scholarly journals Education, ethics, and solidarity in international cooperation

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Janete Lima de Castro ◽  
Rosana Lucia Alves de Vilar ◽  
Raimunda Medeiros Germano
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Human Resource Policies ◽  
Course Experience ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Fundamental Values ◽  
Latin American Countries

The article analyzes an experience in technical cooperation between Brazil and Andean countries in the form of the International Course in the Management of Human Resource Policies in Health. This exploratory documental study encompassed a number of Latin American countries whose institutions of higher education had partnerships with the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, mediated by the Pan American Health Organization Representation in Brazil. The course experience shows that fundamental values like ethics and solidarity are determinant to the success of technical cooperation processes.

scholarly journals Changes in the Sodium Content of Foods Sold in Four Latin American Countries: 2015 to 2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4108
Author(s):  
Adriana Blanco-Metzler ◽  
Jaritza Vega-Solano ◽  
Beatriz Franco-Arellano ◽  
Lorena Allemandi ◽  
Rodrigo Burgos Larroza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Packaged Foods ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Made In

In 2015, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) published sodium targets for packaged foods, which included two distinct levels: one “regional” and one “lower” target. Changes to the sodium content of the food supply in Latin American Countries (LAC) has not been evaluated. A repeated cross-sectional study used food label data from 2015 (n = 3859) and 2018 (n = 5312) to determine changes in the proportion of packaged foods meeting the PAHO sodium targets and the distribution in the sodium content of foods in four LAC (Argentina, Costa Rica, Paraguay, Peru). Foods were classified into the 18 food categories in the PAHO targets. The proportion of foods meeting the regional targets increased from 82.9% to 89.3% between 2015 and 2018 (p < 0.001). Overall, 44.4% of categories had significant decreases in mean sodium content. Categories with a higher proportion of foods meeting the regional and lower targets in 2018 compared to 2015 (p < 0.05) were breaded meat and poultry, wet and dry soups, snacks, cakes, bread products, flavored cookies and crackers, and dry pasta and noodles. While positive progress has been made in reducing the sodium content of foods in LAC, sodium intakes in the region remain high. More stringent targets are required to support sodium reduction in LAC.

Interest on the internet for systemic lupus erythematosus: Analysis of Google Trends in Latin American countries

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110103
Author(s):  
Paul J Tejada-Llacsa ◽  
Pamela Villacorta-Landeo ◽  
Eder Aguilar-Buitrón ◽  
Graciela S Alarcón ◽  
Manuel F Ugarte-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Latin American Countries

Background/Objective Information available on the internet about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can influence the doctor-patient relationship. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the terms used for SLE on the internet. Methods We analyzed the data downloaded from Google Trends, considering the term “Lupus” in a six-year web-based research. The frequency of the terms for each Pan-American country was obtained automatically from Google Trends, which reports relative search volumes or RSV (on a scale from 0 to 100) across regions. Results We obtained a total of 67 registered terms in 18 countries. The terms were distributed into five categories. The categories with interest in all countries were “definition” and “symptoms”. Conclusions Google Trends allows us to find useful information about SLE on the internet; once the accuracy of this information is validated, it can be used by patients, health institutions, rheumatologists and other health professionals.

Profile of Medical Education in Latin America

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Health Manpower ◽  
American Schools ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

Preliminary results of a study on medical education in Latin America carried out by the Department of Human Resources Development of the Pan American Health Organization are given in this article. Each of the Latin American schools of medicine existing at the end of 1967 and at the beginning of 1968 was visited by a researcher for approximately seven days. During this period specially prepared questionnaires were completed. An analysis of the data reveals the presence of three types of imbalances: (1) imbalance between the system of secondary education and that of medical education, (2) internal imbalance between the system of higher education and medical education, and (3) imbalance between the system of health services and that of medical education. The study of the data compiled may serve as a basis for the proposal of activities leading to harmonious development of the health manpower sector.

2019 LIMA DECLARATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
James Appleyard
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
National University ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
International College ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

This Declaration has emanated from the Latin American Conference on Person-Centered Medicine, held in Lima-Peru on December 13 and 14, 2019, organized by the Peruvian Association of Person Centered Medicine (APEMCP), the Latin American Network of Person Centered Medicine (RLMCP), and the International College of Person Centered Medicine (ICPCM); under the auspices of the Peruvian Association of Faculties of Medicine (ASPEFAM), the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO / WHO), and the San Marcos National University (UNMSM).

scholarly journals La violencia homicida en América Latina

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Briceño-León
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Health ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
Social Classification ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Latin American Countries

RESUMEN: El artículo analiza la situación de la violencia homicida en América Latina, cuál es su ubicación en la situación mundial de violencia y cuáles serían las posibles explicaciones para el lugar que ocupa. Utilizando la base de datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud se clasifican las regiones por su tasa de homicidios y se ubica a América Latina como la región más violenta. Los países de América Latina son clasificados en cuatro grupos de acuerdo a la relación de su tasa de homicidios con la tasa media mundial y se caracterizan socialmente las víctimas.Para interpretar esa situación se relacionan con los niveles de urbanización y pobreza y se presentan los factores que pueden originar, fomentar y facilitar el incremento o disminución de los homicidios y su potencial utilidad en las políticas públicas.ABSTRACT: This article explores the situation of homicide violence in Latin America, its position within the worlds violence situation and the possible explanations for that position. Using the data bases of the World Health Organization, regions are classified by their homicide rates, which puts Latin America as the most violent region. Latin American countries are set in four groups according to the relation of their homicide rates with the world’s rate, and a social classification of victims is built. For interpreting this situation, those factors are put in relation with the levels of urbanization and poverty, and the possible causes of the increase or decrease of homicides are presented, as well as their potential utility for public policy making.

2018 LIMA DECLARATION TOWARDS THE LATIN AMERICAN CONSTRUCTION OF PERSONS-CENTERED INTEGRAL HEALTH CARE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan E. Mezzich
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin American ◽  
American Association ◽  
Regional Council ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National University ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
International College ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

Resulting from the First Peruvian Encounter of Person Centered Medicine with multidisciplinary participation, held in Lima, Peru on December 14 and 15, 2018, organized by the Peruvian Association of Person Centered Medicine and under the auspices of the Latin American Network of Person-Centered Medicine, the Latin American Association of National Academies of Medicine (ALANAM), the Peruvian Association of Faculties of Medicine (ASPEFAM), the Representation in Peru of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), San Marcos National University (Peru), the Regional Council III – Lima of the Medical College of Peru, and the International College of Person Centered Medicine.

Latin American health cooperation shows limited gains

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Procurement ◽  
Price Negotiations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Health Cooperation

Subject Pharmaceutical procurement and pricing. Significance For over a decade, Latin American countries have engaged in efforts to reduce the price of high-cost medications, whether through joint price negotiations or pooled procurement at the regional and, in some cases, national level. In public health emergencies such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)'s Strategic Fund is also often utilised to make emergency public sector acquisitions of medications and strategic health supplies, as they do not have to have the cash on hand, but can get what amounts to a short-term, interest-free loan. Impacts Difficulties in regional cooperation may further complicate the fight against COVID-19. The USMCA may strengthen pushback on pharmaceutical costs. Healthcare costs will continue to drive frictions in countries such as Chile.

scholarly journals A Proposal of a Combined Convergence Regulatory Strategy Applied to Post-approval Changes by Latin American Countries, Reducing Workload and Allowing Continuous Improvement to Guarantee the Quality, Safety, and Efficacy of Medicines

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heraclio Rodriguez ◽  
Maria Lucia De Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Latin American Countries

In recent years, post-approval changes (PACs) for medicinal products have increased faster than the national regulatory agencies can attend to without causing any negative impact. This study presents a proposal for regulatory management based on our analysis of the data available from the national regulatory agencies of Latin America on the total post-approval changes evaluated, and the time spent in the process. A retrospective search on the official websites of competent national regulatory authorities (NRAs) of 14 Latin American countries (México, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Panamá, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Argentina, Chile and Brazil) was conducted to collect data on post-approval changes in the last 4–6 years, up to January 2021. The NRAs considered were Brazil, México, Colombia, and Costa Rica. Our analysis was focused on the post-approval changes that required approval before implementation, those that were submitted, and those that were submitted and approved for small molecules, biologics, and biotechnological products. The results indicated differences in the regulatory processes and procedures applied by the different agencies. We also found that the implementation of the PACs was directly impacted by limited resources, which puts the medication supply for chronic treatments at risk resulting in serious consequences for patients. For local decision-making, Latin American NRAs should implement regulatory pathways already made by regulatory agencies included in the World Health Organization Listed Authorities on PAC approval to optimize their resources and to ensure the continuity of medicine supply for their patients.

scholarly journals Institutional learning and early economic impact results obtained by the network of business development centers in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Barra Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Institutional Learning ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Productive Development

Like other Latin American countries, Chile depends heavily on the activity of small and medium-sized companies to sustain some macro and microeconomic indicators. In particular, one of the productive development agencies that has taken a leading role in this objective is the Technical Cooperation Service (SERCOTEC). This institution has defined a set of support programs in different areas in order to meet the needs of this business segment. In this context, the article provides an overview of institutional learning, lessons learned, and economic impacts obtained by the Business Development Centers program, describing the central role of this innovative public policy that has responded actively and efficiently to the growth of the ventures and companies assisted between the years 2015-2019.

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