Histopathologic evaluation of the peritoneum exposed to heat shock: experimental study in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate histopathologic alterations of the peritoneum exposed to heat shock. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly distributed into 6 groups: Heat Shock (HS), High Temperature (HT), Body Temperature (BT), Temperature 0oC (TZ), Sham (SH) and Control (CG) with 10 animals each. The peritoneal cavity of animals from groups HS, HT, BT and TZ was irrigated with NaCl solution 0.9% at temperatures 50ºC, 0ºC, 50ºC, 37ºC and 0ºC, respectively. For animals from group SH, the procedures were simulated and those from group CG, laparotomy and biopsies were conducted. Twenty-four hours later, biopsies of the peritoneum for exams under light and electronic microscopy were performed. RESULTS: Edema was found in groups HS 80%, HT 60%, BT 30% TZ 70%, SH 40% and CG 30%. Vascular congestion was found in groups HS 20%, HT 30%, BT 10% and TZ 20%. Erythrocyte extravasation was found in groups HT 60% and SH 10%. Mesothelium destruction was found in 100% of specimens from groups HS, HT, BT, TZ, SH and CG 90%. Necrosis was found in groups HS 30%, HT 20% and BT 10%. The mean peritoneal thickness ranged from 42.26 µm (TZ) to 26.42 µm (CG). CONCLUSION: The heat shock caused no deaths, but promoted significant peritoneal edema without affecting the other histopathologic indicatives.

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Prothrombin Time Standardization: Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657004 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 42 (04) ◽

pp. 1073-1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Expert Panel ◽

The Other ◽

Rabbit Brain ◽

Calibration Constant ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

The Mean ◽

Point Of Intersection ◽

And Control ◽

Standardization Report

SummaryIn collaborative experiments in 199 laboratories, nine commercial thromboplastins, four thromboplastins held by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBS & C), London and the British Comparative Thromboplastin were tested on fresh normal and coumarin plasmas, and on three series of freeze-dried plasmas. One of these was made from coumarin plasmas and the other two were prepared from normal plasmas; in each series, one plasma was normal and the other two represented different degrees of coumarin defect.Each thromboplastin was calibrated against NIBS&C rabbit brain 70/178, from the slope of the line joining the origin to the point of intersection of the mean ratios of coumarin/normal prothrombin times when the ratios obtained with the two thromboplastins on the same fresh plasmas were plotted against each other. From previous evidence, the slopes were calculated which would have been obtained against the NIBS&C “research standard” thromboplastin 67/40, and termed the “calibration constant” of each thromboplastin. Values obtained from the freeze-dried coumarin plasmas gave generally similar results to those from fresh plasmas for all thromboplastins, whereas values from the artificial plasmas agreed with those from fresh plasmas only when similar thromboplastins were being compared.Taking into account the slopes of the calibration lines and the variation between laboratories, precision in obtaining a patient’s prothrombin time was similar for all thromboplastins.

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The Efficacy of Hydrodilatation for the Prevention of Vasospasm following Microsurgical Anastomosis

Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1735834 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Merdan Serin ◽

Mehmet Bayramiçli ◽

Özlem Tuğçe Çilingir Kaya ◽

Hilal Nişva Levent ◽

Zeynep Deniz Akdeniz Doğan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutrophil Infiltration ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Control Group ◽

Median Score ◽

Control Groups ◽

Endothelial Lining ◽

Vascular Congestion ◽

Tunica Adventitia ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction Vasospasm is a major problem following microsurgical reconstruction which can result in the partial or complete loss of the flap tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of hydrodilatation for the prevention of vasospasm. Material and Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were used for this experimental study. Femoral arteries of were exposed, photographed, and transected. In group 1, group 2, and group 3 papaverine solution, hydrodilatation, and minimal mechanical dilatation (control group) was performed, respectively. The anastomosis was completed and the arteries were photographed again 10 minutes after completion of the anastomosis. Following 7-day period samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and light microscopy were obtained. Results The mean vessel diameters prior to transection were 0.43, 0.45, and 0.52 mm in the papaverine, hydrodilatation, and control groups, respectively. The mean vessel diameter 10 minutes following the completion of anastomosis was 0.76, 0.75, and 0.51 mm in the papaverine, hydrodilatation, and control groups, respectively. Median score for papaverine group regarding histological parameters of regular endothelial lining and lumen, neutrophil infiltration, vascular congestion, and edema in tunica adventitia was 2, 3, 2, and 3 positive, respectively. Median score for the papaverine group regarding histological parameters of regular endothelial lining and lumen, neutrophil infiltration, vascular congestion, and edema in tunica adventitia was 3, 3, 3, and 3 positive, respectively. All the histological scores were negative in the control group. The difference between the control group and the experiment groups 1 and 2 was significant regarding all four histological parameters (p < 0.05). Conclusion Hydrodilatation and papaverine application were both effective in preventing vasospasm following microsurgical intervention but papaverine caused slightly less damage to the endothelial lining and less edema in the tunica adventitia when compared with the hydrodilatation. Hydrodilatation group showed a vasodilatory effect that was statistically similar to that of papaverine, which has a proven efficacy.

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Stress-induced melting of plagioclase during laboratory earthquakes

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8294 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Incel

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

High Pressure ◽

High Temperature ◽

Acoustic Emissions ◽

The Other ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Quartz Crystals ◽

Maximum Compression ◽

High Pressure High Temperature ◽

Two Samples

<p>Impact rocks often reveal particular structures, e.g. shock-induced amorphization and melting of crystals, that formed due to high stresses during shock metamorphism. This experimental study presents four granulite samples that were deformed in a D-DIA apparatus at 2.5 GPa and 3 GPa and at either 1023 K, 1173 K, or at 995 to 1225 K. During deformation of two samples (2.5 GPa and either 995-1125 K or 1173 K) 82 and 794 acoustic emissions (AEs) were recorded, respectively, whereas less than 10 AEs were recorded while deforming the other two granulite sample (3 GPa and 995-1225 K; 2.5 and 1073 K). Microstructures of the samples that emitted 82 and 794 AEs reveal amorphous patches that are absent in the samples corresponding to the runs in which <10 AEs were recorded, indicating a link between AE-activity and amorphization of plagioclase. The contacts between amorphous patches and host-plagioclase crystals are very sharp and amorphization predominantly occurred along two distinct planes inclined at approx. 45&#176; towards the direction of maximum compression. Surrounding the patches, the hosts show extensive fragmentation. Chemical analyses of the amorphous patches demonstrate an enrichment in potassium and silicon relative to the initial plagioclase chemistry and the growth of euhedral quartz crystals within the patches. Such microstructures were previously found in naturally or experimentally shocked rocks and interpreted as shock melts. The occurrence of structures, revealing striking similarities to shock melts, in experimental samples that underwent embrittlement at high-pressure, high-temperature conditions below the sample&#8217;s solidus (~1377 K) suggests melting due to elevated transient stresses, e.g. during rupture processes.</p>

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‘Heterosis’ in litter size of chimaeric mice

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672300022473 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 85-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Hitoshi Mikami ◽

Akira Onishi

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

The Other ◽

Mixed Genotype ◽

Other Hand ◽

Single Genotype ◽

The Mean ◽

Progeny Tests ◽

And Control

SUMMARYAggregation chimaeras were made from embryos of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Chimaeric and control females were mated with ICR males at 8 weeks of age and their litter sizes were evaluated over a 5-month period after the first mating. Progeny tests showed that 18 of 27 chimaeras produced oocytes of both genotypes. The mean litter sizes of C57BL/6, BALB/c and their F1 crosses (C57BL/6 × BALB/c and BALB/c × C57BL/6) were 8·14, 9·36, 13·38 and 13·40, respectively. The mean for chimaeras was 11·54 and chimaeric heterosis was evident, but it was not as much as heterosis in the F1 When the chimaeras were classified into the mixed and single-genotype progeny chimaeras, chimaeric heterosis was observed only in the mixed-progeny chimaeras. Quantitative GPI analyses in ten organs showed that the degree of chimaerism in the mixed-genotype progeny chimaeras was higher than that in most of the single-genotype progeny chimaeras and that the degree of chimaerism in the ovaries was positively correlated with litter size in the mixed-genotype progeny chimaeras. On the other hand, such correlation was not observed in the single-genotype progeny chimaeras.

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The Effect of Positive Thinking Training on Anxiety and Happiness in the Elderly: a Quasi- Experimental Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-877610/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anis Pourdavarani ◽

Jamileh Farokhzadian ◽

Mansooreh Azizzadeh Forouz ◽

Sedigheh Khodabandeh Shahraki

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Skills Training ◽

The Elderly ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Thinking ◽

Control Groups ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Anxiety and depression are the most common psychological disorders in the aging period. One of the ways to deal with anxiety and depression and increase happiness in the elderly is to train positive thinking. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate positive thinking skills training on anxiety and happiness in the elderly.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 48 elderly people referred to two comprehensive health service centers in Kerman in southeastern Iran were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention groups (n = 24) and control (n = 24). The data collection tools included the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Oxford Happiness Inventory. Questionnaires were filled out before the intervention, then positive thinking training was held in eight sessions of 90 minutes. After training program, the was conducted one month after it, the follow-up tools.Results: The results showed that the mean score of anxiety before positive thinking training was (13.58 ± 8.61) and (19.25± 11.67) in the intervention and the control group, respectively. After positive thinking training, the mean scores were (4.50 ±4.07) and (15.54±9.04) in the intervention and control group, respectively. After the intervention, which significantly reduced anxiety the intervention, group (t= 8.10, P<0.001). The mean score of happiness before the test was (26.58±12.40) and (37.91 ± 5.57) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the posttest happiness scores of the intervention and control groups were (62.91± 4.66) and (35.62 ±10.62), respectively. The results showed that implementing positive thinking training increased happiness significantly (t=-4.08, P<0.001).Conclusion: Since positive thinking training effect reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly. Due to the growing trend of the elderly population, the positive thinking training approach can be used as a suitable, cost-effective, and efficient method in reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly.

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THE USE OF CARTOON VIDEO IN TEACHING STUDENTS VOCABULARY

ENGLISH JOURNAL ◽

10.32832/english.v15i2.5537 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Muhammad Furqan ◽

Muhammad Shabir

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

T Test ◽

The Other ◽

Design Experiment ◽

Good Information ◽

Test Of Hypothesis ◽

The Mean ◽

Teaching Learning ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

<p>This paper aims to discuss vocabulary and cartoon video, and how to teach vocabulary by using cartoon video. Cartoons are designed not only to entertain children, but cartoons can be also used to teach and educate children. In order to find the relationship between cartoon and education, the writer writes a paper which the title is “The Use of Cartoon in Teaching Students Vocabulary”. It has a purpose to help children in learning English, more specifically it aims to improve English vocabulary for children whose age are between seven years old to fourteen years old.The method of the research is quantitative research in design experiment class and control class.The Reseacher could take conclusion that there was a significant between experiment class and control class, The mean of experiment class is greater than the mean of control class ( 77,25> 57,75). on the other hand, the test of hypothesis using t-test formula shows the value of t-test is greater than the value of the t-table. The value of t-test is 3,712 while the value of t-table on t-table in degree of freedom of 38 with level of significant of 0.01 is 2,42. The hypothesis is accepted.Based on the result of this study, it is accepted to be a good information for many teachers espesially English teachers. It is one solution to be used as appropiate method in teaching learning proses. It could be an alternative that could be used in teaching.</p>

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Heat and Mass Transfer at Low Temperatures, in a Trapezoidal Closed Cavity

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2996 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 2996-3003 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.S. Maalem ◽

A. Benzaoui

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Mathematical Model ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

The Other ◽

Flowing Water ◽

Closed Cavity ◽

Nusselt Numbers ◽

Future Paper ◽

The Mean

An experimental study, in a trapezoidal closed cavity had been led in our laboratory. The considered cavity includes a vaporizing horizontal surface, two condensing ones; one is of glass and the other of aluminium surface. It is cooled down by flowing water. The other walls are thermally isolated. Acquired results allowed to identify the regime of air flow inside the cavity, to assess the mean exchange coefficients of heat and mass, across the three walls and to write a correlation for the mean Sherwood and Nusselt numbers, established for laminar flow regime. These results are important to model many solar uses as solar distillers, solar dryers, etc… We present, in this report experimental results and in a future paper, the written mathematical model and a numerical simulation.

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The Effectiveness of Educational Pillars Based on Vygotsky's Theory in Achievement and Information Processing Among First Intermediate Class Students

International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) ◽

10.3991/ijet.v16i12.23181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 246

Author(s):

Lina Fouad Jawad ◽

Muayad Kadhim Raheem ◽

Ban Hassan Majeed

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Mathematics Achievement ◽

First Grade ◽

Achievement Test ◽

Mathematical Achievement ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

The aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of the educational pillars strategy based on Vygotsky's theory in mathematical achievement and information processing of first-grade intermediate students. In pursuit of the research objectives, the experimental method was used, and the quasi-experimental design was used for two equivalent groups, one control group taught traditionally and the other experi-mental taught according to the educational pillars strategy. The research sample consisted of (66) female students from the first intermediate grade, who were inten-tionally chosen after ensuring their equivalence, taking into account several factors, most notably chronological age and their level of mathematics, and they were dis-tributed equally into two groups, one experimental and the other control. The re-search tools were represented in the teacher's handbook for the application of the educational pillars strategy, the achievement test in mathematics, and the test of information processing skills. The researchers applied the experiment in the first semester of the (2019/2020) academic year. One of the researchers taught the ex-perimental group by applying the educational pillars strategy, while the control group studied according to the usual method. The mathematical achievement test and the data processing skill test were applied to the experimental and control re-search groups, and then the data necessary for statistical analysis and access to results were obtained. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the two groups and control groups in the mathematical achievement test. There were also statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the two groups on the test of the skill of information processing, and the size of the effect was calculated by describing a function of the effectiveness of the strategy on the two independent variables (mathematics achievement, information processing), as it became clear that the educational pillars strategy based on Vygotsky's theory has great effectiveness. On mathematics achievement and on developing students' information processing skills

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Noncoordinate histone synthesis in heat-shocked Drosophila cells is regulated at multiple levels

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.4.12.2676-2685.1984 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (12) ◽

pp. 2676-2685

Author(s):

J Farrell-Towt ◽

M M Sanders

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

The Other ◽

In Vitro Translation ◽

Culture Cells ◽

Histone Mrnas ◽

Multiple Levels ◽

Histone Synthesis ◽

And Control ◽

Drosophila Cells

Transferring Drosophila tissue culture cells from 25 to 37 degrees C (heat shock) causes histone protein synthesis to become noncoordinate. To determine the level at which this is controlled, the synthesis, degradation, and translation of individual histone mRNAs was studied under both heat shock and control conditions. The increased synthesis of histone H2b protein during heat shock appears to be controlled primarily at the level of translation. During heat shock, H2b mRNA is transcribed at about the same level as in the control. However, H2b mRNA is more stable under heat shock than under control conditions and is predominantly found in polysomes. The reduction in synthesis of H2a, H3, and H4 protein during heat shock appears to be controlled at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Although transcription of H2a, H3, and H4 mRNAs is reduced during heat shock, like H2b mRNA, they are more stable. However, unlike H2b mRNA, these mRNAs are not predominantly associated with polysomes during heat shock. Regulation of H1 synthesis during heat shock is completely different from that of the other histones. During heat shock, H1 mRNA is not transcribed, and unlike all of the other Drosophila mRNAs studied to date, its mRNA is not stable in heat-shocked cells. Results from in vitro translation studies support the conclusion that noncoordinate synthesis of the core histone proteins during heat shock is controlled at the level of translation.

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