scholarly journals Effect of shoot topping intensity on 'Cabernet Franc' grapevine maturity in high-altitude region

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-950
Author(s):  
Douglas André Würz ◽  
José Luiz Marcon Filho ◽  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
Ricardo Allebrandt ◽  
Betina Pereira de Bem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Vegetative Canopy ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of 'Cabernet Franc' grape subjected to different levels of shoot topping. The experiment was conducted in the 2008 and 2009 vintages, and the levels of shoot topping consisted of: control, without topping; and reductions of 15, 30, and 45% in total leaf area. The effect of shoot topping intensity on the chemical composition of the 'Cabernet Franc' grape berries was observed. A reduction of 26% in the vegetative canopy through a moderate shoot topping increased the total polyphenol index and the anthocyanin content. Shoot topping is a practice that must be carried out with caution, since severe shoot topping, i.e., a reduction greater than 26% of the leaf area, may negatively impact grape quality by reducing the content of soluble solids and decreasing the total polyphenol index and the content of anthocyanins of 'Cabernet Franc' grape berries.

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze Crystallization on Quality Properties of Two Endemic Patagonian Berries Juices: Murta (Ugni molinae) and Arrayan (Luma apiculata)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
María Guerra-Valle ◽  
Siegried Lillo-Perez ◽  
Guillermo Petzold ◽  
Patricio Orellana-Palma
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Ugni Molinae

This work studied the effects of centrifugal block freeze crystallization (CBFC) on physicochemical parameters, total phenolic compound content (TPCC), antioxidant activity (AA), and process parameters applied to fresh murta and arrayan juices. In the last cycle, for fresh murta and arrayan juices, the total soluble solids (TSS) showed values close to 48 and 54 Brix, and TPCC exhibited values of approximately 20 and 66 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 grams dry matter (d.m.) for total polyphenol content, 13 and 25 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents/100 grams d.m. for total anthocyanin content, and 9 and 17 mg quercetin equivalents/100 grams d.m. for total flavonoid content, respectively. Moreover, the TPCC retention indicated values over 78% for murta juice, and 82% for arrayan juice. Similarly, the AA presented an increase over 2.1 times in relation to the correspondent initial AA value. Thus, the process parameters values were between 69% and 85% for efficiency, 70% and 88% for percentage of concentrate, and 0.72% and 0.88 (kg solutes/kg initial solutes) for solute yield. Therefore, this work provides insight about CBFC on valuable properties in fresh Patagonian berries juices, for future applications in health and industrial scale.

scholarly journals Increased Organic Fertilizer and Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Increased Fungal Diversity and the Abundance of Beneficial Fungi on the Grape Berry Surface in Arid Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnan Wu ◽  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
Fengyun Zhao ◽  
Benzhou Zhao ◽  
Fesobi Olumide Phillip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Beneficial Fungi

Fertilizer practices can significantly impact the fruit quality and microbial diversity of the orchards. The fungi on the surface of fruits are essential for fruit storability and safety. However, it is not clear whether fertilization affects the fungal diversity and community structure on the surface of grape berries. Here, grape quality and the fungal diversity on the surface of grapes harvested from three fertilizer treatments were analyzed shortly after grape picking (T0) and following 8 days of storage (T1). The study involved three treatments: (1) common chemical fertilizer for 2 years (CH); (2) increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer for 1 year (A.O); and (3) increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer for 2 years (B.O). The application of increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer increased the soluble solids content (SSC) of the grape berries and decreased the pH of the grape juice. A total of 827,947 high-quality fungal sequences were recovered and assigned to 527 operational taxonomic units. Members of the Ascomycota phylum were dominant in all samples and accounted for 94.41% of the total number of detected sequences, followed by the Basidiomycota (5.05%), and unidentified fungi (0.54%). Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed significantly different fungal populations in the three fertilizer treatments over the two time periods. The fungal diversity and richness on the grape berry surface in the B.O and A.O treatments were higher than those in the CH treatment. Among the detected fungi, the B.O treatments were mainly Pichia, Aureobasidium, and Candida genera, while the CH treatments were Botrytis, Aspergillus, and Penicillium. Moreover, significant differences were revealed between the two assessment times (T0 and T1). The samples from the T0 timepoint had higher fungal richness and diversity than the samples from T1 timepoint. Increasing organic fertilizer usage in grape management could improve grape quality and went on to increase the fungal diversity, as well as the relative abundance (RA) of beneficial fungi on grape berry surfaces. The correlation analysis suggested that the pH of the grape juice was significantly negatively correlated with fungal diversity parameters.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Physical Characteristics of Fruits of Two Cultivars of Blue Honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) in Relation to their Degree of Maturity and Harvest Date

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Dariusz OCHMIAN ◽  
Katarzyna SKUPIEN ◽  
Jozef GRAJKOWSKI ◽  
Milosz SMOLIK ◽  
Krystyna OSTROWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Blue Honeysuckle

The aim of study was to compare yield, fruit quality, chemical composition and fruits colour of berries of two blue honeysuckle(Lonicera caerulea L.) cultivars of Polish bred ‘Wojtek’ and ‘Brązowa’ collected at the beginning and at the end of harvest season,respectively. On average, ‘Wojtek’ yielded 1565 g per bush, whereas ‘Brązowa’ 1941 g. During the fruit ripening process, considerablechanges were found in the fruit colour. Fruits of both cultivars became darker and their colour changed from green and yellow to redand blue. With the changes in fruit colour, considerable changes in firmness also occurred. Fruit ripening reduced fruit firmness andpuncture resistance. For both genotypes, the berries of late harvest were bigger and richer in soluble solids and total polyphenol, however,they showed decreased firmness, lower acidity, and L-ascorbic acid content. Nevertheless the time of harvest, ‘Wojtek’ berries surpassed‘Brązowa’ fruit regarding soluble solids, titratable acidity and L-ascorbic acid content (for late-crop berries of both cultivars 14.1>12.6%,3.4>2.7 g citric acid 100 g1, and 76>56 mg 100 mL-1. Further, ‘Wojtek’ berries showed higher total polyphenol content (149.30 and183.66 mg∙100 g-1, for early and late ripening fruit, respectively) compared to that of ‘Brązowa’ (125.51 and 175.67 mg 100 g-1). Amongphenolics, anthocyanins made the substantial group ranging from 94.47 mg 100 g-1 (‘Brązowa’ berries of early harvest) to 141.96 mg 100g-1 (late ‘Wojtek’ fruit).

scholarly journals 186 Berry Quality and Photosynthate Partitioning in Response to Plant Growth Regulators in Grape

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 422E-422
Author(s):  
H. Yakushiji ◽  
K. Morinaga ◽  
Y. Koshita
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
C Distribution ◽  
Berry Maturation

The effects of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on berry maturation and photoassimilates partitioning were investigated. Five-year-old potted `Kyoho' grape grown under a non-heating glasshouse were used. TIBA (200 mg/L) and NAA (200 mg/L) were applied to clusters at the beginning of veraison (45 days after full bloom). TIBA application increased not only soluble solids concentration in the juice but also anthocyanin content of peel, compared with those of control. On the other hand, the application of NAA reduced berry growth and delayed the berry maturation with harder flesh, lower soluble solids, higher acidity and poor coloration. In order to examine the effect of both plant growth regulators on photoassimilates partitioning in plant tissues, the whole plants were fed with 13CO2 at 10 days and 20 days after application of TIBA and NAA. The 13C distribution of pericarp and peel in NAA application was found on the lowest among the treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the 13C distribution and 13C absorption rate of pericarps between TIBA and control. These results indicate that NAA weakened the sink activity in grape berries, resulted in smaller berry size and the delay of maturation, whereas the berry ripening induced by TIBA application could not be explained by the distribution of photoassimilates in grape berries.

VARIABILITY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF STRAWBERRY SELECTED HYBRID FORMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Е. V. Zhbanova ◽  
I. V. Lukyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Range Of Variation

 The paper analysed three-year data (2017–2019) for chemical composition of fruit in promising selected strawberry seedlings (totally-more than 100 forms) from genetical pool of the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center. Average values and the range of variation in the content of the main food and biologically active substances have been determined: soluble solids percentage varies from 8.7–17.0 % (mean 12.4 %), total sugars 5.8–13.2 % (mean 8.8 %), titrable acids — 0.54–1.34 % (mean 0.56 %), ascorbic acid — 44.0–110.4 mg/100 g (mean 72.9 mg/100 g), anthocyanins — 7.3–145.4 mg/100 g (mean 56.8 mg/100 g). In 2019 year the following selected forms 915-104 (298-22-19-21×Feyerverk), 20-8 (Prazdnichnaya×Dedanka), 28-19 (Lakomaya×Maryshka), 921-7 ([(516-167×Cardinal)×Feyerverk); 30-5 (Feyerverk×Privlekatelnaya) are characterized by high sugar accumulation (up to 10.0 %). In 2018 year the high vitamin C content (more over 100.0 mg/100 g) was observed in selected seedlings 914-27, 91459 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 56-9, 56-12 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya); high anthocyanin content (over 100.0 mg/100 g) was demonstrated (in selected seedlings 928-12 (298-19-9-43×Privlekatelnaya), 35-16 (922-67×Maryshka), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 21-44 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon). High and stable content of soluble solids, sugars and optimal acidity of fruit are registered in selected seedlings 26-5 (Rubinovy Kulon×298-19-9-43), 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya). The selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 56-8, 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya) exhibited the stable level of vitamin C content. High and stable anthocyanin content was confirmed in selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 21-14 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon) and 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka). According to the complex of biochemical characteristics the following selected forms were identified from the hybrid combination Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya: 914-27 (ascorbic acid — 90.2 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 81.6 mg/100 g, sugars — 9.4 %), 914-9 (ascorbic acid — 89.8 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 90.3 mg/100 g, sugars — 8.4 %). 

Inactivation of Yeast on Grapes by Plasma-Activated Water and Its Effects on Quality Attributes

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Guo ◽  
Kang Huang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Chenang Lyu ◽  
Nannan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Preservation ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Plasma Activated Water

ABSTRACT Plasma-activated water (PAW) is a promising nonthermal technology in food preservation and food safety. The inactivation efficacy of PAW was investigated against Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1374 inoculated on grape berries. PAW30 and PAW60 were obtained by activating water with plasma for 30 and 60 min, respectively. Grapes were directly treated with PAW, and a 0.38- to 0.53-log CFU/ml reduction of S. cerevisiae was achieved in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The oxidation-reduction potential and pH values of PAW30 and PAW60 were also in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Grape quality assessment demonstrated no significant change in surface color and total anthocyanin content after 30 min of PAW60 treatment (P > 0.05). Although grape quality was unaffected by PAW in this study, this technology should be optimized to enhance inactivation efficiency.

scholarly journals Wine grape quality of grapevines grown in the cerrado ecoregion of Brazil

OENO One ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Renata Vieira Da Mota ◽  
Ana Carolina Favero ◽  
Camila Pinheiro Carvalho Silva ◽  
Eduardo Purgatto ◽  
Tânia Misuzu Shiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Minas Gerais State

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Geographical indication plays an important role in the improvement of wine quality. In this context, the search for new grape growing areas has been constant. The São Francisco River Valley in the cerrado of Minas Gerais State (Brazil) has been pointed out in the Geoviticulture Multicriteria Climatic Classification System (MCC System) as a potentially winegrowing region, especially considering the autumn-winter period when night temperatures are favorable to grape ripening. In this work, we studied the maturation curves and fruit composition of four wine grape varieties (Syrah, Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc) in two growing seasons in order to validate the state of Minas Gerais as a new winegrowing region in Brazil.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Quality parameters (berry weight, pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids) were measured weekly from véraison to harvest, and sugar, organic acid, anthocyanin and phenolic concentrations were determined in must and berry skins and seeds at harvest. Syrah berries showed the highest weight throughout maturation which contributed to higher yield (8.92 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>), followed closely by Merlot (8.07 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>). Berry sugar concentrations were higher and malic acid levels were lower than the values usually observed in wine grapes harvested during summer in traditional winegrowing regions in Brazil. Cabernet Franc showed lower levels of anthocyanins and skin phenolics per kg berries and the highest values of seed phenolics, which were not affected by growing season.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Weather conditions of the cerrado of Minas Gerais State in Brazil during winter allowed complete maturation of Cabernet-Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot and Syrah cultivars as revealed by the satisfactory sugar, anthocyanin and skin phenolic accumulation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: This study revealed the potential of the cerrado ecoregion in the northeast of Minas Gerais to become a new winemaking region in Brazil.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of mechanical pre-bloom defoliation on cordon de Royat pruned Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.) vines

OENO One ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Filippetti ◽  
Gianluca Allegro ◽  
Gabriele Valentini ◽  
Chiara Pastore ◽  
Stefano Poni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Mechanical Approach ◽  
Positive Effect

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Recent trials on Sangiovese vines have shown that hand defoliation of shoot basal leaves at pre-bloom is effective in reducing fruit set and yield, leading to better grape composition and quality. The present work was performed to assess whether similar outcomes could be obtained by a more economically viable mechanical approach, which appears to be extremely attractive in cultivars such as Sangiovese, marked by high or very high yield potential and heavy, fairly compact clusters quite sensitive to rot.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The trial was designed to compare pre-bloom mechanical defoliation (MD), hand defoliation (HD) and no defoliation (C) on Sangiovese vertical shoot positioned and spur pruned cordon de Royat trained vines. In the HD treatment, the first six basal leaves of each shoot were removed (70 % of leaf area), whereas in the MD treatment 33 % of the leaf area was removed from the basal part of the shoots. HD and MD compared to C reduced fruit set (HD = 29.8%; MD = 24.2%; C = 35.5 %), yield per shoot (HD = 546 g; MD = 516 g; C = 764 g), cluster weight (HD = 292 g; MD = 272 g; C = 382 g) and berry weight (HD = 2.17 g; MD = 2.31 g; C = 2.45 g), but improved total soluble solids (HD = 23.0 °Brix; MD = 22.5 °Brix; C = 20.8 °Brix) and total anthocyanins (HD = 837 mg/kg of grapes; MD = 744 mg/kg of grapes; C = 647 mg/kg of grapes). Leaf photosynthesis, measured in 2007, increased only temporarily after HD and MD as compared to control.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The pre-bloom HD of shoot basal leaves confirmed its positive effect on crop yield control and grape composition, leading to better grape quality. The pre-bloom MD of the basal part of the shoots maintained most of the advantages associated with HD, although only half of the leaf area removed by hand was removed by the machine.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: Pre-bloom mechanical defoliation can replace hand defoliation and partially replace the time-consuming and costly manual cluster thinning technique, which is often used in high yield cultivars such as Sangiovese.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilization on nutritive value and biological activity of chokeberry fruit

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SKUPIEN ◽  
J. OSZMIANSKI
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Polyphenol

The aim of the study was to assess whether an extra fertilization with manganese, commercial fertilizer Alkalin (N, K and Si), and combined treatment (manganese + Alkalin) affect the chemical composition of chokeberry fruits (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot), especially sugar content and the quantity and profile of phenolics. Dry weight, soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose, vitamin C, total polyphenol (gallic acid equivalents); 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity; and phenolics profile were measured from the fruits harvested from different treatments. Chokeberries treated with manganese showed high content of non-identified phenolic acids [101.15 mg per 100 g fresh weight (FW), these compounds were not detected in fruit treated with Alkalin and manganese + Alkalin], and the highest content of cyanidin glycosides (813.75 mg per 100 g FW). The fruits treated with Alkalin displayed the highest content of quercetin derivatives (40.88 mg per 100 g FW) and eriodictyol 7-glucuronide (26.43 mg per 100g FW). Chokeberries in control treatments had the highest content of dry weight (30.76% FW), soluble solids (24.1% FW), total sugar (20.92% FW), vitamin C (8.4 mg 100 g–1 FW), total polyphenol (2377.1 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g FW), the highest 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical % inhibition (38.1%), highest content of chlorogenic acids (210.38 mg per 100 g FW), (-)epicatechin (32.18 mg per 100 g FW) and the highest degree of procyanidin polimerization (59). The results indicate that applied fertilization exerted differential influence on chemical composition of aronia fruits.;

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