PRODUTIVIDADE, QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E RESÍDUO EM SEMENTES DE TRIGO EM FUNÇÃO DA DESSECAÇÃO COM HERBICIDAS

In the wheat crop,pre-harvest desiccation with herbicides caninfluencethe productivity and physiological seed quality.The study aimed to quantify the yield, physiological seed quality,andresidue in wheat seeds.The experimental design was a randomized block designina 2x2x6 factorial, being thefactor A constituting of wheat cultivars (BRS 177 e BRS Umbu),the factor B application stages (before and after physiological maturation) and, factor C desiccation with different herbicides (2,4-D, paraquat, glyphosate, ammonium glufosinate, metsulfuron-methyl, and control) with four replications.The variables analyzed were thethousand seedsweight, hectoliter weight, number of antheciumper spike, seed yield, physiological seed quality by the vigortestsand standard germination, and residue in wheat seeds after the application of herbicides in pre-harvest.The desiccation in pre-harvest herbicide held at a later stage after physiological maturity, in general, does not affect the physiological quality and seed yield of BRS Umbu and BRS 177 cultivars. The application of methyl-metsulfuronand paraquat does not show residual effects on the seed independent of the application stage, while the application of ammonium glufosinate, glyphosate, and 2,4-D,when applied before the physiological maturity result residue levels in wheat seed.

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Physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds produced with alternative potassium sources

Revista Brasileira de Sementes ◽

10.1590/s0101-31222011000200019 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 363-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mariana Zampar Toledo ◽

Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro ◽

Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽

Rogério Peres Soratto ◽

João Nakagawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Alkaline Rock ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Potassium Sources ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

Wheat Seeds

The use of unconventional sources of K for plants has been widely studied, but the effects of alternative materials on physiological seed quality are still relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds after using different potassium sources in a crop succession. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with four replications. Treatments consisted of three K sources (KCl, alkaline rock and ground phonolite, with 58%, 11% and 8.42% of K2O, respectively) applied in four doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg K2O ha-1). Potassium doses were applied in soybean and their residual effects were evaluated on the following wheat crop. Soybean and wheat seeds were evaluated immediately after harvesting by tests for moisture content, seed weight, germination, first count, electrical conductivity, seedling length and seedling dry matter. Soybean plants fertilized with alternative sources of K produced heavier seeds with a lower coat permeability compared to KCl; the physiological quality of soybean seeds and the weight of wheat seeds increase due to higher K2O doses, independently of their source.

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Effect of seed vigor and sowing densities on the yield and physiological potential of wheat seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v43241586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Pereira Cardoso ◽

José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽

Jéssica de Lucena Marinho ◽

Claudemir Zucareli

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Initial Seed ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Initial seed vigor and sowing density interact in establishment of plants in the field, and can thus affect expression of the plasticity of the wheat crop and the yield and physiological quality of the seeds produced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seed vigor levels in combination with sowing densities on the yield and physiological potential of wheat seeds. The cultivars BRS Gralha-Azul and BRS Sabiá were used in a randomized block experimental design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of seeds of high and low vigor and four sowing densities (150, 250, 350, and 450 seeds.m-2). The following evaluations were made: seed yield, germination, first germination count, seedling length, seedling dry matter, accelerated aging, emergence speed index, and seedling emergence in sand. An increase in sowing density favors the seed yield of both cultivars; however, it reduces the vigor of the seeds produced by the cultivar BRS Gralha-Azul, especially of the seeds produced by plants originating from high vigor seeds. For the cultivar BRS Sabiá, an increase in sowing density decreases the germination performance of seeds produced by plants originating from low vigor seeds.

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Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds after desiccation with different herbicides

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n3172506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 254-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fábio Henrique Krenchinski ◽

Victor José Salomão Cesco ◽

Danilo Morilha Rodrigues ◽

Vinicius Gabriel Caneppele Pereira ◽

Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Some desiccation techniques for harvesting wheat may affect seed quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different desiccant herbicides applied to the wheat crop and their effects on the production and seed quality. The experiment was conducted with cultivar COODETEC 150 (CD 150) in two sites in Palotina (Paraná state, Brazil) with a randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments (desiccation herbicides) and 4 replications. Desiccation was realized when 50% of the plants were in stage 80 with seeds in powdery or mass consistency. The variables analyzed were percentage of moisture content after harvest, Yield, hectoliter weight, mass of 100 seeds, vigor, germination, fresh mass of seedlings, dry mass of seedlings and root length. The herbicides carfentrazone-ethyl and clethodim were the ones that promoted greatest reduction in vigor. The herbicide paraquat caused reduction in seedling length. There was a reduction in the mass of 100 seeds for glufosinate-ammonium, clethodim, diquat and carfentrazone-ethyl. Glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim and diquat caused reduction in yield. Desiccation of Cultivar CD 150 at stage 80 is not recommended, since plant Yield and physiological seed parameters were adversely affected by herbicides.

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Fruit maturation stage on the physiological quality of maroon cucumber seeds

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632019v4953188 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

Author(s):

Cleisson Dener da Silva ◽

Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽

Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽

Jorge Luiz Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Rayane Aguiar Alves

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Maturation Stage ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Photography Analysis ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACT To obtain seeds of high physiological quality, it is of paramount importance to define the ideal harvest moment, which oftentimes corresponds to the period when the physiological maturity is reached. This experiment aimed to study the maturation process and determine the best harvest season of maroon cucumber fruits (Liso Gibão cultivar), in order to reach the maximum physiological seed quality. The flowers were labeled during the anthesis and the fruits harvested at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after the anthesis (DAA). The fruits had their visual aspects registered by photography analysis and, later, the seeds were extracted for physical (water and dry matter contents) and physiological (germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity) analyses. It was observed that the seeds reach the maximum dry mass (8.08 mg seed-1) between 47 and 49 DAA. However, the seed physiological maturity, characterized by a maximum germination (70 %) and vigor, occurs at 56 DDA. The best season to harvest seeds with a higher physiological quality takes place from 49 to 56 DDA, when the fruits present a yellowish color.

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Treatment of rice seeds with salicylic acid: seed physiological quality and yield

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v36n3636 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 352-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lizandro Ciciliano Tavares ◽

Cassyo Araújo Rufino ◽

Sandro de Oliveira ◽

André Pich Brunes ◽

Francisco Amaral Villela

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Seed Industry ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Rice Seeds

Seed treatment with growth regulators, especially salicylic acid, is a promising alternative to the seed industry because it is an important inducer of resistance to diseases and pests, as well as acting significantly on quality and seed yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of rice seed treated with different concentrations of salicylic acid, as well as assess the crop yield and seed quality. The treatments consisted of increasing levels of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.L-1 salicylic acid. To this was prepared a stock solution of salicylic acid and the highest concentration by successive dilution in distilled water, the other concentrations were obtained. The physiological quality of seeds produced was treated and evaluated by tests of vigor and germination, and after harvest were evaluated seed yield. It follows that treatment of rice seeds with salicylic acid concentrations up to 130 mg.L-1 at a dose of 2 mL.kg-1 seed does not affect the germination and affects the strength, however provides substantial increases in the yield of seeds. The seed treatment with salicylic acid has no influence on seed quality produced.

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Physiological quality, initial establishment and yield of wheat according to the seed treatment method1

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632017v4749214 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 448-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joice Aline Freiberg ◽

Marcos Paulo Ludwig ◽

Leticia Decarli ◽

Eduardo Girotto ◽

Lucas Navarini

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

New Technologies ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT New technologies are being incorporated to the seed treatment process, such as the use of products on industrial scale. This study aimed at evaluating the seed quality of wheat cultivars, as well as the influence of the seed treatment method on the establishment and yield of this crop. Seeds of the cultivars Jadeite 11, Quartzo and Tec Frontale were treated with the Spectro® fungicide (difenoconazole - 200 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds), Cruiser Opti® insecticide (thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin - 200 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds) and Polifix G4 polymer (100 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds). A completely randomized design, with four replicates, was used. The treatments consisted of industrial treatment, on farm treatment with the same products and control. Germination, first germination count and moisture content tests were carried out immediately after the seed treatment and at 30, 90 and 150 days of storage. Seedling emergence in beds was evaluated at 30, 60 and 120 days of storage. Under a randomized block design, seedling emergence and grain yield were evaluated in the field in two sowing seasons. The conventional or industrial seed treatment methods do not reduce the physiological quality and emergence of high-vigor seeds stored for 150 days, under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity. The conventional or industrial seed treatment with diphenoconazole + thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin + polymer does not increase the wheat crop plant stand and grain yield.

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Producción de semilla de tomate de cáscara en hidroponía

Revista de Ingeniería Tecnológica ◽

10.35429/jten.2019.10.3.19.24 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Eduardo Rodríguez-Guzmán ◽

Luis Javier Arellano-Rodríguez ◽

Alicia De Luna-Vega ◽

Cruz Arriaga-Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Rock ◽

Seed Production ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Productive Capacity ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Polyethylene Bags ◽

Husk Tomato

Fruit and seed productive capacity and physiological seed quality of 2 varieties of husk tomato were estimated: Jojutla and CHF1. The study was conducted in hydroponics under greenhouse, in the CUCBA-UDG, Zapopan, Jalisco. Red volcanic rock (/Tezontle) of 0.5 to 2 cm in diameter was used in 19 L polyethylene bags and Steiner's universal nutrient solution of 0.3 to 0.7 atm, depending on the stage of the plant. The production of fruit and seed and the physiological quality of the seed were estimated. The varieties Jojutla and CHF1 showed a similar behavior in the production of fruit and seed, with lower fruit yields than expected (30 ton / ha in the field) because only 3 harvests were made, looking to produce husk tomato in winter when it reaches attractive prices. The weight of the fruit was greater as cuts were made while the seed production improved by cutting, associated with a greater number of fruits, while the weight of the fruit was not related to the seed yield. The physiological quality of the seed was affected by cutting the fruit to commercial maturity even when it was left to mature in the shade.

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Sulphur fertilizer and tillage effects on canola seed quality in the Black soil zone of western Canada

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p02-107 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 745-758 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

C. A. Grant ◽

G. W. Clayton ◽

A. M. Johnston

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Black Soil ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Canola Seed ◽

N Concentration ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Canola Quality

Field studies in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta over 3 yr evaluated immediate and residual effects of source, timing and placement of su lphur (S) fertilizers on canola quality under reduced (RT) and conventional tillage (CT). Oil concentration of canola seed increased and chlorophyll content decreased with application of plant-available forms of S fertilizer if soils were deficient in available sulphate-S. Therefore, canola seed quality was improved by correction of S deficiencies. The magnitude and consistency of fertilizer effects reflected the sulphate availability of the fertilizer source applied, with ammonium sulphate having a greater effect than the bentonite-elemental S product, Tiger 90®, in the year of application. Effects on seed N concentration were inconsistent, but decreases in seed N concentration occasionally occurred with correction of an S deficiency, reflecting an inverse relationship between seed yield or seed oil concentration and seed N concentration. Seed S concentration generally increased with increases in available sulphur. Application of ammonium sulphate in the preceding wheat crop provided residual sulphate-S for canola, leading to increased oil and seed S concentration, and decreased chlorophyll and seed N concentration. Tillage system had little influence on canola quality, with RT occasionally reducing oil concentration and increasing chlorophyll and seed N content. The response of seed quality to S fertilization was similar under CT and RT. Sulphate-S sources consistently improved canola quality on S-deficient fields. Key words: Bentonite S, chlorophyll, elemental S, green seed. zero oil, protein, zero tillage

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Nitrogen management of forage grasses for nutrition, seed production, and nutrients in residual straw

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Author(s):

Tiago Aranda Catuchi ◽

Rogério Peres Soratto ◽

Amarildo Francisquini Júnior ◽

Fernando Vieira Costa Guidorizzi ◽

Carlos Sérgio Tiritan

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Forage Grasses ◽

Tropical Forage ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutrition, accumulation of nutrients in residual straw, pure seed yield, and seed quality of the tropical forage grasses 'Mombaça' and 'Xaraés' subjected to topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer management. Field experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Rancharia and Presidente Prudente, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The treatments included a control (without N topdressing) and four N fractionation forms at different forage stages: 150 kg ha-1 N, at the vegetative phase (VP); 150 kg ha-1 N, at the beginning of the reproductive phase (RP), between panicle initiation and the prebooting stages; 100 kg ha-1 N, at VP plus 50 kg ha-1 N at RP; and 50 kg ha-1 N at VP plus 100 kg ha-1 N at RP. Fertilization with N as topdressing, regardless of the N fractionation form, increased N concentration in the flag leaf and in residual straw, and the quantities of N accumulated by 'Mombaça' and 'Xaraés' forage grasses. The application of all or most N in the VP increased the quantities of residual straw and of P and K accumulated by the 'Mombaça' forage grasses. The application of all or most N in the RP provided a greater pure seed yield and N use efficiency in both forage grasses. The seed physiological quality of the forages is not affected by fertilization with N topdressing.

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Yield and Physical and Physiological Quality of Salvia hispanica L. Seeds Grown at Different Sowing Dates

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n8p182 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrícia Carine Hüller Goergen ◽

Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽

Raquel Stefanello ◽

Isabel Lago ◽

Anderson Rodrigues Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Main Stem ◽

Salvia Hispanica ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Salvia Hispanica L ◽

Physiological Tests

Variations in the sowing date of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) reflect directly on the physiological potential of the produced seeds. This study aimed to analyze the yield and the physical and physiological quality of seeds from the main stem and branches of Salvia hispanica plants grown at different sowing dates. A field experiment was conducted in the crop year of 2016/2017 in five sowing dates (16/09/22, 16/10/28, 17/01/03, 17/02/08 and 17/03/24) in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Harvest at each sowing date was done when 80% of the leaves of each plant exhibited a darker color, indicating that they were dry. Seed yield was determined in each plant compartment (main stem and branches) and final ear length (cm) and diameter (cm) were also measured at all sowing dates. The following physical and physiological tests were performed to determine seed quality: water content, mass of one thousand seeds, germination test, first count germination, length (root and hypocotyl) and dry matter of the seedlings. Chia can be sown from September to February providing seed yield with high physical and physiological quality. The physical and physiological quality of the chia seeds does not differ between main stem and branches. In late sowing, there is the risk of frost occurrence what may impair the physiological quality and the yield of chia seeds. The best sowing month for obtaining higher yield of chia seeds in a south subtropical region is January.

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