scholarly journals Flowering capacity and botanical seed production of sweet potato genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Orlando G Brito ◽  
Valter C Andrade Júnior ◽  
Thabata Karoline Lopes ◽  
Jeferson Carlos de O Silva ◽  
Tiago D Firme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Main Components

ABSTRACT The identification of genotypes with greater capacity for flowering and seed production is crucial for greater efficiency in the genetic improvement of the sweet potato crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the flowering capacity and the production of botanical seeds in sweet potato genotypes. The work was carried out in the municipality of Lavras, located in the southern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Twenty-two sweet potato genotypes belonging to the germplasm bank of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) were evaluated. The characteristics evaluated were the flowering period (days), the number of viable seeds, the total weight of viable seeds, the weight of 1000 seeds and the percentage of germination. The obtained data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, study of correlations and analysis of main components. The sweet potato genotypes evaluated showed a high capacity for flowering and production of botanical seeds. Flowering usually starts 125 days after planting and extends on average for 72 days. Considering future recombination to promote flowering capacity, seed production and greater germination, genotypes BD-05, BD-26 and BD-44 should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Antimycotoxigenic Activity of Beetroot Extracts against Altenaria alternata Mycotoxins on Potato Crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4239
Author(s):  
Nesrine H. Youssef ◽  
Sameer H. Qari ◽  
Said I. Behiry ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Ehab I. El-Hallous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Alternariol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Alternaria Species ◽  
Main Components

Alternaria species, mainly air-borne fungi, affect potato plants, causing black spots symptoms. Morphological identification, pathogenicity assessment, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) molecular identification confirmed that all isolates were Alternaria alternata. The annotated sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MN592771–MN592777. HPLC analysis revealed that the fungal isolates KH3 (133,200 ng/g) and NO3 (212,000 ng/g) produced higher levels of tenuazonic acid (TeA) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), respectively. Beet ethanol extract (BEE) and beet methanol extract (BME) at different concentrations were used as antimycotoxins. BME decreased the production of mycotoxins by 66.99–99.79%. The highest TeA reduction rate (99.39%) was reported in the KH3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BME treatment. In comparison, the most effective AME reduction rate (99.79%) was shown in the NO3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BME treatment. In the same way, BEE application resulted in 95.60–99.91% mycotoxin reduction. The highest TeA reduction rate (99.91%) was reported in the KH3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BEE treatment, while the greatest AME reduction rate (99.68%) was shown in the Alam1 isolate with 75 µg/mL BEE treatment. GC-MS analysis showed that the main constituent in BME was the antioxidant compound 1-dodecanamine, n,n-dimethyl with a peak area of 43.75%. In contrast, oxirane, methyl- (23.22%); hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (10.72%); and n-hexadecanoic acid (7.32%) were the main components in BEE found by GC-MS. They are probably antimicrobial molecules and have an effect on the mycotoxin in general. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the antimycotoxigenic activity of beet extracts against A. alternata mycotoxins-contaminated potato crops in Egypt, aimed to manage and save the environment.

scholarly journals Preference of red mite Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sweet potato genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. C. Castro ◽  
M. A. Soares ◽  
V. C Andrade Júnior ◽  
V. C. Santos Júnior ◽  
P. C. R. Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Tetranychus Ludeni ◽  
Density Rate

Abstract Tetranychus ludeni damages the sweet potato. Pest development can vary between plant genotypes. The objective was to identify the preference of Tetranychus ludeni for Ipomoea batatas genotypes, from the germplasm bank at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). Natural infestations of this mite were observed on 54 sweet potato genotypes in potted, in a greenhouse. Three mite-infested leafs of each genotype were collected and analyzed. The red mite showed different population density rate in genotypes. The BD 29 genotype was found to be highly susceptible, the BD 08, BD 57, BD 17 and Espanhola genotypes were moderately susceptible, and the others forty-nine genotypes showed low susceptibility to the mite.

Reliability and validity of a taekwondo electronic body protector

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Rizal Razman ◽  
Ryan Wy Lunn Chong
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Past ◽  
System Body ◽  
Main Components

The Protector and Scoring System was introduced in taekwondo to encourage transparency in scoring during competition. The system, which has been used in the past two Olympics, consists of two main components, the electronic body protector and socks. The few studies that have been conducted on the Protector and Scoring System have not been comprehensive and used questionable testing methods. The main objectives of this study were to methodologically examine the validity and reliability of a Protector and Scoring System body protector. To fulfil these objectives, a customized mechanical pendulum was built to test the Protector and Scoring System. The reliability of the pendulum was first determined by tracking the pendulum’s mean velocity at impact for 50 trials on two separate occasions. Data from both days were compared and showed no significant differences ( p = 0.08). Mean kinetic energy of the pendulum was then calculated to be 55.52 J. For the experimental trial, the electronic body protector was divided into 12 sections. Each section was tested with the pendulum for 50 trials on two separate days. It was found that only three sections had no significant differences between the two days ( p > 0.01), while the rest of the sections had significantly different readings between Day 1 and Day 2. Based on the homologous descriptive statistics, only two sections were in the same group, which translated to the Protector and Scoring System being only 16.7% reliable overall for both days. In terms of validity, an independent samples t-test was used to determine the differences between the calculated kinetic energy from the pendulum (the criterion) and the displayed kinetic energy on the Protector and Scoring System, and values were found to be significantly different ( p < 0.01). Overall, the reliability and validity of the Protector and Scoring System was found to be questionable. The system needs to be examined exhaustively before being used in any future tournaments.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of sweet potato crop in succession to leguminous plants in monocropping and intercropped with corn

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Jhonatan M Goulart ◽  
Adriano A Rocha ◽  
José Antonio A Espindola ◽  
Ednaldo da S Araújo ◽  
José Guilherme M Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Second Year

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate sweet potato performance in succession to annual herbaceous leguminous plants, in monocropping or intercropped with corn, under agroecological management, under Baixada Fluminense conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of pre-cropping with the following species: crotalária (Crotalaria juncea) under monocropping system, crotalária intercropped with corn (Zea mays), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) under monocropping system, jack bean intercropped with corn and spontaneous vegetation. The results showed that monocropped crotalária reached the greatest dry biomass accumulation during two consecutive years of succession. In the second year, this treatment provided greater accumulated amounts of N, K and Mg in plant biomass. Growing sweet potatoes in succession to the pre-cropping of crotalária is advantageous, as it provided an increase in vegetable productivity in the second year of succession.

scholarly journals Seleção de genótipos de batata-doce quanto à eficiência ao uso do fósforo em solos da região de cerrado

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-364
Author(s):  
Luziano Lopes Da Silva ◽  
Márcio Antônio Da Silveira ◽  
Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis ◽  
Rodrigo de Castro Tavares ◽  
Valéria Gomes Momenté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tuberous Root ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Family ◽  
Selection Of

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (l.) Lam.) Lam) is a plant that produces tuberous root belonging to the family convolvulácea explored in practically all states of Brazil. The objective of this work was to select genotypes of the sweet potato as the efficiency of phosphorus use in cerrado soils with high and low availability of this nutrient. Were evaluated nine genotypes of sweet potato coming from the germplasm bank from the Federal University of the Tocantins, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized block design with three replications being nine genotypes grown in two environments with low and high phosphorus availability, using doses of phosphorus fertilization from 20 and 120 kg ha-1 P2O5, applied at planting. To select genotypes suitable for environments proposed was used methodology for selection of the efficient use and response to phosphorus fertilization (efficiency and response). Genotype Amanda was classified as efficient and responsive, Barbara, Julia, Marcela and Carolina Vitoria as efficient, but not responsive and Livia, Duda, Ana Clara and Beatriz were classified as non-efficient, responsive but the absorption and utilization of phosphorus.

scholarly journals Floral Biology and Seed Production in Cultivated North American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius)

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cayetana Schluter ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
North American ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Panax Quinquefolius ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Pollination Success ◽  
Pollen Release

Morphological characteristics of flowers, duration of flowering, degree of self-pollination, and extent of berry and seed production in North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) were studied under controlled environmental conditions as well as under field conditions. A comparison was also made between plants of 3 and 4 years of age at two field locations. The duration of flowering was ≈4 weeks and was similar in plants of both age groups grown in the two environments; however, 4-year-old plants produced an average of 40% more flowers (≈100 per plant in total) compared to 3-year-old plants. Flowers were comprised of five greenish-colored petals, five stamens, and an inferior ovary consisting of predominantly two fused carpels and stigmatic lobes. Anthers dehisced in staggered succession within individual flowers, and flowering began with the outermost edge of the umbel and proceeded inwards. At any given time during the 4-week flowering period, ≈10% of the flowers in an umbel had recently opened and were producing pollen. Stigma receptivity was associated with separation of the stigmatic lobes; this occurred at some time after pollen release. Growth of pollen tubes through the style in naturally pollinated flowers was most evident when the stigmatic lobes had separated. The proportion of flowers that developed into mature berries (pollination success rate) was in the range of 41% to 68% for both 3-year-old and 4-year-old plants. However, when the inflorescence was bagged during the flowering period, berry formation was increased by 13% to 21% in 4-year-old plants, depending on location. A majority of the berries (92% to 99%) contained one or two seeds in an almost equal frequency, with the remaining berries containing three seeds. In 4-year-old plants, the frequency of two-seeded berries was increased by ≈13% by bagging the inflorescence. These observations indicate that P. quinquefolius is highly self-fertile and that several physiological and environmental factors can affect seed production.

scholarly journals Morphoagronomic characterization of sweet potato accessions from the germplasm bank of Embrapa hortaliças

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa maria de Deus De Sousa ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Geovani Bernardo Amaro ◽  
Michelle Sousa Vilela ◽  
Paula Andrea Osorio Carmona
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Immature Leaf ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Branch Weight

Studies on the determination of genetic divergence among genotypes are important tools in breeding programs, contributing to the identification of parents with considerable productive potential. However, little is known about the combinatorial capacity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions and its adaptation to the different regions of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morpho-agronomic traits from 102 sweet potato accessions from the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Hortaliças. The experiment was laid out as an augmented block design comprised of 102 treatments. Nineteen above ground traits were measured using descriptors for the respective parts. Estimated values of broad sense heritability were high for the traits mean branch length (95.75%), immature leaf color (85.06%), and predominant branch  color (90.57%). Coefficients of environmental variation were below 30.00% for all variables, except for branch weight (51.62%). The 102 clones analyzed presented broad genetic variability for the different traits evaluated, especially for branch weight, and branch length, and mature leaf color.

scholarly journals Potential for biogas generation from sweet potato genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Samantha De Paula Batista ◽  
Edson Perez Guerra ◽  
Juliano Tadeu Vilela de Resende ◽  
Matheus Vitor Diniz Gueri ◽  
Guilherme Campos Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Data Variability ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test

Biogas is a technology that enables the generation of energy through the process of anaerobic biodigestion, and sweet potato is an option as an energy production source. This research evaluated biogas production in anaerobic biodigesters and characterized the physico-chemical composition of two commercial sweet potato cultivars, BRS Cuia and BRS Rubissol, and two genotypes, Bela Vista and Laranjeiras. Variance analysis, the Tukey test and the physical-chemical characterization were completed, and the results were correlated using principal component analysis (PCA). In the analyses of tuberous root composition, significant differences between the genotypes were observed because of the influence of the absorption of moisture, decomposition, and variations in the yield and quality of roots. For the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test, the estimate of biogas production was 2,906.5 liters ha-1 for the cultivar BRS Cuia, 2,712.4 liters ha-1 for Laranjeiras, 2,906.5 liters ha-1 for BRS Rubissol, and 398,2 liters ha-1 for Bela Vista. The PCA analysis of sweet potato genotypes, physical-chemical and agronomic parameters showed all genotypes have a direct correlation with the amount of reducing sugars and humidity, with 97.77% of the data variability explained. The Laranjeiras genotype has the most significant potential to produce biogas, followed by the BRS Cuia cultivar. The results emphasize that the sweet potato crop is a good source of biomass for energy generation.

EFFECTS OF BRACHYPTEROLUS PULICARIUS (L.) (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) ON FLOWERING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF COMMON TOADFLAX

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. McClay
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Linaria Vulgaris ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Total Seed

AbstractImpact of the flower- and shoot-tip-feeding beetle, Brachypterolus pulicarius (L.), on growth, flowering, and seed production of common toadflax, Linaria vulgaris (L.) Mill., was investigated using potted plants. Brachypterolus pulicarius had no effect on root or shoot biomass of attacked plants. Adult feeding by B. pulicarius delayed onset of flowering by 27 days relative to controls. Flowering of attacked plants was suppressed from mid-June until mid-July, but by mid-August flowering was similar to that of control plants. Total seed weight, individual seed weight, and percentage germination were all reduced significantly on attacked plants, resulting in a 74% reduction in number of viable seeds produced. Brachypterolus pulicarius is univoltine in Alberta, overwintering mainly as pupae.

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