scholarly journals Lawn irrigation with domestic wastewater by subsurface drip or sprinkling

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-498
Author(s):  
Rafael Barcelos Mendonça ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas ◽  
Leandro José Grava de Godoy ◽  
Renan Lima de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Daily Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Lawn Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Abstract To maintain the quality of a lawn and allow it to perform its functions (esthetics, enhancement of property, reduction of air temperature, etc.) efficient use of irrigation and adequate fertilization are necessary. The use of wastewater from sewage treatment, which has a nutrient load, in irrigation, can be an alternative especially if applied via subsurface, to reduce contamination risks. This study was conducted to examine the development and quality of an ornamental lawn of Zoysia japonica Steud (zoysiagrass) irrigated with wastewater depths, by two methods. The experiment was carried out in Botucatu-SP, Brazil, during winter and spring (June to December 2016). The treatments consisted of two irrigation methods (sprinkling and subsurface drip) and four domestic-wastewater irrigation depths (50%, 100%, 150% and 200% of the average daily evapotranspiration) plus control, where treated water was supplied by the Basic Sanitation Company of São Paulo State (Sabesp) of Botucatu, SP, Brazil, replacing 100% of average daily evapotranspiration. The following characteristics were studied: clipping dry matter weight, relative chlorophyll content, lawn height, total coliforms and Escherichia coli in the plant tissue and nutrient concentration in the leaves. Subsurface drip irrigation with wastewater, using an irrigation depth of 100% of the average evapotranspiration, allowed an adequate development of the zoysiagrass lawn by maintaining its quality, without contamination by total coliforms or Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Microbiological and parasitological analysis of sand samples of recreation of the municipality of Sinop-MT areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
F. Freitas ◽  
B. P. Deecken ◽  
R. H. R. Pena ◽  
I. P. Tancredi ◽  
B. G. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

Recreational sands are important places for human interaction, despite the risk to public health as a result of being exposed to the accumulation of bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites due to daily exposure to waste produced by users, human secretions and animal excrement. The objective of this study was to perform the microbiological and parasitic analysis of 16 sandboxes for recreation in the municipality of Sinop-MT. The evaluations included: enumeration of total and thermotolerant coliforms, identification of Escherichia coli and endoparasites research. Of the samples surveyed, 68,75% (11/16) presented contamination by total coliforms and 43,75% (7/16) presented contamination by thermotolerant coliforms. The presence of Escherichia coli was detected in seven (43,75%) of the samples, and no contamination was detected by helminth eggs, but three samples (18,75%) were contaminated by larvae of the filiform and rabditoid type. In this way it is evident that the recreation areas of Sinop municipality have contamination that exposes the population to risk of infections, being necessary a better monitoring and hygiene so that it has an improvement of quality of these areas.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of shellfish and evaluation of compact dry EC for detecting total coliforms and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vásquez García ◽  
S.H. Gomes de Sá ◽  
G. de Sousa Silva ◽  
J.E. Mejia Ballesteros ◽  
E. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of oysters and mussels grown in Cananéia, Brazil, by analysing mesophiles, psychrothophic bacteria, moulds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., and to compare the efficiency of Compact Dry EC method and the conventional method for counting of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The microbial analysis showed that the mean values of mesophilic counts were 3.14±0.81 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.92±0.90 for mussels; the mean values of psychrophilic counts were 2.78±0.75 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.22±0.75 log CFU g−1 for mussels; the mean values of mould and yeast counts were 3.70±0.58 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.33±0.81 log CFU g−1 for mussels. Salmonella spp. did not present positive results, and the maximal count of Staphylococcus aureus was 1.7 log CFU g−1, therefore, within the limits established in the legislation. The correlation coefficients between the Compact Dry EC method and conventional method were >0.87 for total coliform and E. coli counts for both types of shellfish. The data in this study show that the Compact Dry EC method is an acceptable alternative to conventional methods for enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in shellfish.

scholarly journals Microbiological lettuce quality evaluation from traditional, organic and hydroponic growing process

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Greici Bergamo ◽  
Eliezer Avila Gandra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Good Hygiene

Objective of the study: to evaluate the microbiological quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in three different cultivation: organic, hydroponic and traditional. Sixty lettuce samples commercialized in Videira – SC were analyzed. Microorganisms investigated: Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., total coliforms e Escherichia coli. The results showed the absence of Salmonella spp. for all samples. Present of Listeria spp. was found in 16,7% of the samples. Total coliforms e Escherichia coli count varied from <1x101 - 2,8x105 and <1x101 - 1x103, respectively. Traditional and hydroponic farming lettuce samples presented 100% of total coliforms. Escherichia coli analysis occurred in 22,2% of the samples traditional farming, 11,1% hydroponic farming and none in organic farming vegetables. Statistically, we found no significant relation between microbiological contamination and king of growing used in the vegetables production. The strains of the Listeria, total coliforms and Escherichia coli found in the samples indicated hygienic and sanitary quality and so it is important that good hygiene practices are taken from the manufacturing process until the moment of consumption.

Microbial risk in wastewater irrigated lettuce: comparing Escherichia coli contamination from an experimental site with a laboratory approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Makkaew ◽  
M. Miller ◽  
H. J. Fallowfield ◽  
N. J. Cromar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Plastic Sheet ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Surrogate Method

This study assessed the contamination of Escherichia coli, in lettuce grown with treated domestic wastewater in four different irrigation configurations: open spray, spray under plastic sheet cover, open drip and drip under plastic sheet cover. Samples of lettuce from each irrigation configuration and irrigating wastewater were collected during the growing season. No E. coli was detected in lettuce from drip irrigated beds. All lettuce samples from spray beds were positive for E. coli, however, no statistical difference (p &gt; 0.05) was detected between lettuces grown in open spray or covered spray beds. The results from the field experiment were also compared to a laboratory experiment which used submersion of lettuce in wastewater of known E. coli concentration as a surrogate method to assess contamination following irrigation. The microbial quality of spray bed lettuces was not significantly different from submersed lettuce when irrigated with wastewater containing 1,299.7 E. coli MPN/100 mL (p &gt; 0.05). This study is significant since it is the first to validate that the microbial contamination of lettuce irrigated with wastewater in the field is comparable with a laboratory technique frequently applied in the quantitative microbial risk assessment of the consumption of wastewater irrigated salad crops.

Investigation of the microbial quality and the occurrence of Shiga-like-toxin-producingEscherichia coliand methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureusin traditional cheeses produced in northwest of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Maryam Farshidi ◽  
Mahmood Alizadeh Sani ◽  
Laleh Payahoo ◽  
Ali Ehsani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Pcr Method

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the microbial quality of some traditional cheese samples (sheep, cow and koopeh cheeses) consumed in northwest of Iran, and to detect Shiga-like-toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in cheese samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Design/methodology/approachAlmost half of the project was based on counting the population of Staphylococcus aureus, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, also the other section was related to the isolation and the detection of the STEC and MRSA in cheese samples. The findings were compared with standard maximum and threshold values.FindingsThe results revealed that 36.99, 30.14 and 100% of cheeses exceeded the standard threshold value ofE. coli(102), total coliforms (104) andS. aureus(102). However, total coliforms, in any of the cheese samples examined, did not reach the maximum value and only 24.66% of samples exceeded the maximum value ofE. coli. Also, no significant difference (p> 0.05) in counts of each bacterial group examined in sheep, cow and koopeh cheeses was observed. The colony PCR method demonstrated the existence of 19 MRSA and 2 STEC isolates.Originality/valueThis research showed a general overview of the bacterial quality of cheeses in northwest of Iran.

scholarly journals Performance of the constructed wetland system for the treatment of water from the corumbataí river

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Kleiber Pessoa Borges ◽  
Sâmia Maria Tauk-Tornisielo ◽  
Roberto Naves Domingos ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Alternative Water

The aim of this work was to study the constructed wetland system for the treatment of water from the Corumbataí river simulated on a laboratory scale. The parameters analyzed at different points of the system were ammonia, biochemical demand for oxygen (BDO), chemical demand for oxygen (CDO), chlorides, apparent color, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), silicon (Si), total phosphorous, total coliforms and Escherichia coli, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and macrophyte biomass. The results demonstrated that this alternative water treatment system was effective in removing the microorganisms (total coliforms and E. coli), among other parameters analyzed, for varying periods of the treatment, promoting notable improvement in the quality of the water treated from the Corumbataí River.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in sewage treatment plants of South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerabham Praveenkumarreddy ◽  
Masato Akiba ◽  
Keerthi Siri Guruge ◽  
Keshava Balakrishna ◽  
Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South India ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Antibiotics received by sewage treatment plants may be the causative factor in spreading antibiotic resistance bacteria in the aquatic environment. The current study investigates the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in four sewage treatment plants (STPs) in South India receiving hospital and domestic wastewater in different proportions. A total of 221 E. coli isolates were checked for antimicrobial resistance against 16 antimicrobials. Among the antimicrobials tested, ampicillin (AMP) and cefazolin (CFZ) showed resistance between 20% and 90%, nalidixic acid (NAL) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) showed resistance between 15% and 75% and chloramphenicol (CHL) showed resistance between 2% and 20%. Based on the observations, there is no significant difference between the wastewater inlet and outlet, suggesting that treatment process was not effective in reducing the resistance. In conclusion, the trends of antimicrobial resistance pattern show that the levels of resistance were slightly higher in hospital wastewater than domestic wastewater. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

scholarly journals Quality of raw water in the Guandu Basin of Rio de Janeiro state during water crisis of 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Adriana Sotero-Martins ◽  
Aloysio Da Silva Ferrão-Filho ◽  
José Augusto Albuquerque dos Santos ◽  
Priscila Gonçalves Moura ◽  
Natasha Berendonk Handam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Basic Sanitation

At the beginning of 2020, about 9 million inhabitants of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, dependent on the Guandu Basin, experienced a water-supply crisis when their water tasted badly and gave off an odor. This work presents the results of analyses of the sanitary quality of raw water in this system at two different times during the water crisis, with respect to the presence of cyanobacteria found using metagenomic studies, and cyanotoxins, microcystin (MC) and saxitoxin (SXT) quantified by ELISA. Analyses of raw water quality parameters were carried out through the determination of total coliforms and Escherichia coli levels and some physical-chemical parameters. The raw water collected in both periods presented levels of Escherichia coli levels above the maximum allowed values (MAV) described in Resolution 357/2000 of the National Environmental Agency, as well as the levels of MC in a filter sample. The physical-chemical parameters analyzed and the SXT levels were in accordance with this resolution. The most abundant cyanobacterial genus in the critical period was Planktothricoides sp. Therefore, it is necessary to implement basic sanitation in cities upstream from the point of capture of raw water from this source, so that events similar to those that occurred in the 2020 water crisis do not recur.

scholarly journals DESENVOLVIMENTO DA CULTURA E PRESENÇA DE E. COLI NA SALSA IRRIGADA COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA TRATADA POR RADIAÇÃO SOLAR

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-351
Author(s):  
Mariana A. L. Sales ◽  
Rodrigo Máximo Sánchez-Román
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Irrigation Depth

DESENVOLVIMENTO DA CULTURA E PRESENÇA DE E. COLI NA SALSA IRRIGADA COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA TRATADA POR RADIAÇÃO SOLAR     MARIANA ALEXANDRE DE LIMA SALES1 E RODRIGO MÁXIMO SÁNCHEZ ROMÁN2   1 Doutora em Agronomia: Irrigação e Drenagem. Rua Heleni de Souza Costa, 41 – Jardim Ypê, 18.608-710, Botucatu-SP, Brasil. [email protected] 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Campus de Botucatu. Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP: 18610-034, Botucatu – SP. Brasil. [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da água residuária doméstica tratada por radiação solar (ARD-TRS) no desenvolvimento da salsa (graúda portuguesa), além de verificar e quantificar a presença de Escherichia coli na cultura. O experimento foi realizado na FCA/UNESP no município de Botucatu - São Paulo, o qual consistiu na aplicação de diferentes porcentagens (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) de ARD-TRS na lâmina total de irrigação. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, visto que no geral houve um aumento nos valores de altura da planta, número de talos, diâmetro do maior talo, diâmetro da touceira e massa da matéria fresca e seca, observando-se diferenças significativas em função da porcentagem de ARD-TRS na lâmina total de irrigação. Assim conclui-se que, a utilização de diferentes porcentagens de ARD-TRS na lâmina total de irrigação influenciou positivamente no desenvolvimento da cultura estudada, apresentando uma população de E. coli na água de irrigação < 100 NMP 100 mL-1 e nas culturas ≤ 1.000 NMP 100 mL-1.   Palavras-chave: reuso da água, SODIS, Petroselinum Crispum, coliformes, produtividade.   SALES, M. A. L.; SÁNCHEZ-ROMÁN, R. M. DEVELOPMENT AND PRESENCE OF E. COLI IN PARSLEY IRRIGATED WITH DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATED WITH SOLAR RADIATION     2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of solar-treated domestic wastewater (ARD-TRS) on the development of parsley (Portuguese coarse), and to verify and quantify the presence of Escherichia coli in the crop. The experiment, carried out at FCA / UNESP, in Botucatu - São Paulo, consisted of the application of different percentages (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of ARD-TRS in the total irrigation depth. The results obtained were satisfactory, since in general there was an increase in  values ​​of plant height, number of stalks, diameter of the largest stalk, clump diameter and mass of fresh and dry matter, and significant differences were observed as function of the percent of ARD-TRS in the total irrigation depth. Thus, it was concluded that the use of different percentages of ARD-TRS in the total irrigation depth had a positive influence on the development of the studied culture, presenting a population of E. coli in irrigation water <100 NMP 100 mL-1 and in cultures ≤ 1,000 NMP 100 mL -1.   Keywords: water reuse, SODIS, Petroselinum crispum, coliforms, productivity.

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