), which aims to describe the strengths and weaknesses of the evidence considered and the rationale for the decision. We examined how the DAD is being used to determine areas for improvement.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of SMC and ADTC members and formulary pharmacists, who are one of the key audiences. Interviews were recorded and transcribed using Microsoft Teams and coded in NVivo. The results were assessed via thematic analysis, which included major themes such as the structure and content of the DAD and its usefulness in supporting implementation of the advice from an ADTC perspective.ResultsFollowing initial interviews (n = 7), some early themes have emerged. The DAD is a valued tool describing the assessment of a medicine's clinical and cost effectiveness. The current length of the DADs and the technical language used can limit the accessibility of information, and there have been suggestions on how to improve the structure and content. Additional interviews are still being completed and full interview results (available early 2021) will be analyzed to identify key themes.ConclusionsThe DAD is the primary output of SMC's HTA process, which includes decisions on whether a medicine can be routinely prescribed in the National Health Service Scotland. DADs have increased in length over the years, reflecting the increasing complexity of new medicines and a corresponding increase in the size of pharmaceutical company submissions. The interviews conducted to date suggest that the DADs are highly regarded and support implementation of new medicines advice by the ADTC. The findings of this evaluation will lead to an action plan for improvement.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630512094327
Author(s):  
David B Nieborg ◽  
Brooke Erin Duffy ◽  
Thomas Poell

This introduction to the second special collection of articles on the platformization of the cultural industries foregrounds research methods and practices. Drawing from the 12 articles included in this collection, as well as the 14 articles published in the first collection, we identify commonalities in approaches, consistencies in traditions, and uniform modes of analysis. We argue that approaches that have been deployed in media industry studies for decades—semi-structured interviews, discourse analysis, content analysis, and participant observation—remain productive. At the same time, transformations in the temporalities and curation of cultural production require updated modes of investigation and analysis. As such, we spotlight contributors’ novel methods and innovative theoretical approaches, such as the walkthrough method and multi-sided market theory.


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