scholarly journals Effects of ethephon and urea on ripening of fruits and leaf abscission of coffee (Coffea arábica L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
José F. Franco ◽  
José D. Costa ◽  
Clarice G.B. Demétrio
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ethephon and urea on ripening of fruits and leaf abscission of coffee plant. Ethephon (2-chloroethane phosphonic acid) sprays were applied to green Coffea arábica berries 26 days before counting date in concentrations of 0.5 and 0.25 ml/1 from Ethrel (240 a.i./l). The chemical accelerated the onset of fruit ripening at both concentrations. The efficacy of ethephon was increased adding urea. Ethephon 0.5 ml/1 promoted abscission of leaves and low concentration reduced shedding of leaves. The treatments did not affect the growth and production on the next harvest.

Ethylene-induced fruit ripening in arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
EC Winston ◽  
M Hoult ◽  
CJ Howitt ◽  
RK Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Berry Ripening ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

The effects of ethephon on arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) were tested in experiments conducted over 2 years in North Queensland. Rates tested were 0, 125, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mgkg, applied when 15-20% (early treatment) or 45-50% (late treatment) of fruit were coloured. Measurements were made on the degree of leaf and fruit abscission, berry ripening, and berry weight. Ethephon did not cause significant fruit abscission, but rates >500 mg/kg caused unacceptable leaf abscission. Rates of 250 mg/kg were marginally acceptable in terms of leaf abscission. Excessive defoliation led to dieback, which resulted in a reduced crop the following season. Ethephon concentrated berry ripening, significantly increased the number of red (mature) berries, and decreased the number of green (immature) berries. Rates of >500 mg/kg were effective in accelerating berry ripening, while 125 mg/kg had a limited effect. Maturity stage of the bean at time of application helped to determine the ethephon response; early application of ethephon had a more pronounced effect on berry ripening than late application. Ethephon applied early at rates of 1500 and 2000 mg/kg decreased fresh berry weight compared with all other treatments but parchment weight was unaffected. Selection of a suitable rate of ethephon from these data is difficult because berry ripening is offset by leaf drop. Variability of response was also observed.

scholarly journals Studies on mineral nutrition of the coffee plant (Coffea arabica L. cv. Catuaí Vermelho): LXIV. Remobilization and re-utilization of nitrogen and potassium by normal and deficient plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. F. de Lima Filho ◽  
E. Malavolta
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Labelled Nitrogen ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Remobilization and re-utilization of 15N and 85Rb labelled nitrogen and potassium reserves for new growth and fruit formation was studied under greenhouse conditions using both normal and deficient young coffee plants. It was found that K reserves are used in higher proportion than is stored N by fruits and other organs. The export of N by organs of residence in the normal plants obeyed the following proportions of the total: leaves 47%-58%, branches and flower buds 21%-27%, roots 21%-32%. The corresponding figures in the case of deficient plants were: leaves 49%-65%, branches and flower buds 21%-27%, roots 14%-25%. Re-utilization of K took place in the following proportions in the normal plants: leaves 54%-64%, branches and flower buds 20%-21%, roots 30%-41%. In K deficient plants the figures were: leaves 62%-79%, branches and flower buds 1.2%-4.4%, roots 20%-33%. In tissues formed after the initiation of flowering buds, the demand for N is met by reserves as follows: normal plants: fruits 20.6%-24.8%, leaves 15.6%-19.4%, twigs 19%-20.5%; deficient plants: fruits 43.5%-48.5%, leaves 48.1%-51.9%, twigs 46%-53%. The K needs for new tissues are met in the order: normal plants: fruits 40%-45.8%, leaves 27%-37.6%, twigs 26%-33.1%; deficient plants: fruits 65.7%-81.5%, leaves 52.6%-68.4%, twigs 62%-86.1%. Fruits represent the main sink for both N and K. Re-utilization of both elements is higher in the case of deficient plants.

scholarly journals ÉPOCAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E PARCELAMENTO DA ADUBAÇÃO SOBRE A PRODUTIVIDADE DO CAFEEIRO ARÁBICA COM 17 ANOS DE IDADE

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Gilberto Coelho ◽  
Antonio Marciano da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Augusto da Silva ◽  
Polyanna M. de Oliveira ◽  
Antonio C. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
Culture Productivity ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

ÉPOCAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E PARCELAMENTO DA ADUBAÇÃO SOBRE A PRODUTIVIDADE DO CAFEEIRO ARÁBICA COM 17 ANOS DE IDADE[1]   Gilberto Coelho; Antonio Marciano da Silva; Ricardo Augusto da Silva; Polyanna M. de Oliveira; Antonio C. da Silva; Fábio A. Sato; Fabiano J. do LagoDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, [email protected]   1 RESUMO  Em experimento instalado numa cultura de café Coffea arabica L, cultivar Catuaí – Vermelho (IAC 44), cultivado há 17 anos, com espaçamento de 3,5 m entre linhas e 0,8 m entre plantas, avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes parcelamentos de adubação e de épocas de irrigação sobre a produtividade do cafeeiro. O delineamento experimental constou de 4 blocos, contendo 4 parcelas casualizadas (P4 = 36; P3 = 24; P2 = 12 e P1 = 4 parcelamentos da adubação via fertirrigação). Cada parcela foi dividida em 5 subparcelas sem casualização, sendo que, 4 subparcelas representavam épocas de  irrigação (A - de 01/06 a 30/09; B – de 15/07 a 30/09, C - de 01/09 a 30/09, D - de 01/09 a 30/09 adubada manualmente) e uma subparcela sem irrigação (E) adubada com adubo convencional. A produtividade da cultura (safra 01/02) em kg de café beneficiado por hectare (kg ha-1), foi submetida à análise de variância, por meio da qual verificou-se que somente  houve efeito significativo para o fator  épocas de irrigação, destacando o tratamento “A” com uma maior produtividade (3510,89 kg ha-1).  UNITERMOS: irrigação, fertirrigação, produtividade.   COELHO, G.; SILVA, A.M. ; SILVA, R.A. ; OLIVEIRA, P.M. ; SILVA. A.C. ; SATO, F.S.; LAGO, F.J. IRRIGATION PERIODS AND FERTILIZER SPLITTING ON THE ARABIC COFFEE PLANT PRODUCTIVITY   2 ABSTRACT  In an experiment carried out in a Coffea arabica L coffee plantation, species Catuaí - Red (IAC 44), cultivated 17 years ago, with spacing of 3.5 m among lines and 0.8 m among plants, the effect of different fertilizer splitting and irrigation periods on the coffee plant productivity was evaluated. The experimental design consisted of 4 blocks, containing 4 random portions (P4 = 36; P3 = 24; P2 = 12 and P1 = 4 fertilizer splitting through fertigation). Each portion was divided into 5 non random sub portions, in which 4 sub portions represented irrigation periods (A - from 06/01 to 09/30; B - from 07/15 to 09/30, C - from 09/01 to 09/30, D - from 01/09 to 30/09 fertilized manually) and a sub portion without irrigation (E) fertilized with conventional fertilizer. The culture productivity (crop 01/02) per kg of processed coffee per hectare underwent variance analysis, through which it was verified that there was only a significant effect for the irrigation period factor, and that treatment “A” presented highest productivity.    KEYWORDS: irrigation, fertigation, productivity.[1] Projeto financiado pelo PNP&D/Café (07.1.98.301-12) e CNPqRecebido em 04/07/2003 e aprovado para publicação em 03/09/2003

SISTEMA DE PRODUCCIÓN DE CAFÉ (Coffea arabica L.) EN LA COMUNIDAD DEL CERRO CUATE, ILIATENCO, GUERRERO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Delgado-Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de producción y comercialización de café en la comunidad del Cerro Cuate, Iliatenco, en la región de la Montaña de Guerrero, México.Diseño/Metodología/aproximación: el trabajo se realizó por; 1) investigación documental), 2) selección del área de estudio, 3) Entrevista estructurada con preguntas abiertas a 22 cafeticultores, soportada con la técnica de encuesta seccional y la herramienta de cédulas de entrevistas, y 4) análisis de la información. El tamaño de muestra se definió por el método de muestreo por conveniencia, y la selección de las unidades de análisis por la técnica bola de nieve. Resultados: El sistema de producción de café que predominó fue el sistema rústico de montaña, intercalado con plátano y frutales. La máxima productividad de las plantaciones se alcanza de 5.5 a 7.5años de edad, la renovación de plantas la hacen a los 12 años. El rendimiento de café fue de 3.7 kg por planta por año. La producción del café la realizan principalmente hombres (77.3%), entre 56 y 70años de edad. La venta se realiza en la presentación de café capulín a granel a intermediarios, a la ARIC, a CAFECO, a la Unión de Ejidos y a la Organización Mixtrui.Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Se da una propuesta de mejora para favorecer el proceso de producción, beneficio y comercialización del café.Hallazgos/conclusiones: Coffea arabica es el principal café que se cultiva, con las variedades Typica, Caturra, Mundo Novo, Garnica y Bourbón. Los factores que limitan su producción y calidad son faltade planeación en manejo del cultivo y no contar con asesoría técnica.

Deposição da calda de pulverização em diferentes volumes vegetativos de Coffea arabica L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Santinato ◽  
Renato Adriane Alves Ruas ◽  
Carlos Diego Silva ◽  
Rouverson Pereira Da Silva ◽  
Victor Afonso Reis Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

A disposição dos ramos e sobreposição das folhas em plantas de café dificultam a penetração da calda pulverizada. Portanto, para determinar o volume de calda adequado, é importante verificar o estado de enfolhamento da lavoura antes da aplicação. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar a deposição de caldas de pulverização em lavouras de café aplicadas em diferentes volumes vegetativos. Os tratamentos foram dispostos seguindo esquema de parcelas subdivididas em cada volume vegetativo (5.000; 7.500; 10.000 e 17.500 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>). Sendo as parcelas cinco volumes de calda (150, 300, 450, 600 e 750 L ha<sup>-1</sup>) e as subparcelas três posições no dossel do cafeeiro (terço superior, médio e inferior) com quatro repetições. Nos quatro volumes vegetativos estudados, não ocorreu interação significativa (p&gt;0,05) entre o volume aplicado e os diferentes volumes vegetativos. Porém, os volumes vegetativos de 5.000,0 e 17.500,0 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup> a deposição foi crescente com aumento das vazões, o que pode ser atribuído a densidade foliar. Não foi verificada diferença estatística (p&gt; 0,05), entre as médias de deposição nos diferentes terços (alturas) no dossel das plantas de café, nos volumes vegetativos 5.000,0 m<sup>3 </sup>ha<sup>-1</sup>, 10.000,0 m<sup>3 </sup>ha<sup>-1</sup> e 17.500,0 m<sup>3 </sup>ha<sup>-1</sup>. Contudo, no volume de 7.500,0 m<sup>3 </sup>ha<sup>-1</sup> houve maior deposição no terço mediano em relação ao terço inferior. A deposição é maior à medida que aumenta o volume de calda aplicado. Em plantas com menor densidade foliar, há incremento na deposição. A deposição é maior no terço mediano em relação ao terço inferior.

Pengelolaan Pemangkasan Tanaman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Kebun Blawan, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Vinsensia Febrina Sianturi ◽  
Ade Wachjar
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

<p><em>Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi</em><em>. </em><em>Kegiatan magang bertujuan mempelajari teknik budidaya</em><em> </em><em>tanaman</em><em> </em><em>dan</em><em> p</em><em>engelolaan</em><em> </em><em>perkebunan kopi, mempelajari dan menganalisis permasalahan yang dihadapi di lapangan mengenai pengelolaan pemangkasan serta solusi mengatasinya.</em><em> P</em><em>emangkasan </em><em>bertujuan </em><em>agar pohon tetap rendah sehingga mudah perawatannya, </em><em>dan </em><em>membentuk cabang-cabang produksi yang baru.</em><em> </em><em>Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Kebun Blawan, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur</em><em>,</em><em> mulai bulan Februari sampai dengan Juni 2014.</em><em> </em><em>Pengumpulan data </em><em>primer diperoleh melalui </em><em>pengamatan dan praktik kerja secara langsung meliputi kegiatan pemeliharaan tanaman yaitu pemangkasan lepas panen (pengamatan cabang-cabang tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah tunas yang tumbuh)</em><em>, sedangkan data sekunder </em><em>diperoleh melalui </em><em>laporan manajemen perusahaan. </em><em>A</em><em>nalisis </em><em>data </em><em>yang dilakukan secara</em><em> deskriptif, rata-rata dan persentase</em><em>. Pemangkasan yang dilakukan</em><em> </em><em>termasuk dalam kategori pemangkasan ringan.</em><em> Tanaman kopi </em><em>yang memiliki kondisi cabang yang merata dan seimbang sangat mempengaruhi </em><em>hasil </em><em>taksasi</em><em> produksi</em><em>.</em><em> Banyak cabang harus dipangkas karena cabang-cabang yang sudah tua dan terserang penyakit. Setelah melakukan pemangkasan, tanaman menghasilkan tunas-tunas baru</em><em>.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Unveiling a unique genetic diversity of cultivated Coffea arabica L. in its main domestication center: Yemen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Montagnon ◽  
A. Mahyoub ◽  
W. Solano ◽  
F. Sheibani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
The World ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Domestication Process ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Cup Quality

AbstractWhilst it is established that almost all cultivated coffee (Coffea arabica L.) varieties originated in Yemen after some coffee seeds were introduced into Yemen from neighboring Ethiopia, the actual coffee genetic diversity in Yemen and its significance to the coffee world had never been explored. We observed five genetic clusters. The first cluster, which we named the Ethiopian-Only (EO) cluster, was made up exclusively of the Ethiopian accessions. This cluster was clearly separated from the Yemen and cultivated varieties clusters, hence confirming the genetic distance between wild Ethiopian accessions and coffee cultivated varieties around the world. The second cluster, which we named the SL-17 cluster, was a small cluster of cultivated worldwide varieties and included no Yemen samples. Two other clusters were made up of worldwide varieties and Yemen samples. We named these the Yemen Typica-Bourbon cluster and the Yemen SL-34 cluster. Finally, we observed one cluster that was unique to Yemen and was not related to any known cultivated varieties and not even to any known Ethiopian accession: we name this cluster the New-Yemen cluster. We discuss the consequences of these findings and their potential to pave the way for further comprehensive genetic improvement projects for the identification of major resilience/adaptation and cup quality genes that have been shaped through the domestication process of C. arabica.

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