Physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds produced with alternative potassium sources

The use of unconventional sources of K for plants has been widely studied, but the effects of alternative materials on physiological seed quality are still relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds after using different potassium sources in a crop succession. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with four replications. Treatments consisted of three K sources (KCl, alkaline rock and ground phonolite, with 58%, 11% and 8.42% of K2O, respectively) applied in four doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg K2O ha-1). Potassium doses were applied in soybean and their residual effects were evaluated on the following wheat crop. Soybean and wheat seeds were evaluated immediately after harvesting by tests for moisture content, seed weight, germination, first count, electrical conductivity, seedling length and seedling dry matter. Soybean plants fertilized with alternative sources of K produced heavier seeds with a lower coat permeability compared to KCl; the physiological quality of soybean seeds and the weight of wheat seeds increase due to higher K2O doses, independently of their source.

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Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds after desiccation with different herbicides

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n3172506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 254-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fábio Henrique Krenchinski ◽

Victor José Salomão Cesco ◽

Danilo Morilha Rodrigues ◽

Vinicius Gabriel Caneppele Pereira ◽

Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Some desiccation techniques for harvesting wheat may affect seed quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different desiccant herbicides applied to the wheat crop and their effects on the production and seed quality. The experiment was conducted with cultivar COODETEC 150 (CD 150) in two sites in Palotina (Paraná state, Brazil) with a randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments (desiccation herbicides) and 4 replications. Desiccation was realized when 50% of the plants were in stage 80 with seeds in powdery or mass consistency. The variables analyzed were percentage of moisture content after harvest, Yield, hectoliter weight, mass of 100 seeds, vigor, germination, fresh mass of seedlings, dry mass of seedlings and root length. The herbicides carfentrazone-ethyl and clethodim were the ones that promoted greatest reduction in vigor. The herbicide paraquat caused reduction in seedling length. There was a reduction in the mass of 100 seeds for glufosinate-ammonium, clethodim, diquat and carfentrazone-ethyl. Glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim and diquat caused reduction in yield. Desiccation of Cultivar CD 150 at stage 80 is not recommended, since plant Yield and physiological seed parameters were adversely affected by herbicides.

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Physiological Performance of Seeds and Level of Herbicide Residues Depending on Application of 2.4-D in Wheat

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

G.R. AISENBERG ◽

N.R. WESTENDORFF ◽

A.C. LANGARO ◽

L. VARGAS ◽

D. AGOSTINETTO

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Winter Season ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Total Percentage ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Dough Stage ◽

Wheat Seeds ◽

Maximum Limit

ABSTRACT: Horseweed control through application of 2.4-D in the winter season is an alternative to manage biotypes resistant to herbicides that belong to other mechanisms of action. The objectives of this study were to assess the physiological quality of wheat seeds and determine the rate of 2.4-D residue, as function of application stages and herbicide rates. The treatments were arranged in factorial scheme, with three application stages (flowering, soft dough and hard dough), and four 2.4-D rates (0; 504; 1,008 and 2,015 g a.i. ha-1). The application of 2.4-D in the wheat crop changed physiological seed quality by increased the rate and total percentage of germination. The application of 2.4-D resulted in herbicide accumulation in seeds, especially when application was carried out at the soft dough stage. Also, the increase in herbicide rate increased the level of residue in the seeds. However, regardless of stage of application for 2.4-D and herbicide rate in use, the values of residue found in the seeds were below the allowed maximum limit.

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Effect of seed vigor and sowing densities on the yield and physiological potential of wheat seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v43241586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Pereira Cardoso ◽

José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽

Jéssica de Lucena Marinho ◽

Claudemir Zucareli

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Initial Seed ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Initial seed vigor and sowing density interact in establishment of plants in the field, and can thus affect expression of the plasticity of the wheat crop and the yield and physiological quality of the seeds produced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seed vigor levels in combination with sowing densities on the yield and physiological potential of wheat seeds. The cultivars BRS Gralha-Azul and BRS Sabiá were used in a randomized block experimental design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of seeds of high and low vigor and four sowing densities (150, 250, 350, and 450 seeds.m-2). The following evaluations were made: seed yield, germination, first germination count, seedling length, seedling dry matter, accelerated aging, emergence speed index, and seedling emergence in sand. An increase in sowing density favors the seed yield of both cultivars; however, it reduces the vigor of the seeds produced by the cultivar BRS Gralha-Azul, especially of the seeds produced by plants originating from high vigor seeds. For the cultivar BRS Sabiá, an increase in sowing density decreases the germination performance of seeds produced by plants originating from low vigor seeds.

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PRODUTIVIDADE, QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E RESÍDUO EM SEMENTES DE TRIGO EM FUNÇÃO DA DESSECAÇÃO COM HERBICIDAS

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2018.v14.n3.a235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 132-143

Author(s):

Lizandro Ciciliano Tavares ◽

Sandro de Oliveira ◽

Bruno Moncks Silva ◽

Elisa Souza Lemes ◽

Francisco Amaral Villela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Ammonium Glufosinate ◽

Before And After ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Factor C ◽

And Control

In the wheat crop,pre-harvest desiccation with herbicides caninfluencethe productivity and physiological seed quality.The study aimed to quantify the yield, physiological seed quality,andresidue in wheat seeds.The experimental design was a randomized block designina 2x2x6 factorial, being thefactor A constituting of wheat cultivars (BRS 177 e BRS Umbu),the factor B application stages (before and after physiological maturation) and, factor C desiccation with different herbicides (2,4-D, paraquat, glyphosate, ammonium glufosinate, metsulfuron-methyl, and control) with four replications.The variables analyzed were thethousand seedsweight, hectoliter weight, number of antheciumper spike, seed yield, physiological seed quality by the vigortestsand standard germination, and residue in wheat seeds after the application of herbicides in pre-harvest.The desiccation in pre-harvest herbicide held at a later stage after physiological maturity, in general, does not affect the physiological quality and seed yield of BRS Umbu and BRS 177 cultivars. The application of methyl-metsulfuronand paraquat does not show residual effects on the seed independent of the application stage, while the application of ammonium glufosinate, glyphosate, and 2,4-D,when applied before the physiological maturity result residue levels in wheat seed.

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Sowing periods, agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean cultivars in the Planosol soil

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p994 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽

pp. 348-353

Author(s):

Geison Rodrigo Aisenberg ◽

Felipe Koch ◽

Gustavo Zimmer ◽

Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽

Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Morphological Attributes ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Soybean Plants

Understanding of sowing in an ideal season for each region and cultivar is essential for the crop to reach each of its stages in more favorable climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different sowing times on agronomic attributes of two soybean cultivars and the physiological quality of soybean seeds in soil type Eutrophic Haplic Planosol. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a factorial scheme 4 x 2, with four sowing times and two soybean cultivars, with eight replications. The sowing was executed at the beginning and end of November (1st and 2nd epochs) and beginning and end of January (3rd and 4th epochs), using the cultivars: Fundacep 64 RR and BMX Potência RR. The experiment was carried out in polyethylene vessels with volumetric capacity of 10 liters. The morphological attributes of the plants were evaluated, such as: height, stem diameter, number of pods and seeds per plant, 1000 seed weight, as well as seed germination and vigor. Seeding after January 1st negatively affected the agronomic behavior of soybean plants, with reduction of plant height, stem diameter, number of pods and seeds per plant. The sowing on November 1st favored the obtaining of seeds with lower physical quality in terms of 1000 seed weight; however, seeds with superior physiological performance. Late sowing showed an alternative for the production of soybean seeds in the South region of Rio Grande do Sul, mainly due to the higher quality of the seeds produced in this period.

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Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000200019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽

Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽

Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽

Thaís de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

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Physiological quality of dynamically cooled and stored soybean seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000300012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 353-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jacson Zuchi ◽

José de Barros França-Neto ◽

Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽

Adílio Flauzino de Lacerda Filho ◽

Múcio Silva Reis

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Process ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Feasible Alternative

Storage is an important step in the production of soybean seeds, mainly in tropical regions, where high temperatures can drastically reduce seed quality. The storage at cooler temperatures may be a feasible alternative to preserve seed quality during storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled by a dynamic process and stored in an environment, with non controlled temperature and relativity humidity. Two seed lots of cultivars Monsoy 8757, TMG 115 RR and BRS Valiosa RR were used. After processing and during packaging the seeds were cooled to 18 ºC by a dynamic process. Seed samples were collected after 0, 60 and 120 days of storage, using the following parameters germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand, speed of emergence index, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium and seed health. Although soybean seeds artificially cooled by the dynamic method may have slightly superior performance in maintaining physiological quality during storage in non-refrigerated warehouse, for lots of high physiological quality, these advantages are not observed.

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Fruit maturation stage on the physiological quality of maroon cucumber seeds

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632019v4953188 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

Author(s):

Cleisson Dener da Silva ◽

Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽

Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽

Jorge Luiz Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Rayane Aguiar Alves

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Maturation Stage ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Photography Analysis ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACT To obtain seeds of high physiological quality, it is of paramount importance to define the ideal harvest moment, which oftentimes corresponds to the period when the physiological maturity is reached. This experiment aimed to study the maturation process and determine the best harvest season of maroon cucumber fruits (Liso Gibão cultivar), in order to reach the maximum physiological seed quality. The flowers were labeled during the anthesis and the fruits harvested at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after the anthesis (DAA). The fruits had their visual aspects registered by photography analysis and, later, the seeds were extracted for physical (water and dry matter contents) and physiological (germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity) analyses. It was observed that the seeds reach the maximum dry mass (8.08 mg seed-1) between 47 and 49 DAA. However, the seed physiological maturity, characterized by a maximum germination (70 %) and vigor, occurs at 56 DDA. The best season to harvest seeds with a higher physiological quality takes place from 49 to 56 DDA, when the fruits present a yellowish color.

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Different harvest times and physiological quality of coriander seeds

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n2p133-137 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 133-137

Author(s):

Emilly R. Alkimim ◽

Andréia M. S. de S. David ◽

Tiago V. Sousa ◽

Cleiton G. Rodrigues ◽

Hugo T. R. Amaro

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Emergence Rate ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

First Moment

ABSTRACT The season of harvest is one of the most important factors influencing seed quality. This study evaluated the effect of different harvesting times on the physiological quality of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds, cv. Palmeira. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments (harvest times) and four replications. The experiment was conducted during the months of April to October 2010. The first moment to harvest seeds was carried out 15 days after full bloom, when approximately 50% of plants were in flowering phase. Other harvests (22, 29, 36, 43 and, 50 days after bloom) were carried out at 7 days intervals until the seeds reached 16.0% of moisture, which occurred in the 6th harvest. Immediately after each harvest, the seeds were analysed for water content, germination and vigor (first count, seedling emergence and emergence rate index). The harvest season most suitable for C. sativum seeds cv. Palmeira occurred between 46 and 50 days after flowering, when the seeds have the highest physiological quality and moisture content between 20 and 16%.

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Quality of Harvested Seed Associated with Soybean Cultivars and Herbicides Under Weed-Free Conditions

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2002.86.9.1036 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 86 (9) ◽

pp. 1036-1042 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

C. A. Bradley ◽

G. L. Hartman ◽

L. M. Wax ◽

W. L. Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Percent Germination ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Preemergence Herbicides ◽

Postemergence Herbicides ◽

Field Plots

Different herbicides were applied to soybean plants in field plots planted to different soybean cultivars located at four locations in Illinois between 1997 and 2000. Treatments varied from hand weeded to preemergence herbicides to postemergence herbicides. Soybean seeds were harvested and evaluated for different seed quality parameters. The percentage of seeds infected with Phomopsis spp. ranged from 1 to 40%, and the percentage of seeds infected with Cercospora kikuchii was low, ranging from 0 to 4%. Herbicides had little or no effect on seed quality parameters such as percent germination and incidence of seed pathogens or on protein and oil concentrations. Soybean seed quality was affected by Phomopsis spp. in that there were significant (P ≤ 0.05) inverse correlations between Phomopsis spp. incidence and percentage seed germination. It appears that Phomopsis spp. may be a more prevalent seed pathogen than C. kikuchii for soybean fields in central to northern Illinois.

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