Musculoskeletal biomechanics in sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit activities with stroke subjects: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: Sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit are two of the most mechanically demanding activities undertaken in daily life and which are usually impaired in stroke subjects. OBJECTIVES: To determine the distinguishing characteristics in musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes of the sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit activities with stroke subjects, with an emphasis on the clinical management of stroke disabilities, in a systematic review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An extensive literature search was performed with the MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, LILACS, and SciELO databases, followed by a manual search, to select studies on musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes in both activities with stroke subjects, without language restrictions, and published until December/2007. RESULTS: Out of the 432 studies, only 11 reported biomechanical outcomes of both activities and none reached the total score on the selected quality parameters. The majority of the experimental studies which compared groups did not achieve acceptable scores on their methodological quality (PEDRo). The investigated conditions and interventions were also restricted. Only one study compared biomechanical outcomes between the activities, but only evaluated the time spent to perform them. Few musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes have been investigated, being weight bearing on the lower limbs and duration of the activities the most investigated. CONCLUSION: There is little information regarding musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes during these activities with stroke subjects and no definite conclusions can be drawn regarding the particularities of these outcomes on their performance with stroke survivors.

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Clinical Anatomy of the Posterior Meniscofemoral Ligament of Wrisberg: An Original MRI Study, Meta-analysis, and Systematic Review

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120973195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 232596712097319

Author(s):

Przemysław A. Pękala ◽

Dominik P. Łazarz ◽

Mateusz A. Rosa ◽

Jakub R. Pękala ◽

Adam Baginski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Clinical Anatomy ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Anatomic Structure ◽

Meniscofemoral Ligament ◽

The Mean

Background: The posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) of Wrisberg attaches to the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the lateral intercondylar aspect of the medial femoral condyle and passes posteriorly to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The pMFL plays a role in recovery after PCL injuries and offers stability to the lateral meniscus, promoting normal knee function. Purpose/Hypothesis: The aim of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arm of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the pMFL in Polish patients. The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical relevance of the pMFL in knee surgery. It was hypothesized that extensive variability exists in reports on the prevalence, function, and clinical significance of the pMFL. Study Design: Cross-sectional study and systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective MRI investigation was conducted on 100 randomly selected lower limbs of Polish patients (56 male, 44 female) performed in 2019 to determine the prevalence of the pMFL. Additionally, an extensive literature search of major online databases was performed to evaluate all reported data on the pMFL. Assessments of article eligibility and data extraction were completed independently by 2 reviewers, and all disagreements were resolved via a consensus. A quality assessment of the included articles was performed using the Anatomical Quality Assessment tool. Results: In the MRI arm of this study, the pMFL was observed in 73 of the 100 limbs. In the meta-analysis, 47 studies were included, totaling 4940 lower limbs. The pooled prevalence of the pMFL was found to be 70.4% (95% CI, 63.4%-76.9%); the mean length was 27.7 mm (95% CI, 24.8-30.5 mm) and the mean widths were 4.5, 6.1, and 4.1 mm for the meniscal and femoral attachments and midportion, respectively. The mean pMFL thickness was 2.3 mm (95% CI, 1.8-2.7 mm). Conclusion: Despite the variability in the literature, the pMFL was found to be a prevalent and large anatomic structure in the knee joint. The shared features of this ligament with the PCL necessitate the consideration of its value in planning and performing arthroscopic procedures of the knee.

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Impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue - a systematic review analysis

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Mohamed Tharwat Hamed ◽

Hisham Abdullah Mously ◽

Moayyad Motaz Ghulman ◽

Ghada Hussein Naguib

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Wide Diameter ◽

Review Analysis ◽

Body Fracture ◽

Extensive Literature Search ◽

Technical Complication ◽

Performance Results ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective: The present study explains the success and failure of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue by conducting a systematic review analysis. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted to carry out systematic review using different scholarly platforms and libraries. A total of 12 studies published within the past 20-year time (1999-2019) were included following the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PRISMA guidelines. Additionally, the study outcomes were evaluated to determine their perceptions regarding the role of dental implant diameter in influencing the implant’s fatigue performance. Results: The implant diameter can be categorized into wide diameter (5-6 mm), regular diameter (3.75-4 mm), and small/narrow diameter (3-3.4 mm). The narrow diameter implants are indicated through thin alveolar ridges and mesiodistal spaces (less than 7 mm). The implants with narrow diameter would offer greater risk of fatigue failure for clinical situations with significant functional loading. No significant differences were found either in success or failure of dental implant diameter on fatigue efficiency after 1-year and 3-year follow-up. Conclusion: The technical complication of dental implant include abutment screw loosening or fracture, abutment and superstructure fracture, and implant body fracture. The study has study has mainly focused on the impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue and reviewed a significant impact of dental implant diameter on the fatigue efficiency. Keywords: Dental Implants, Efficiency, Perception. Continuous...

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Prevalence and incidence of injuries in para athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE recommendations

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2020-102823 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjsports-2020-102823

Author(s):

Larissa Santos Pinto Pinheiro ◽

Juliana Melo Ocarino ◽

Fernanda Oliveira Madaleno ◽

Evert Verhagen ◽

Marco Túlio de Mello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Sample Size ◽

Evaluation System ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Strength Of Evidence ◽

Subgroup Analyses

ObjectiveTo investigate prevalence, incidence and profile of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesSearches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, SPORTSDiscus, CINAHL and hand searching.Eligibility criteriaStudies were considered if they reported prevalence or incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes. Study selection, data extraction and analysis followed the protocol. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the prevalence and incidence rate among studies and subgroup analyses investigated whether methodological quality and sample size of the studies influenced on the estimated injury prevalence and incidence. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system determined the strength of evidence.ResultsForty-two studies were included. The prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries was 40.8% (95% CI 32.5% to 49.8%). Because of imprecision, indirectness and inconsistency, the strength of evidence was very low quality. The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries was 14.3 injuries per 1000 athlete-days (95% CI 11.9 to 16.8). The strength of evidence was low quality because of imprecision and indirectness. The subgroup analyses revealed that the sample size influenced on estimated injury prevalence and methodological quality influenced on estimated incidence. Injuries were more prevalent in the shoulder, for non-ambulant para athletes, and in the lower limbs, for ambulant para athletes.Summary/conclusionPara athletes show high prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal injuries. Current very low-quality and low-quality evidence suggests that future high-quality studies with systematic data collection, larger sample size and specificities of para athletes are likely to change estimates of injury prevalence and incidence in para athletes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020147982.

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Mobile health interventions to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in the workplace: A systematic review

Digital Health ◽

10.1177/2055207619839883 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 205520761983988 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Sarah Ann Buckingham ◽

Andrew James Williams ◽

Karyn Morrissey ◽

Lisa Price ◽

John Harrison

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Technology Use ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Behaviour Change Techniques ◽

The Impact

Objective This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) technology (including wearable activity monitors and smartphone applications) for promoting physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) in workplace settings. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and the Cochrane library). Studies were included if mHealth was a major intervention component, PA/SB was a primary outcome, and participants were recruited and/or the intervention was delivered in the workplace. Study quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool. Interventions were coded for behaviour change techniques (BCTs) using the Coventry, Aberdeen and London – Refined (CALO-RE) taxonomy. Results Twenty-five experimental and quasi-experimental studies were included. Studies were highly heterogeneous and only one was rated as ‘strong’ methodological quality. Common BCTs included self-monitoring, feedback, goal-setting and social comparison. A total of 14/25 (56%) studies reported a significant increase in PA, and 4/10 (40%) reported a significant reduction in sedentary time; 11/16 (69%) studies reported a significant impact on secondary outcomes including reductions in weight, systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol. While overall acceptability was high, a large decline in technology use and engagement was observed over time. Conclusions While methodological quality was generally weak, there is reasonable evidence for mHealth in a workplace context as a feasible, acceptable and effective tool to promote PA. The impact in the longer term and on SB is less clear. Higher quality, mixed methods studies are needed to explore the reasons for decline in engagement with time and the longer-term potential of mHealth in workplace interventions. Protocol registration: The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42017058856

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Weight-Bearing and Effort Distributions at the Lower Limbs during the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test in Hemiparetic and Healthy Individuals

ISRN Rehabilitation ◽

10.5402/2012/295038 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anabèle Brière ◽

Sylvie Nadeau ◽

Séléna Lauzière ◽

Denis Gravel

Keyword(s):

Weight Bearing ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Ground Reaction Forces ◽

Maximal Strength ◽

Stand Test ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Vertical Ground ◽

Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽

Effort Distribution

Background. The weight-bearing (WB) and effort distributions during the five-repetition sit-to-stand test (5R-STS) were assessed in healthy and hemiparetic subjects and were compared to the distributions obtained for a single STS task (1-STS). Methods. Eighteen hemiparetic subjects and 12 controls were included. The WB distribution and time were computed using the vertical ground reaction forces. The knee muscles' effort distribution was quantified with the electromyographic (EMG) data of the STS transfers expressed relatively to the EMG values of maximal strength assessments. Results. In both groups, the time, WB, and effort distributions did not differ between repetitions of the 5R-STS test. The WB and effort distributions of the first repetition were more asymmetrical than those for the 1-STS for the hemiparetic subjects only. Conclusions. Since no changes were found between repetitions, the 5R-STS test might not be demanding enough. The hemiparetic subjects adopt different WB and effort distribution strategies according to the number of STSs to complete.

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Scales to Assess the Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20070147 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 156-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 423

Author(s):

Susan Armijo Olivo ◽

Luciana Gazzi Macedo ◽

Inae Caroline Gadotti ◽

Jorge Fuentes ◽

Tasha Stanton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Health Care Research ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Manual Search

Background and PurposeThe methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is commonly evaluated in order to assess the risk of biased estimates of treatment effects. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify scales used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs in health care research and summarize the content, construction, development, and psychometric properties of these scales.MethodsExtensive electronic database searches, along with a manual search, were performed.ResultsOne hundred five relevant studies were identified. They accounted for 21 scales and their modifications. The majority of scales had not been rigorously developed or tested for validity and reliability. The Jadad Scale presented the best validity and reliability evidence; however, its validity for physical therapy trials has not been supported.Discussion and ConclusionMany scales are used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs, but most of these scales have not been adequately developed and have not been adequately tested for validity and reliability. A valid and reliable scale for the assessment of the methodological quality of physical therapy trials needs to be developed.

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Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion With Interfacet Cages: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/2192568219837145 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 230-236

Author(s):

Joseph L. Laratta ◽

Karishma Gupta ◽

William D. Smith

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Cervical Fusion ◽

Cervical Spine Surgery ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Posterior Cervical Fusion ◽

Extensive Literature Search ◽

Tissue Sparing

Study Design: Literature review. Objectives: Posterior cervical interfacet cages are an alternative to lateral mass fixation in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. Recently, a percutaneous, tissue-sparing system for interfacet cage placement has been developed, however, there is limited clinical evidence supporting its widespread use. The aim was to review studies published on this system for patient reported outcomes, radiographic outcomes, intraoperative outcomes, and complications. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and MEDLINE) were queried for original published studies that evaluated the percutaneous, tissue-sparing technique for posterior cervical fusion with interfacet cage placement. All studies reporting on open techniques and purely biomechanical studies were excluded. Results: The extensive literature search returned 7852 studies. After systematic review, a total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were independently classified as retrospective or prospective cohort studies and each assessed by the GRADE criteria. Patient reported outcomes, radiographic outcomes, intraoperative outcomes, and complications were extracted from each study and presented. Conclusions: Tissue-sparing, posterior cervical fusion with interfacet cages may be considered a safe and effective surgical intervention in patients failing conservative management for cervical spondylotic disease. However, the quality of evidence in the literature is lacking, and controlled, comparative studies are needed for definitive assessment.

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Effects of Probiotics on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review

Current Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1574884715666200303112753 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 234-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eugenia Vlachou ◽

Anastasia Ntikoudi ◽

Ourania Govina ◽

Maria Lavdaniti ◽

Nikolaos Kotsalas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Probiotic Supplementation ◽

Randomized Controlled

Background: Diabetic Nephropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus due to functional and structural modifications in multiple kidney compartments. Probiotics have risen lately as a forthcoming therapeutic intervention but they have not been systematically evaluated in diabetic nephropathy so far. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate randomized controlled trials and experimental studies assessing the effect of probiotic supplements on diabetic nephropathy. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted through electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cinahl and Medline) with the Medical Subject Headings and entry terms of “diabetic nephropathy”, “diabetic renal disease” and “probiotics”. The search yielded 116 results, 9 of which met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Results: Most of the microorganisms used in the studies belonged to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genus. The dosage ranged from 2×107 to 6×1010 CFU/ g. The form of the probiotics varied across the studies (capsules, sachets, soy milk, kefir and honey). The majority of the studies demonstrated the benefits of probiotic supplementation on the reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress and on the amelioration of renal function biomarkers in subjects with diabetic nephropathy. No major gastrointestinal adverse events were observed during the intervention time with probiotics. Conclusion: : Findings of this systematic review demonstrate the positive impact of probiotics on Diabetic Nephropathy without any major adverse events. Moreover, future larger randomized controlled trials with bigger samples and longer follow-up time are deemed necessary for further valid results on the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation on Diabetic Nephropathy.

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Optimal early active mobilisation protocol after extensor tendon repairs in zones V and VI: A systematic review of literature

Hand Therapy ◽

10.1177/1758998317729713 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 3-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shirley JF Collocott ◽

Edel Kelly ◽

Richard F Ellis

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Relative Motion ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Tendon Repair ◽

Case Series ◽

Extensor Tendon ◽

Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Active Motion ◽

Randomised Controlled

Introduction Early mobilisation protocols after repair of extensor tendons in zone V and VI provide better outcomes than immobilisation protocols. This systematic review investigated different early active mobilisation protocols used after extensor tendon repair in zone V and VI. The purpose was to determine whether any one early active mobilisation protocol provides superior results. Methods An extensive literature search was conducted to identify articles investigating the outcomes of early active mobilisation protocols after extensor tendon repair in zone V and VI. Databases searched were AMED, Embase, Medline, Cochrane and CINAHL. Studies were included if they involved participants with extensor tendon repairs in zone V and VI in digits 2–5 and described a post-operative rehabilitation protocol which allowed early active metacarpophalangeal joint extension. Study designs included were randomised controlled trials, observational studies, cohort studies and case series. The Structured Effectiveness Quality Evaluation Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Results Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Two types of early active mobilisation protocols were identified: controlled active motion protocols and relative motion extension splinting protocols. Articles describing relative motion extension splinting protocols were more recent but of lower methodological quality than those describing controlled active motion protocols. Participants treated with controlled active motion and relative motion extension splinting protocols had similar range of motion outcomes, but those in relative motion extension splinting groups returned to work earlier. Discussion The evidence reviewed suggested that relative motion extension splinting protocols may allow an earlier return to function than controlled active motion protocols without a greater risk of complication.

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Test-Retest Reliability of Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST) in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060510 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 510

Author(s):

Laura Muñoz-Bermejo ◽

José Carmelo Adsuar ◽

María Mendoza-Muñoz ◽

Sabina Barrios-Fernández ◽

Miguel A. Garcia-Gordillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Balance Control ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Stand Test ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Functional independence in adults is conditioned by lower limb muscle strength. Thus, it seems important to assess lower limb strength using reliable and easy to reproduce measurements. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to collect studies that examined the test-retest reliability of the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST) in adults. The search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, including all studies published up to 28 December 2020. To be included, studies had to include relative reliability scores (ICC) and maximum torque or standard error of measurements (SEM) of FTSST. A total of 693 studies were initially identified, but only 8 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis, covering a total of 14 groups with 400 participants. Relative inter-rater reliability results (ICC = 0.937, p < 0.001, n = 400) revealed excellent reliability of FTSST to assess sitting and standing performance, lower limbs strength and balance control. Conclusion: The Five Times Sit to Stand Test is a highly reliable tool for assessing lower limbs strength, balance control, and mobility in both healthy adults and those with pathologies.

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