Response of rice cultivars to nitrogen in upland conditions

Against the background of a growing world population, rice (Oryza sativa L.) consumption is expected to grow faster than its production. Therefore, an appropriate question would be: how to increase productivity in the short-term? In this respect, it becomes important the implementation of modern agricultural production systems, such as upland rice with supplemental sprinkler irrigation. Additional information is needed to maximize the available resources, with special attention given to research on the use of nitrogen. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of commercial rice cultivars with different plant characteristics in upland conditions with supplemental sprinkler irrigation, when subjected to nitrogen in topdress application at the R1 stage (panicle differentiation). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block with split plot design, with 65 treatments, consisting of the combination of 13 cultivars in the plots, and five nitrogen levels in the subplots (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1), with four replications. Genetic variability was detected among rice cultivars and the agronomic performance in response to the applied nitrogen. The topdressing application of nitrogen increases, in general, the production components and grain yield in rice. Cultivars BRS Primavera, Caiapó and IAC 202 stood out for grain yield, followed by Baldo, Carnaroli, BRS Curinga and IAC 500 with lower yields.

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Yield and yield component performances of local pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia in three locations

Tropical Drylands ◽

10.13057/tropdrylands/t030203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Antonius Ndiwa ◽

Yosep S. Mau

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Yield Component ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Rice Genotype

Abstract. Ndiwa ASS, Mau YS. 2019. Yield and yield component performances of local pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia in three locations. Trop Drylands 3: 49-55. Several pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara Province have been selected based on their agronomic performance, blast resistance, and drought tolerance traits. This study aimed to further elucidate the selected upland rice cultivars for their yield performance and stability in a multi-location trial in three locations. The results showed the significant effect of rice genotype, location, and interactions between rice genotype and location (GxE) on most observed variables, both in each location and across the three locations. Five genotypes produced average grain yield of ≥ 4.0 t/ha over three locations, i.e., NGR-22, PMK-01, ADN-05, Inpago 7 and Aek Sibundong. These five genotypes were found to produce high and stable grain yield under the three growing environments.

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Agronomic performance of upland rice cultivars in the southern region of the state of Tocantins

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4p1699 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 1699

Author(s):

Leila Paula Tonello ◽

Taynar Coelho de Oliveira Tavares ◽

Ricardo De Oliveira Rocha ◽

Gil Rodrigues dos Santos ◽

Sérgio Alves de Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Rice Yield ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Regional Growth ◽

The State ◽

Southern Region ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Cerrado Vegetation

Behavioural assessment of cultivars adapted to climate and soil variations is essential for recommending genetic materials to producers, achieving higher profitability, and, mainly, targeting regional growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of upland rice cultivars in different cropping periods and Cerrado vegetation soil in the southern region of the state of Tocantins. The experiments were conducted in a field at the Chaparral Farm and at the Experimental Station of the Federal University of Tocantins in the agricultural years of 2008/2009, 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012, and 2012/2013 with cultivars BRS-Bonança, BRS-Primavera, and BRSMG-Conai. A randomized block experimental design was used with four replications in a factorial scheme of 3 × 5, comprising three genotypes and five years. The evaluated characteristics were as follows: number of days to flowering, plant height, weight of hundred grains, and grain yield. The highest upland rice yield was observed in the cropping period of 2012/13, which also had the highest volume and better distribution of rainfall; flowering time was lesser and greater for BRSMG-Conai and BRS-Bonança cultivars, respectively. The BRS-Primavera cultivar showed the highest grain yield in different years in Cerrado soil in the southern region of the state of Tocantins.

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Yield performance of upland rice cultivars at different rates and times of nitrogen application

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832012000200017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 475-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José Hildernando Bezerra Barreto ◽

Ismail Soares ◽

José Almeida Pereira ◽

Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra ◽

José Aridiano Lima de Deus

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

N Application ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

N Rates

Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for rice (Oryza sativa L) yields. This study aimed to evaluate the response of upland rice cultivars to N rate and application times in a randomized block design, in subdivided plots with four replications. The studied factors were five rice cultivars (BRS MG Curinga, BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Primavera, and BRS Sertaneja), three application times (100 % at planting, 50 % at planting - 50 % at tillering and 100 % at tillering) and four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1). All cultivars responded to increased rates and different times of N application, especially BRS Primavera and BRS Sertaneja, which were the most productive when 50 % N rates were applied at sowing and 50 % at tillering. The response of cultivar BRS Monarca to N fertilization was best when 100 % of the fertilizer was applied at tillering.

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Quality and Grain Yield Attributes of Rwandan Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars Grown in a Biotron Applying Two NPK Levels

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2018/5134569 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alphonsine Mukamuhirwa ◽

Helena Persson Hovmalm ◽

Rodomiro Ortiz ◽

Obedi Nyamangyoku ◽

Eva Johansson

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

High Yield ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Grain Yield And Quality

High-yielding rice cultivars with good processing quality and rich in nutrition suitable to a changing climate are of particular importance for future rice-based food production. Here, seven Rwandan rice cultivars were grown in a climate chamber of the biotron facility at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, to be evaluated for their grain yield, nutritional composition, and dough mixing properties. Two different levels of inorganic fertilizer were applied weekly from the seedling stage until flowering. Significant differences for grain yield and quality attributes were found between cultivars. Jyambere showed significantly the highest yield while Ingwizabukungu, Nemeyubutaka, and Jyambere were high in mineral elements content. Ndamirabahinzi and Mpembuke had the highest levels of TPC and TAC. Generally, the lower fertilizer dose resulted in a better performance of the cultivars for both yield and quality attributes. Significantly higher content of Fe, Ca, and Ba was found in grains from the moderate fertilizer dose, whereas K, Na, P, S, Zn, Cd, and Pb increased in grains from the higher fertilizer dose. The cultivar Ndamirabahinzi showed less variability of evaluated characters across fertilizer doses. The results from this study may be used for rice breeding of cultivars with high yield and good grain quality.

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Grain Yield and Resource Use Efficiencies of Upland and Lowland Rice Cultivars under Aerobic Cultivation

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9100591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 591 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Liu ◽

Zhan ◽

Hussain ◽

Nie

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Resource Use ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Aerobic Cultivation

Aerobic rice has the potential to replace transplanted flooded rice, as rice cultivation is seriously threatened by environmental and social factors. Although the recently released upland rice cultivars have higher drought tolerance, low yield potential of these cultivars makes them less feasible for high-yielding rice planting regions under aerobic cultivation. In this study, typical lowland rice cultivars (Huanghuazhan and Yangliangyou6) were evaluated for grain yield and resource use efficiencies under aerobic cultivation as compared with upland rice cultivars (Lvhan1 and Hanyou3). Averaged across different years, lowland rice cultivars recorded 26.9%, 14.6%, and 26.6% higher grain yield, water productivity, and nitrogen use efficiency for grain production (NUEg), respectively, as compared with upland cultivars. The higher grain yield of lowland rice cultivars under aerobic cultivation was mainly attributed to the higher aboveground biomass and the spikelet number per panicle, along with a higher harvest index and panicle number per unit area with respect to upland rice cultivars. During the entire growing season in aerobic cultivation, rainfall accounted for 60% to 85% of the total water use, which indicates that lowland rice cultivars could make better use of the rainfall because of a longer growth duration and a higher growth potential. In summary, this study suggests that with appropriate irrigation, lowland rice cultivars could grow well and furnish higher yield than the current upland rice cultivars under aerobic cultivation.

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Grain quality of upland rice cultivars in response to cropping systems in the Brazilian tropical savanna

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162008000500004 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 468-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽

Orivaldo Arf ◽

Rogério Peres Soratto ◽

Gustavo Pavan Mateus

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Rice Milling

The industrial quality of grain is an important parameter to determine the commercial value of rice and can be influenced by water availability and type of cultivar. The present study aimed to evaluate the milling yield as well as the protein and nutrient contents of polished grains originated from two upland rice cultivars grown under rainfed and sprinkler-irrigated conditions. A randomized block design was used in a split-plot arrangement with eight replicates. Plots consisted of two cropping systems (rainfed and sprinkler-irrigated) with subplots consisting of two cultivars recommended for upland ecosystems (IAC 201 and Carajás). The sprinkler irrigation system increased upland rice milling (8.0%) and head rice yield (23.7%), for years with hot and dry weather spells occurring during the reproductive and maturation stages. Under conditions of lower water availability, the Carajás cultivar showed a milled yield value 5.1% higher than that of cultivar IAC 201. Lower water availability provided increases in protein, N, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn contents but reductions in S and Cu in the polished grains. Cultivars IAC 201 and Carajás had similar nutrient contents in the polished grains.

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Performance of Newly Developed Weed-Competitive Rice Cultivars under Lowland and Upland Weedy Conditions

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2017.57 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 798-817 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Niña Gracel B. Dimaano ◽

Jauhar Ali ◽

Pompe C. Sta. Cruz ◽

Aurora M. Baltazar ◽

Maria Genaleen Q. Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Competitive Ability ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Production Costs ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Parental Background ◽

Backcross Populations ◽

Standardize Evaluation ◽

Upland Conditions ◽

Alternative Solutions

Four early-generation backcross populations (BC1F2) derived from one common recipient parental background, Weed Tolerant Rice 1 (‘WTR1’), and four different donor parents (‘Y134’, ‘Zhong 143’, ‘Khazar’, and ‘Cheng Hui-448’) were tested to identify suitable donor and recipient parents for weed competitiveness and to standardize evaluation of the weed-competitive ability in rice. ‘GSR IR2-6’ (G-6) derived from a backcross of WTR1/Y134//WTR1 was selected as the best population and was advanced for phenotypic experiments in the 2014 dry season. The introgression lines (ILs) derived from the G-6 population were evaluated for seed germination and seedling vigor in greenhouse conditions and for weed-competitive ability under field conditions (upland weed-free, upland weedy, and lowland weedy). Parents and checks were included for comparison. Selection pressure for weed competitiveness was relatively stronger in upland conditions than in lowland conditions. After three rounds of selection and based on their relative grain yield performances across conditions, a total of 21 most-promising introgression fixed lines showing superior traits and weed-competitive ability were identified. G-6-L2-WL-3, G-6-RF6-WL-3, G-6-L15-WU-1,G-6-Y16-WL-2, and G-6-L6-WU-3 were the top ILs in lowland weedy conditions, whereas G-6-Y7-WL-3, G-6-Y6-WU-3, G-6-Y3-WL-3, and G-6-Y8-WU-1 were the highest yielding in upland weedy conditions. The use of weed-competitive rice cultivars in African and Asian countries will be a highly effective strategy to reduce production costs and provide alternative solutions to the unavailability of herbicides. Competitive rice varieties will also significantly improve grain yields in aerobic rice systems and can become an important strategy for successful upland rice production.

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Evaluation of Yields of Selected Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L) Varieties in a Humid Environment

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i830573 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 77-84

Author(s):

A. I. Nwonuala ◽

L. D. Gbaraneh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

State University ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Rivers State

This study is aimed to evaluate the yield performance of 12 varieties of upland rice and to assess the agronomic traits that contribute to yield performance of these varieties. A 2-year field experiment was conducted in the Teaching and Research Farm of the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The twelve varieties which made up the twelve treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. The experimental site was loamy sand, medium acidic with the soil pH reduced in the second cropping season (pH 4.9 in 2012; and pH 4.8 in 2013). The varieties differed significantly amongst themselves in panicle weight, number of fertile spikelets, grain length/breath ratio, 1000 grain weight in 2012 and 2013 planting and grain yield in 2012 planting season. The ITA 321 had the highest yield of 10300.33 kg/ha in 2012 and 10533.33 kg/ha in 2013 followed by NERICA 1 having 9066.67 kg/ha (2012) and 9133.33 kg/ha (2013). The NERICA 2,3,4,5 and 6 also belonged to the high yielding group while APO, Vandana, IR68 and ITA 150 recorded lower yields. Results of this evaluation have shown that ITA 321 and NERICA 1 can be grown in the tropical rainforest zone for paddy grain yield rather than ITA 150 which are already in use in this agro-ecological zone. They are recommended also for adoption and use in rice production instead of the popular ITA 150.

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Agronomic performance of soybean crops under integrated production systems in the Southwestern Brazilian Amazon biome

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n12p793-799 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 793-799

Author(s):

Rodrigo da S. Ribeiro ◽

Alexandre M. A. dos Passos ◽

Andreia M. Aker

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Production Systems ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Maturation Stage ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Integrated Production ◽

Alternative Crop ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Pod Number

ABSTRACT Soybean is an alternative crop to be used in intensified land use systems and recovery of degraded areas in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of soybean crops under integrated production systems in the Southwestern Brazilian Amazon biome. Soybean crop was grown in alleys with widths of 18, 30, and 42 m between the 4-row tree sets of eucalyptus and evaluated in two agricultural years (2016-2017 and 2017-2018). Plant height, first pod insertion height, number of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, and grain yield of soybean plants at maturation stage were evaluated in different distances from the eucalyptus (10, 20, 30 and 45% of the alley width). The lowest mean grain yield was found for the alley of 18 m in the 2017-2018 agricultural year. The proximity of soybean plants to eucalyptus trees affects negatively the grain yield, plant height, first pod insertion height, plant population, and number of pods per plant. The crop-livestock-forest integration system, with the forest component consisting of 5-year-old eucalyptus trees (technical age for harvest), resulted in higher soybean grain yields for the alley of 42 m. The growth of soybean crops in alleys of 18 m between 4-row tree sets of 5-year-old eucalyptus trees is not recommended for the Southwestern region of the Brazilian Amazon biome.

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