scholarly journals Diversity and genetic struture in cajá tree (spondias mombin l.) populations in northeastern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Luiza Suely Semen Martins ◽  
Visêldo Ribeiro de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Spondias Mombin ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Good Representative

Spondias mombin L. is a fruit tree from the American continent from the Anacardiaceae family. In Brazil it is common in different vegetation types but is more frequent in the Atlantic and Amazonian rainforests. It is economically important because of its fruits, which are widely consumed raw or processed as fruit jellies, juices and ice creams. The leaves have great importance in the pharmaceutical industry because of their antibacterial properties. In the state of Pernambuco, cajá tree is widely distributed in the Zona da Mata region and less frequently in the Agreste and Sertão areas. In this work diversity and genetic structure were studied in four populations of cajá tree from Pernambuco's Zona da Mata, Northeast Brazil, using isozymes polymorphism analyses from electrophoreses. The result showed 100% of polymorphism (P) for nine alleles <img src="/img/revistas/rbf/v31n1/a24car02.jpg" align="absmiddle"> and the average of alleles per locus s was 2.4. The expected heterozygosity <img src="/img/revistas/rbf/v31n1/a24car01.jpg" align="absmiddle">ranged from 0.530 to 0.574 and the observed heterozygosity <img src="/img/revistas/rbf/v31n1/a24car03.jpg" align="absmiddle">, from 0.572 to 0.735. It was not observed inbreeding and the average F IT was -0.175, whereas within population inbreeding (f) varied from -0.08 to- 0.37. The genetic divergence among the populations (F ST) ranged from 0.006 to 0.028 and the average was 0.026. The average of estimated gene flow (Nm) was high (5.27). The CG-IPA population, corresponding to the germplasm collection of IPA, showed more than 96% of genetic similarity with other populations; therefore, it is a good representative of the existent genetic diversity in the Zona da Mata region.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in fruits of clone and ungrafted genotypes of yellow mombin tree

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Vanessa Gomes da Silva ◽  
Silvanda de Melo Silva ◽  
Gerciane Cabral da Silva ◽  
Rejane Maria Nunes Mendonça ◽  
Ricardo Elesbão Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Spondias Mombin ◽  
Acid Method ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Semi Arid

Yellow mombin is a fruit tree that grows spontaneously in the Semi-Arid Northeastern Brazil. Its fruits are still extractively exploited. The pulp of yellow mombin fruit stands out regarding the commercial aspect due to the characteristic flavor and aroma felt when consumed in diverse ways. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds, total extractable polyphenols, and antioxidant activity of yellow mombin fruits (Spondias mombin, L.), from clone and ungrafted genotypes. The fruits were harvested at commercial maturity from twelve yellow mombin tree genotypes from an experimental orchard located at the municipality of Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil, and evaluated for chlorophyll, carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, total extractable polyphenols, and antioxidant activity, which was measured by the β-carotene/linoleic acid method. The antioxidant activity showed a percentage of inhibition of oxidation higher than 75% for all genotypes evaluated at the time of 120 minutes. The fruits from clone genotypes showed a higher percentage of antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY AND GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF ARAÇÁ (Psidium guineense Sw.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDSON FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
RAFAELA LIMA DE ARAÚJO ◽  
CRISTINA DOS SANTOS RIBEIRO MARTINS ◽  
LUIZA SUELY SEMEN MARTINS ◽  
ELIZABETH ANN VEASEY
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Differentiation Index

ABSTRAT: Psidium guineense Sw, popularly known as araçá, is a fruit tree there is widely distributed in Brazil and belongs to the Myrtaceae family. In northeastern Brazil, araçá occurs along coast and in the Zona da Mata; its fruit looks like guava but is more acidic and has a stronger smell. There is a little information about this species, which increases the difficulty of conserving its genetic resources and exploiting araçá as an economic resource. The objective of this research was the evaluation of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of P. guineense from Pernambuco's Zona da Mata. One hundred and fourteen individuals and 18 isozyme loci were evaluated, showing 28 alleles. The percentage of polymorphic loci () and the average number of alleles per locus () were 0.5 and 1.5, respectively, in this population. The expected heterozygosity, which corresponds to the genetic diversity, ranged from 0.22 to 0.23, a high value when considering that isozymes mark access from the functional genome. The differentiation index among the population was () = 0.015; therefore, the populations were not different among the sampled places. The inbreeding values () ranged from -0.549 to -0.794, indicating an absence of inbreeding and a greater-than-expected heterozygosity in all the studied populations. The estimated gene flow (Nm) for a pair of this population ranged from 3.23 to 20.77, sufficient to avoid genetic differentiation among the population and in accordance with the values of genetic divergence found in this study.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in physic nuts cultivated in Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanice Dias Oliveira ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani ◽  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Ana da Silva Lédo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

This research had as objective to characterize genetically individuals of physic nut cultivated in experimental areas in Sergipe, Brazil by means of RAPD molecular markers. Leaves of 40 individuals were collected and DNA was isolated using CTAB 2% method. Were used 30 primers RAPD for DNA amplification, and this data was used to estimate the genetic similarity among the pairs of individuals, using Jaccard coefficient, and group them out for the UPGMA method. Also, the genetic structure and diversity of the populations were assessed using AMOVA. Of the 100 fragments generated, 29 of were polymorphic. A similarity average of 0.54 among the individuals was found and the amplitude similarities varied from 0.18 to 1.00. One of them (U5) was unit clusters and formed by the most divergent individuals. AMOVA indicated that there is more variation within (63%) the population. In conclusion, it was possible verify genetic variability in physic nut using RAPD markers at these experimental areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of relationships among and within Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) species by using ISSR markers and morphological traits

Hacquetia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valiollah Mozaffarian ◽  
Mitra Arman ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Abstract This study conducted to determine relationship among and within Iranian Helichrysum species (Asteraceae). In this study based on ISSR markers, the highest percentage of ISSR loci polymorphism (54.7%) occurred in H. armenium. The highest gene diversity over loci (1.224), Shannon’s Information Index (0.224%) and Expected Heterozygosity (0.142%) occurred in H. armenium (0.18) and the lowest of these parameters (0%) were observed in H. araxinum, H. graveolens, H. persicum and H. psychrophilum. The highest genetic similarity occurred between H. armenium and H. rubicundum (0.989), while the lowest was between H. polyphyllum and H. graveolens (0.213). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), showed significant genetic variation among (24%) and within (76%) species. In morphological analysis traits such as indumentum, resting bud, achene length, achenial papillae, dimension of receptacle and form and apex of phyllaries were main diagnostic features. Results obtained from the morphological cluster were greatly consistent with the molecular data, to elucidating taxonomic relationships, as well as both attributed the higher diversity in H. armenium and H. rubicundum in comparison with other species and also indicated that H. persicum is a member of H. oocephalum species. Totally we confirmed the presence of 18 species in Iran.

EVALUATION OF A GERMPLASM COLLECTION OF SOME FRUIT TREE VARIETIES CONCERNING GENETIC RESISTANCE TO ABIOTIC FACTORS

2009 ◽  
pp. 835-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Neamtu ◽  
A. Barbulescu ◽  
A. Petcu ◽  
A. Ilie ◽  
M.-M. Vlad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Fruit Tree

scholarly journals Predation of Hemidactylus mabouia (Sauria: Gekkonidae) by a vine snake Oxybelis aeneus  (Serpentes: Colubridae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment, Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissa Dellefrate Franzini ◽  
Carmem Karime Bacalháo Pedro ◽  
Lucas Barbosa De Queiroga Cavalcanti ◽  
Daniel Oliveira Mesquita
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historia Natural ◽  
Hemidactylus Mabouia

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Oxybelis aeneus</em> (Wagler, 1824) é uma espécie de serpente arborícola de ampla distribuição no continente americano cuja dieta é composta principalmente por vertebrados, como lagartos. Diversas espécies de lagartos já foram reportadas como presas desta serpente, incluindo a espécie exótica <em>Hemidactylus mabouia</em> (Moreau de Jonnèes, 1818). Aqui descrevemos em detalhes um evento de predação de <em>H. mabouia</em> por <em>O. aeneus</em>,  ampliando o conhecimento acerca da história natural  de ambas as espécies à literatura científica.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Palavras chave</strong>: Dieta, ecologia alimentar, lagarto, presa, serpente.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract</strong>: <em>Oxybelis aeneus</em> (Wagler, 1824) is an arboreal snake species that is widely distributed in the American continent whose diet is composed mainly by vertebrates, such as lizards. Several lizard species have already been reported as prey of this snake, including the alien species <em>Hemidactylus mabouia</em> (Moreau de Jones, 1818). Herein we describe in details a predation event of <em>H. mabouia</em> by <em>O. aeneus</em>, widening our knowledge regarding the natural history of both species to scientific literature.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Key words</strong>: Diet, feed ecology, lizard, prey, snake.</p>

scholarly journals Preferential water flow through decayed root channels enhances soil water infiltration: Evaluation in distinct vegetation types under semi-arid conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Lin Wu ◽  
Manuel López‐Vicente ◽  
Ze Huang ◽  
Zeng Cui ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. Topsoil desiccation alters soil physical characteristics and seriously limits plant growth in semi-arid and arid areas. The phenomenon of dried soil layer has generated increasing attention, but the process of preferential flow through decayed root channels – when the plants decompose after death – and its benefits on soil water supply in the soil dry layers are rarely evaluated. This study examines the effects of root channels on soil infiltrability in three contrasted vegetation types developed in a loessial soil, namely: Scrubland (Caragana korshinskii), fruit tree plantation (Armeniaca vulgaris) and grassland (Medicago sativa; using data from a previous study); setting bare land as control. The infiltration rates of the alive and decayed specimens were measured using a double-ring infiltrometer, and methylene blue allowed us to trace the pathways of water flow. Results indicated that scrubland species had the highest steady infiltration rates, which were about 23 % and 83 % higher than those rates measured in the fruit tree plantation and grasslands, respectively. Regarding root geometry, the steady infiltration rates were significantly and positively correlated with the average root channel diameter (ARCD) and area (RCA). Under the same root diameter conditions, soil water infiltrability significantly improved in the decayed root plots and compared with the alive root plots. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the effects of root channels of different degraded vegetation types on soil moisture and infiltrability, which are conductive to provide knowledge base in the research of hydrological processes in degraded soils in water-scarce regions.

scholarly journals Morphological diversity of current melons (Cucumis melo) compared to a medieval type

2007 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Lajos Horváth ◽  
Gábor Gyulai ◽  
Zoltán Szabó ◽  
Richárd Lágler ◽  
Zoltán Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Morphological Reconstruction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Traits ◽  
Insight Into

Morphological diversity of melon (Cucumis melo); phenotype reconstruction of a medieval sample. Morphological diversity among 47 melon (Cucumis melo) cultivars and landraces from Hungarian germplasm collection (ABI, Tápiószele) were analyzed with an ultimate aim to characterize morphologically cv. Hógolyó, which showed the closest genetic similarity to a medieval melon recovered from the 15th century. Cultivars based on fruit morphology were grouped into the three main types of melon as reticulatus, cantalupensis and inodorus. Cluster analysis (by SPSS-11) based on 23 morphological (quantitative and qualitative) traits recorded revealed an extreme diversity among accessions, nevertheless cultivars were clustered into main melon clusters with only two exceptions of inodorus type cv. Zimovka J. and Afghanistan. Cultivars Sweet ananas and Ezüst ananász; and  two Hungarian landraces Kisteleki and Nagycserkeszi showed close similarity. Cultivars Hógolyó and Túrkeve of inodorus typewere also grouped in one cluster, which provide insight into the morphological reconstruction of the medieval melon recovered from the 15th century. These results also indicate that old Hungarian landraces could be re-introduced into breeding programs for broadening genetic base of melon.

scholarly journals GENETIC SIMILARITY OF Macrophomina pseudophaseolina ISOLATES ASSOCIATED WITH WEEDS IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 908-917
Author(s):  
TALISON EUGÊNIO DA COSTA ◽  
ANDRÉIA MITSA PAIVA NEGREIROS ◽  
MATHEUS DE FREITAS SOUZA ◽  
RUI SALES JÚNIOR ◽  
IONÁ SANTOS ARAÚJO HOLANDA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Vine Decline ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

ABSTRACT Macrophomina pseudophaseolina has recently been reported in association with weeds in melon producing areas in Northeastern Brazil. Species from this genus are the causal agents of root rot and vine decline (RRVD) in melon, reducing its productivity. It is needed to know the genetic variability of the pathogen to develop effective control methods. Thus, this work aimed to assess the genetic diversity among M. pseudophaseolina isolates collected from the weeds Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Boerhavia diffusa L. using ISSR and RAPD markers. For this, 41 M. pseudophaseolina isolates were submitted to amplification with five ISSR and ten RAPD primers. Genetic similarity was analyzed using the Jaccard’s coefficient and cluster analysis was performed by the UPGMA method. Combining data from both markers, the 41 isolates were separated into eight groups. Most groups were not arranged according to geographical origin and host of the pathogen. The genetic similarity among isolates ranged from 0.15 to 0.87. On the other hand, the highest genetic dissimilarity (85%) was observed between the isolate MpBr11, collected from T. portulacastrum in Icapuí (CE), and MpBr65, collected from B. diffusa in Assú (RN). Results obtained herein can assist breeding programs for the selection of resistance sources and the development of effective control methods against RRVD in melon.

scholarly journals Diversity in Cucumber Genotypes Based on Morphological Traits and SSR Molecular Markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobhan Normohamadi ◽  
Mahmood Solouki ◽  
Forouzan Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Jaccard Similarity Coefficient ◽  
High Diversity

ABSTRACT: Biodiversity is one of the most important factors in the survival and improvement of any species. Therefore, germplasm collection is the first step for plant improvement. To investigate their genetic and morphological relationships, 10 morphological traits of 20 genotypes of local cucumbers were evaluated using 9 SSR primers. A high genetic variability was observed for the number of flowers per plant. The values of the Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged between 0.51 and 0.92, indicating a high diversity of the genotypes. To evaluate the genetic similarity among genotypes, a cluster analysis using the UPGMA method was performed based on the Jaccard similarity coefficient. The average genetic distance between genotypes (using the Jaccard similarity coefficient) was 0.74 and the mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.69. The primer SSR13251 had the highest PIC (0.8). The clustering pattern of the SSR markers did not coincide with the groupings based on quantitative traits. A dendrogram of the cluster analysis of molecular data showed a high diversity among the studied genotypes. The highest genetic similarity was between genotypes 2 and 3 (0.94), and the lowest genetic similarity was between genotypes 6 and 12 (0.51). The results suggest that SSR markers are a suitable tool to study the genetic diversity and relationships among different genotypes in cucumber.

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