scholarly journals Cathepsin S as an early biomarker for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyendra Kumar Sonkar ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh ◽  
Sharad Chandra ◽  
Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar ◽  
Vivek Bhosale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Cathepsin S ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
New Biomarkers

Abstract Introduction: A high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and premature mortality is observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, new biomarkers that may help predict the development of CVD in early stages of CKD are being investigated along with other traditional risk factors. Objective: To investigate cathepsin S as an early biomarker for CVD in patients with CKD. Methods: A total of 64 patients with CKD were included and classified into 2 groups: CKD patients with established CVD and CKD patients with non-established CVD. All patients were submitted to routine investigations including complete blood count, random blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total protein, total albumin, calcium total, phosphorous, uric acid, vitamin D, parathormone, lipid profile, liver function test, measurement of serum cathepsin S (Cat S), and 2D Echo of the heart. Results: The level of serum Cat S was increased in CKD patients with CVD (p <0.05) as well as in later stages of CKD (p <0.05). CVD was also more common in patients in early stage CKD. In early stages CKD, Cat S and CVD were positively correlated. Conclusion: These findings suggest that serum Cat S might be useful as an early biomarker for CVD in CKD patients.

Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease in early-stage chronic kidney disease: Cause or association?

2012 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Moody ◽  
Nicola C. Edwards ◽  
Melanie Madhani ◽  
Colin D. Chue ◽  
Richard P. Steeds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage

scholarly journals The Effect of Health-Related Behaviors on Disease Progression and Mortality in Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yookyung Lee ◽  
SuYeon Kwon ◽  
JongJoo Moon ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Nam-Jong Paik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related

Healthy life style is associated with decreased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality in the general population. However, there is no definitive evidence on the benefits of physical activity and other health-related behaviors in the early-stage CKD. This study aimed to explore the association between health-related behaviors and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in the early stages of CKD. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database from January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2016 was used to screen 83,470 subjects with early stage CKD. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between health-related behaviors and ESRD and death. Kaplan-Meier curves for mortality and ESRD were plotted according to the physical activity, smoking status and alcohol consumption pattern. Risk of death decreased significantly in subjects who engaged in sufficient physical activity (adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64-0.83; p &lt; 0.001). Risk of ESRD and death increased significantly in the current smoker with adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.06-1.95; p &lt; 0.02) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.44-1.80; p &lt; 0.001) respectively. Therefore, systematic interventions to encourage physical activity and smoking cessation need to be actively considered in the early stages of CKD.

scholarly journals Salivary FRAP as A Marker of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Julita Szulimowska ◽  
Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz ◽  
Katarzyna Werbel ◽  
Anna Wasilewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Severe Renal Impairment ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant Potential

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common modern-age diseases in children. Kidney failure does not reveal any symptoms for a long time; therefore, new biomarkers are sought, preferably those reflecting an early stage of CKD. The aim of our study was to evaluate total antioxidant potential as a biomarker differentiating the degree of CKD advancement. The study included 30 children with CKD and a control group matched by age and gender. Non-stimulated saliva (NWS), stimulated saliva (SWS), plasma and urine were used as study material. Total antioxidant potential was determined spectrophotometrically using the FRAP method (ferric ion reducing antioxidant parameter) by measuring total FRAP and uric acid (UA)-independent FRAP (FRAP-UA). We demonstrated that total FRAP, FRAP-UA and UA were significantly higher in stimulated saliva, as well as urine of CKD patients compared to the controls. These biomarkers increase with the progression of chronic kidney disease and their concentration in SWS reflects their content in urine. Interestingly, salivary FRAP and uric acid clearly differentiate between various stages of CKD as well as between healthy and ill children. Special attention should be paid to total FRAP which—measured in SWS—distinguishes patients with mildly to moderately decreased kidney function from those with severe renal impairment (AUC = 1, sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 100%). Although salivary FRAP may be a potential CKD biomarker in children, further studies are needed in a larger group of patients.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease in Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in a Chinese Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2617-2621 ◽  
Author(s):  
LuXia Zhang ◽  
Li Zuo ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
ShuYu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Early Stages

scholarly journals Identification of biomarkers of chronic kidney disease among kidney-derived proteins

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuma Higashisaka ◽  
Sonoko Takeya ◽  
Haruhiko Kamada ◽  
Masanori Obana ◽  
Makiko Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Marker Proteins ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Complement C1q

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has few objective symptoms, and it is difficult to make an early diagnosis by using existing methods. Therefore, new biomarkers enabling diagnosis of renal dysfunction at an early stage need to be developed. Here, we searched for new biomarkers of CKD by focusing on kidney-derived proteins that could sensitively reflect that organ’s disease state. Methods To identify candidate marker proteins, we performed a proteomics analysis on renal influx and efflux blood collected from the same individual. Results Proteomics analysis revealed 662 proteins in influx blood and 809 in efflux. From these identified proteins, we selected complement C1q as a candidate; the plasma C1q level was significantly elevated in the renal efflux of donors. Moreover, the plasma concentration of C1q in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy was significantly increased, in association with increases in blood glucose concentration and urinary protein content. Importantly, we demonstrated that the tendency of C1q to increase in the plasma of CKD patients was correlated with a decrease in their estimated glomerular filtration rate. Conclusion Overall, our results indicate that our approach of focusing on kidney-derived proteins is useful for identifying new CKD biomarkers and that C1q has potential as a biomarker of renal function.

scholarly journals The Impact of Insulin Resistance and Chronic Kidney Disease on Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117955141879225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine E Kosmas ◽  
Delia Silverio ◽  
Christiana Tsomidou ◽  
Maria D Salcedo ◽  
Peter D Montan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

There is extensive evidence showing that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, IR has been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), even in nondiabetic patients, and is currently considered as a “nontraditional” risk factor contributing to CVD by promoting hypertension, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also considered a state of low-grade inflammation. In addition, CKD is considered an IR state and has been described as an independent risk factor for the development of CVD, as even early-stage CKD is associated with an estimated 40% to 100% increase in CVD risk. There is also strong evidence indicating that inflammation per se plays a crucial role in both the initiation and progression of CVD. Given the above, the combined effect of IR and CKD may significantly increase the risk of inflammation and CVD. This review aims to focus on the complex interplay between IR, CKD, inflammation, and CVD and will present and discuss the current clinical and scientific data pertaining to the impact of IR and CKD on inflammation and CVD.

scholarly journals Proteinuria in Chronic Kidney Disease and its Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Ahmed ◽  
TR Laila ◽  
HA Begum ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Proteinuria is a marker of kidney damage and an important risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Albumin is the principal component of proteinuria in glomerular disease. The presence of persistent albumin in the urine is a clear sign of glomerular abnormality. Microalbuminuria describes the urinary excretion of small amounts of albumin which identifies the very early stage of diabetic kidney disease. The albumin creatinine ratio is the preferred method of detecting microalbuminuria. There is strong evidence that treatment in the early stages of chronic kidney disease reduces progression of kidney damage. The levels of proteinuria in both diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease at which management should be addressed have been reviewed. This article also reviews the interventions recommended for early stages of chronic kidney disease to reduce the risk of progression to end stage kidney failure. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin 2 receptor blockers are more effective in reducing proteinuria and retarding the progression of kidney disease in comparison to other therapies which lower systemic blood pressure to a similar degree. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i1.16070 Medicine Today 2013 Vol.25(1): 36-41

Abstract 5930: The Effect of Spironolactone on Myocardial Structure and Function Measured by Echocardiography in Patients with Early Stage Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola C Edwards ◽  
Richard P Steeds ◽  
Charles J Ferro ◽  
John N Townend
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Myocardial Structure ◽  
And Function

Introduction Early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated both with a high rate of adverse cardiovascular events and abnormal myocardial structure and function. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is common in CKD and may result in adverse inflammatory, fibrotic and hypertrophic effects upon the heart and vasculature. Treatment with ACE inhibitors and ARBs frequently fails to suppress aldosterone production. We hypothesized that addition of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone to ACE Inhibitors and ARB’s might reduce left ventricular (LV) mass and improve systolic and diastolic function measured by echocardiography. Methods One hundred and seventeen patients with stage 2 and 3 CKD, controlled hypertension (<130/85mmHg) and no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes were recruited in to a double blind placebo controlled trial. After an active 4 week run in of spironolactone 25mg daily, patients were randomized to continue this treatment or receive placebo for a further 36 weeks. Echocardiographic assessment of LV mass, systolic and diastolic LV function was performed before run in and after 40 weeks of treatment. Results Compared to placebo, spironolactone reduced LV mass (mean (SD) −10g ± 10 vs.+3g ± 13, p<0.01). There was an improvement in LV Tei Index (−0.08 ± 0.1 vs. −0.001 ± 0.1, p<0.01) and mean basal long axis annular systolic velocities (Sm +1.4cm/s ± 1.9 vs. +0.1cm/s ± 1.1, p<0.01) but no difference in ejection fraction (+3% ± 5 vs.+2% ± 7). Transmitral E/A filing ratio (E/A +0.3 ± 0.3 vs −0.02 ± 0.2, p<0.05), basal annular early myocardial diastolic velocities (Ea +0.5cm/s ± 2.1 vs. −0.3cm/s ± 2.1, p<0.05), E/Ea ratio (−0.7 ± 1.9 vs. 0.1 ± 2.0, p<0.05), and colour flow propogation velocities (+8.7 ± 16.3 vs. −0.1 ± 16.6, p<0.05) were all improved. Systolic blood pressure was reduced with spironolactone but was not an independent predictor of change in any echocardiographic parameters. Conclusion Treatment with spironolactone reduced LV mass and improved both systolic and diastolic LV function. These data suggest that aldosterone plays an important role in cardiovascular disease in CKD and provides support for a clinical outcome trial investigating the use of aldosterone inhibitors to reduce cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals The Effect of Health-Related Behaviors on Disease Progression and Mortality in Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yookyung Lee ◽  
SuYeon Kwon ◽  
Jong Joo Moon ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Nam-Jong Paik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related

A healthy life style is associated with decreased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality in the general population. However, there is no definitive evidence of the benefits of physical activity and other health-related behaviors in the early-stage of CKD. This study aimed to explore the association between health-related behaviors and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in the early stages of CKD. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2016 was used to screen 83,470 subjects with early stage CKD. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between health-related behaviors and ESRD and death. Kaplan–Meier curves for mortality and ESRD were plotted according to the physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption pattern. Risk of death decreased significantly in subjects who engaged in sufficient physical activity (adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64–0.83; p < 0.001). Risk of ESRD and death increased significantly in the current smoker with adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.06–1.95; p < 0.02) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.44–1.80; p < 0.001) respectively. Therefore, systematic interventions to encourage physical activity and smoking cessation need to be actively considered in the early stages of CKD.

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