scholarly journals Tetanus as a cause of acute renal failure: possible role of rhabdomyolysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Martinelli ◽  
Cácia M. Matos ◽  
Heonir Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Infectious Disease Hospital ◽  
Disease Hospital ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Serum Myoglobin

To study the frequency and examine the role of rhabdomyolysis in the acute renalfailure in tetanus 18 patients with the diagnosis of generalized tetanus consecutively admitted to the infectious disease hospital were evaluated. Ofthese 14 were male and 4female with mean age of 31.8± 2.0 years. Except for mild proteinuria recorded in 9 patients, the urinalysis were unremarkable. Serum creatinine higher than 1.4mg/dl was recorded in 39% of the patients, abnormal levels of CPK in 87,5% and serum myoglobin greater than 120µg/l in 39% of the patients. Oliguria was documented in one patient and none required diafysis therapy. No correlation wasfound between renal failure and myoglobin and/or CPK serum levels. Acute renalfailure in tetanus was not infrequent; usualfy it was non-oliguric, mild and transient and not related to the severity of the disease or to serum levels of myoglobin and/or CPK.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Vasodilatory Î’eta-Blockers Carvedilol and Nebivolol against Glycerol Model of Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Atwa ◽  
Rehab Hegazy ◽  
Nermeen Shaffie ◽  
Neamat Yassin ◽  
Sanaa Kenawy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced acute renal failure (ARF) accounts for about 10–40% of all cases of ARF.AIM: The present study investigated the possible protective effect of two nitric oxides (NO)-releasing third generation β-blockers, carvedilol (Carv) and nebivolol (Nebi), against RM-mimicking glycerol (Gly)-induced ARF in rats.MATERIAL AND METHODS: After 24 h dehydration, rats received a single dose of 50% Gly (8 ml/kg, im). They were treated with vehicle, Carv (2.5 mg/kg/day, po) or Nebi (10 mg/kg, po) for 3 successive days starting from an hour prior to Gly injection. Evaluation of blood pressure and locomotor activity was performed during the experiment. 72 h following Gly administration, total protein in the urine, serum levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, sodium and potassium as well as the renal contents of malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and NO were assessed, together with a histopathological examination of renal tissues.RESULTS: Carv and Nebi attenuated Gly-induced renal dysfunction and histopathological alterations. They decreased the Gly-induced oxidative stress and increased renal NO concentration. Restoration of normal blood pressure and improvement of locomotor activity were also observed.CONCLUSION: The results clearly demonstrate protective effects of Carv and Nebi against renal damage involved in RM-induced ARF and suggest a role of their antioxidant and NO-releasing properties.

scholarly journals Is rhabdomyolysis an additional factor in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure in leptospirosis?

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Martinelli ◽  
Marcos A. Luna ◽  
Heonir Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Serum Myoglobin

Leptospirosis is an important cause of acute renal failure in our environment. Although several mechanisms are implicated, the role of rhabdomyolysis in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure in leptospirosis has not been analysed. Sixteen patients with the diagnosis of leptospiroses consecutively admitted to the hospital were prospectively studied. The disease was characterized by sudden onset in all patients and, at admission, jaundice, conjunctival suffusion and myalgias. Mild to moderate proteinuria with unremarkable urinary sediment was recorded in 37.5% of the patients and abnormal levels of urea creatinine were found in 87.5% and 74.0%, respectively. Increased levels of aminotranspherase were documented in all 12 and CPK in all 10 patients studied. Serum myoglobin levels greater than 120µg/l recorded in 56.2%. A correlation between myoglobin and renal failure or severity of disease, however, could not be established.

Relationship Between Level of Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (Before and after Procedures) with Acute Renal Failure after PCI in Patients Under PCI

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Habib Haybar ◽  
Ahmad R. Assareh ◽  
Mina Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Shahla A. Hovyzian
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Specific Factors

Background & Objective: Acute renal failure (AKI) is one of the most important complications of PCI. Due to delay in creatinine increase, we need specific factors to detect AKI earlier. The aim of this study is to evaluate the valuable factors by focusing on HFAB-P that can be predictive for AKI after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Methods: This prospective study was performed on 95 patients (55 males and 44 females aged between 49-78 years) under PCI in Golestan and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Ahvaz. Patients were divided into three groups based on the development of AKI after the procedure: no AKI, severe AKI (doubling of serum creatinine or needing dialysis) and any type of AKI (increased creatinine ≥ 0/3 mg/dl or a 50% increase in the means of 1/5 times serum creatinine). The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, the medical history and the results of the HFABP marker, GFR, and creatinine before and after PCI were evaluated for all patients. Results: The progenies showed 6 patients with severe AKI, 17 patients with any type of AKI, and 72 patients without AKI. Diabetes (P = 0.003), hypertension (P = 0.027), gender of patients (P = 0.025) and hospital admission days (P <0.001) were significantly different among the groups. Patients' age and positive troponin were significantly higher in patients with AKI. HFABP was the only factor that had significant changes before and after PCI (P <0.001). The cut-off value of HFABP was 4.69 with 95.6% sensitivity and 84.7% specificity. It has a good negative predictive value of 98.39% which suggests it to be a good test for the AKI prediction. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and creatinine (Cr) were significantly different after PCI (P <0.001). Conclusion: HFABP can be considered as a predictor for AKI after PCI. Moreover, our study suggests that evaluating several parameters such as Cr and GFR before and after PCI can predict the AKI development after PCI.

scholarly journals Clinical Mortality Review of COVID-19 Patients at Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Nepal; A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Anup Bastola ◽  
Sanjay Shrestha ◽  
Richa Nepal ◽  
Kijan Maharjan ◽  
Bikesh Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Infectious Disease Hospital ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Disease Hospital

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has challenged the health system worldwide, including the low and middle income countries like Nepal. In view of the rising number of infections and prediction of multiple waves of this disease, mortalities due to COVID-19 need to be critically analyzed so that every possible effort could be made to prevent COVID-19 related mortalities in future. Main aim of this research was to study about the mortalities due to COVID-19 at a tertiary level hospital, in Nepal. This was a retrospective, observational study that included all inpatients from Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, who were reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction positive for SARS-COV-2 and died during hospital stay from January 2020 till January 2021. Medical records of the patients were evaluated. Out of 860 total admissions in a year, there were 50 mortalities in the study center. Out of 50 mortalities, majority were males (76%) with male to female ratio of 3.17:1. Most were above 65 years of age (72%) and had two or more comorbidities (64%). The most common comorbidities among the patients who had died during hospital stay were hypertension (58%) followed by diabetes mellitus (50%) and chronic obstructive airway disease (24%). The median duration from the symptom onset to death was 18 days, ranged from the minimum of 2 days till maximum of 39 days. D-dimer was found to be >1 mg/L in 58% cases and ferritin was >500 ng/ml in 42% patients at presentation. A total of 42% patients had thrombocytopenia, 80% patients had lymphocytopenia and 60% had Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio >11.75 with the mean NLR of 18.38. Of total mortalities, 16% patients also showed microbiological evidence of secondary infection; Male gender, age more than 65 years, multiple comorbidities with lymphocytopenia, elevated Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and elevated inflammatory markers were risk factors found in majority of mortalities in our study. These findings could be utilized for early triage and risk assessment in COVID-19 patients so that aggressive treatment strategies could be employed at the earliest to reduce mortalities due to COVID-19 in future.

scholarly journals Evaluating role of oxidative stress in determining the pathogenesis of falciparum malaria induced acute renal failure

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachita Nanda ◽  
Pramila K. Mishra ◽  
U. K. Das ◽  
S. B. Rout ◽  
P. C. Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Falciparum Malaria

Frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 640-646
Author(s):  
Shaheena Zafar ◽  
Riffat Jaleeel ◽  
Kouser Karim Lodhani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, Tertiary Care Hospital. Period: July 2015- Jan 2016. Material & Methods: Total 250 women during pregnancy and within 42 days after delivery who were diagnosed as ARF were included. Serum creatinine was done on admission and then after 24 hours of delievery. Those with urine output < 30ml / hour and serum creatinine > 1.5 mg / dl were recruited. All data was recorded on proforma. Results: The average age of the women was 29.36±5.87 years. Post-partum hemorrhage was the important and common factor i.e. 40.4%, followed by placental abruption 25.6%, Severe pre-eclampsia 18.4%, puerperal sepsis 8.4% and eclampsia 7.2%. Conclusion: Ante partum hemorrhage like placental abruption, eclampsia and preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhages’ are the major causes of obstetrical ARF. Good antenatal care and provision of universal health facility can prevent this dangerous condition. Though it is a treatable and curable complication, but if not diagnosed and treated timely, it can lead to significant maternal morbidity and mortality.

Role of N-Acetylcysteine in the Prevention of Radiocontrast-Induced Nephropathy

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1466-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald F Brophy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
English Language ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Animal Trials ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Risk Patients

OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the prevention of radiocontrast—induced nephropathy (RIN). DATA SOURCES: A literature search of MEDLINE (1966–December 2001) was performed using the following search terms: N-acetylcysteine, nephropathy, acute renal failure, and radiocontrast. STUDY SELECTION: Pertinent English-language animal and human studies were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Few small animal trials have demonstrated that NAC significantly prevents the development or reduces the severity of acute renal failure. Two human studies demonstrated NAC significantly reduces the occurrence of RIN. CONCLUSIONS: NAC may reduce the occurrence of RIN in high-risk patients. Further large-scale studies are needed to corroborate findings from earlier trials.

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