scholarly journals Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Di Domenico ◽  
Raíssa Canova ◽  
Lucas de Figueiredo Soveral ◽  
Cristian O. Nied ◽  
Márcio Machado Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Immune Parameter ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Agglutination

ABSTRACT: The immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan were evaluated in silver catfish. β-glucan was added to the diet (0.01%, and 0.1%) and fed to the fish for 21 days, to evaluate effects on blood and some innate immune parameter, or fed for 42 days, to evaluate growth rate and resistance to challenge with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. We found that adding β-glucan to the diet had no effect on fish growth and no effect on blood cells, or serum bacterial agglutination and serum myeloperoxidase activity. However, fish that received β-glucan in the diet had the natural hemolytic activity of complement significantly higher compared to control fish. Furthermore, fish fed with β-glucan and challenged with A. hydrophila had fewer bacteria in blood and presented a significantly higher survival rate compared to control fish. Thus, we concluded that β-glucan might be explored as feed additive aiming to improve silver catfish innate immunity and resistance to specific pathogen.

Retardation and Recovery of Growth in Brook Trout Fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) Exposed for Various Durations to Acidified Water

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Tam ◽  
P. D. Payson ◽  
R. J. J. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
Neutral Water

Brook trout fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to pH 4.66 for various durations up to 141 d and then returned to neutral water. Growth of test fish was in general significantly lower than that of control fish for exposures up to days 45–78. In four of six groups of acid-treated fish, growth eventually recovered and the growth rates were not different from that of control fish. The results suggested that growth inhibition was induced early in the exposure to sublethally low pH and that recovery in the latter phase of the experiment occurred whether pH remained acidic or was readjusted to neutral.

Essential oil ofAloysia triphyllaas feed additive promotes growth of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Zeppenfeld ◽  
D.R. Hernández ◽  
J.J. Santinón ◽  
B.M. Heinzmann ◽  
M.A. da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

Innate immune response of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to atrazine

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Kreutz ◽  
Leonardo José Gil Barcellos ◽  
Ezequiel Davi dos Santos ◽  
Mateus Pivato ◽  
Rafael Zanatta
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

scholarly journals The Translocator Protein (TSPO) in Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Immune Processes

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calina Betlazar ◽  
Ryan J. Middleton ◽  
Richard Banati ◽  
Guo-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Translocator Protein ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Cellular Bioenergetics ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Protein

The translocator protein (TSPO) is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is widely used as a biomarker of neuroinflammation, being markedly upregulated in activated microglia in a range of brain pathologies. Despite its extensive use as a target in molecular imaging studies, the exact cellular functions of this protein remain in question. The long-held view that TSPO plays a fundamental role in the translocation of cholesterol through the mitochondrial membranes, and thus, steroidogenesis, has been disputed by several groups with the advent of TSPO knockout mouse models. Instead, much evidence is emerging that TSPO plays a fundamental role in cellular bioenergetics and associated mitochondrial functions, also part of a greater role in the innate immune processes of microglia. In this review, we examine the more direct experimental literature surrounding the immunomodulatory effects of TSPO. We also review studies which highlight a more central role for TSPO in mitochondrial processes, from energy metabolism, to the propagation of inflammatory responses through reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation. In this way, we highlight a paradigm shift in approaches to TSPO functioning.

Effects of chlorantraniliprole insecticide on innate immune response of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) naturally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 104584
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Sutili ◽  
Jaqueline I. Golombieski ◽  
Silvana I. Schneider ◽  
Eduardo K. Battisti ◽  
Paulo H. Braz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

scholarly journals STING signaling and host defense against microbial infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghyun Ahn ◽  
Glen N. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Type I ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Immune Signaling ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Innate Immune Signaling ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Microbial Dna

AbstractThe first line of host defense against infectious agents involves activation of innate immune signaling pathways that recognize specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Key triggers of innate immune signaling are now known to include microbial-specific nucleic acid, which is rapidly detected in the cytosol of the cell. For example, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) have evolved to detect viral RNA species and to activate the production of host defense molecules and cytokines that stimulate adaptive immune responses. In addition, host defense countermeasures, including the production of type I interferons (IFNs), can also be triggered by microbial DNA from bacteria, viruses and perhaps parasites and are regulated by the cytosolic sensor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING). STING-dependent signaling is initiated by cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) generated by intracellular bacteria following infection. CDNs can also be synthesized by a cellular synthase, cGAS, following interaction with invasive cytosolic self-DNA or microbial DNA species. The importance of STING signaling in host defense is evident since numerous pathogens have developed strategies to prevent STING function. Here, we review the relevance of STING-controlled innate immune signaling in host defense against pathogen invasion, including microbial endeavors to subvert this critical process.

scholarly journals Microbiota regulates type 1 diabetes through Toll-like receptors

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (32) ◽  
pp. 9973-9977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Burrows ◽  
Pavel Volchkov ◽  
Koichi S. Kobayashi ◽  
Alexander V. Chervonsky
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Nod Mice ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Immune Sensing ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Innate Immune Sensing

Deletion of the innate immune adaptor myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of type 1 diabetes (T1D) results in microbiota-dependent protection from the disease: MyD88-negative mice in germ-free (GF), but not in specific pathogen-free conditions develop the disease. These results could be explained by expansion of particular protective bacteria (“specific lineage hypothesis”) or by dominance of negative (tolerizing) signaling over proinflammatory signaling (“balanced signal hypothesis”) in mutant mice. Here we found that colonization of GF mice with a variety of intestinal bacteria was capable of reducing T1D in MyD88-negative (but not wild-type NOD mice), favoring the balanced signal hypothesis. However, the receptors and signaling pathways involved in prevention or facilitation of the disease remained unknown. The protective signals triggered by the microbiota were revealed by testing NOD mice lacking MyD88 in combination with knockouts of several critical components of innate immune sensing for development of T1D. Only MyD88- and TIR-domain containing adapter inducing IFN β (TRIF) double deficient NOD mice developed the disease. Thus, TRIF signaling (likely downstream of Toll-like receptor 4, TLR4) serves as one of the microbiota-induced tolerizing pathways. At the same time another TLR (TLR2) provided prodiabetic signaling by controlling the microbiota, as reduction in T1D incidence caused by TLR2 deletion was reversed in GF TLR2-negative mice. Our results support the balanced signal hypothesis, in which microbes provide signals that both promote and inhibit autoimmunity by signaling through different receptors, including receptors of the TLR family.

scholarly journals The Immunomodulatory Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Autoimmune Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Lian-jie Shi ◽  
Sheng-guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Αlpha-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring antioxidant in human body and has been widely used as an antioxidant clinically. Accumulating evidences suggested that α-lipoic acid might have immunomodulatory effects on both adaptive and innate immune systems. This review focuses on the evidences and potential targets involved in the immunomodulatory effects of α-lipoic acid. It highlights the fact that α-lipoic acid may have beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases once the immunomodulatory effects can be confirmed by further investigation.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc) untuk Memacu Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Belseran ◽  
Henky Manoppo
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Culture And Development

A research had been conducted to study  the effect ginger supplemented in feed on growth of nile tilapia.  Juveniles as much as 250 individuals  (mean weight 27.31 g) were obtained from Fish Culture and Development Board  (BP3I) Tateli. The fish were placed in plastic bags and transported to Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science.  Fish were then introduced in 15 aquaria at a density of 15 individuals per aquarium. Each aquarium was equipped with an aerator and used water recirculation system. After adaption for one weeks, fish was fed pellet supplemented with  ginger powder as treatments at five different doses including A=0, B=2,5, C=5, D=7,5, and  E=10 g/kg, each with three replications.  Fish was fed  treatment diets for four weeks at 3%/bw/day, twice daily at 08.00 am and 17.00 pm.  Growth data including absolute and relative growth were weighted at the end of feeding period. Research results showed that after four weeks of feeding, supplementation of ginger powder into fish pellet  significantly improved fish growth .  The growth of fish fed pellet supplemented with 7.5 g/kg of food was  and significantly different as compared to that of control fish.  It was concluded that supplementation of ginger powder into fish pellet potentially improved fish growth.   Keywords: Ginger, absolute growth,  relative growth, nile tilapia

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