Evaluation of sugar cane bagasse subjected to haying and ensiling

This work aimed to evaluate sugar cane bagasse from cachaça production, subjected to hay-making and ensiling. The experiment was conduced at Universidade Federal de Lavras, MG, using the completely random delineation (CRD), with seven treatment and three repetitions. The treatments were constituted of in natura sugar cane bagasse (INB), manually hayed and baled sugar cane bagasse, mechanically hayed and baled, manually baled INB and mechanically baled INB, whole ensiled INB and chopped ensiled INB. Bromatological composition, tampon capacity (TC), pH values and total sugar rate of the INB were evaluated. For the ensilage, there were used cistern silos and for the baling, manual and mechanical balers. The bagasse was baled in natura, or after reaching 89% rate of DM, according to the treatments. The evaluated characteristics were dry matter rate (DM), crude protein (CP), fiber in neutral detergent (FND), fiber in acid detergent (FAD). The results went through variance analyses and the averages were compared by the Scott - Knott test (P<0.05). The INB presented rates of 51.70% of DM; 2% of CP; 79.43% of FND; 48.78% of FAD and 16.4% of total sugar in the MS. The sugar cane bagasse presented low TC and the silage presented satisfactory pH for good conservation. The dehydration followed by the manual baling provided a decrease in the cell wall components, revealing itself as the best bagasse conservation method.

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Alkali-Treated Orchardgrass and Alfalfa: Composition and In Situ Digestion of Dry Matter and Cell Wall Components

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(90)78924-2 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 73 (9) ◽

pp. 2404-2412 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C.J. Canale ◽

S.M. Abrams ◽

G.A. Varga ◽

L.D. Muller

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Wall Components

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Effect of supplementing sheep with oat grain on their intake, digestion, and nitrogen balance when fed chopped carpet grass (Axonopus affinis Chase) hay

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9920163 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

CE Lloyd ◽

HL Davies ◽

Davies H Lloyd

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Wall Components

The effect of 0, 150, 300 and 450 g/day of oat grain on voluntary consumption, digestibility, and nitrogen balance in sheep offered chopped carpet grass(Axonopus affinis Chase) hay was studied.Carpet grass intake was significantly (P<0.05) decreased at the 2 higher levels of oat grain. The intake of unsupplemented hay was 606 g/day, compared with 410 g at the highest oat intake. Total dry matter intake increased linearly with level of oat supplementation, from 606 to 816 g/day. No associated effects were detected on the digestibility of the hay. Digestibility of the cell wall components decreased at the higher level of oat supplementation.

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Estimating Losses of Dry Matter from Wetted Alfalfa-Orchardgrass Mixtures Using Cell Wall Components as Internal Markers

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 2481-2489 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. K. Coblentz ◽

W. E. Jokela

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Internal Markers ◽

Wall Components

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Effect of increasing the proportion of dietary concentrate for dairy cows on the composition of ruminal contents and faeces and physico-chemical characteristics of duodenal digesta

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a97-030 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 121-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. S. Mir ◽

Z. Mir

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Starch Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Wall Components

An experiment was conducted with six dairy cows in a twice replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design, to determine the chemical composition of ruminal contents and faeces and physico-chemical characteristics of duodenal digesta including, viscosity, pH, titratable acidity, microbial protein, total protein, starch and cell wall components. The cows were fed ad libitum, long alfalfa hay (CP = 16.6%) and a concentrate (CP = 17%) in the ratios of 79:21, 50:50 or 23:77 and the effect of diet on digest characteristics was determined to establish an association among diet composition, digesta characteristics and feed utilization. Feed intake was highest for cows fed hay and concentrate in equal proportions (20.9 kg d−1) and greater (P < 0.05) than that of cows consuming 77% concentrate (17.2 kg d−1). Increasing the proportion of dietary concentrate from 50 to 77% did not alter the composition of ruminal contents from the cows. However, content of crude protein was lower (P < 0.05) and that of cell wall components was higher (P < 0.05) in cows consuming the 21% concentrate relative to those consuming 50 or 77% concentrate. Increasing the proportion of dietary concentrate resulted in linear increases (P < 0.05) in viscosity of the supernatant from duodenal digesta, dry matter and protein content. However, a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in microbial protein in duodenal digesta was observed. A quadratic increase (P = 0.05) in starch content and linear declines (P < 0.05) in content of cell wall components in duodenal digesta with increasing dietary concentrate was observed. Content of crude protein and cell wall components in faeces was different (P < 0.05) for cows consuming the three levels of concentrate. Results indicate that the proportion of dietary concentrate affects viscosity of duodenal digesta which may be due to the presence of starch and cell wall components of digesta entering the duodenum and these characteristics may affect nutrient absorption from the small intestine. Key words: Ruminal contents, duodenal digesta, viscosity, titratable acidity, microbial protein

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Estimating Losses of Dry Matter from Simulated Rainfall on Bermudagrass and Orchardgrass Forages Using Cell Wall Components as Markers

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2004.1680 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 1680-1687 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. A. Scarbrough ◽

W. K. Coblentz ◽

J. B. Humphry ◽

K. P. Coffey ◽

T. J. Sauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Simulated Rainfall ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Wall Components

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Chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of sugar cane silage enriched with detoxified castor bean meal

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-7143 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 181-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.C. Oliveira ◽

R. Garcia ◽

A.J.V. Pires ◽

H.C. Oliveira ◽

V.V.S. Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Sugar Cane ◽

Castor Bean ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Alcoholic Fermentation ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Ph Values ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Four Levels

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of detoxified castor bean meal (CM) content on the chemical-bromatological composition, as well as the fermentation characteristics and dry matter losses of sugarcane silage. The treatments consisted of four levels (0, 7, 14 and 21% natural matter) of addition of castor bean meal. The design was completely randomized, with five replicates. The material was ensiled in PVC silos of 50-cm in height and 10-cm in diameter, which were opened after 60 days. The density of fodder maintained in the silos was equal to 750kg of natural matter/m3. In order to quantify the gas and effluent losses, the silos were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The addition of castor bean meal has increased the levels of DM and crude protein and reduced the levels of neutral detergent fiber, N-NH3, ethanol, and gas and effluent losses from silages, but did not affect pH values. During ensiling, alcoholic fermentation was controlled with the inclusion of the additive.

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Mitogenic Activity of Cell Wall Components from Lactobacillus acidophilus

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho ◽

10.2508/chikusan.64.505 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 505-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masahiro YAMADA ◽

Haruki KITAZAWA ◽

Junko UEMURA ◽

Tadao SAITOH ◽

Takatoshi ITOH

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

Mitogenic Activity ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Wall Components

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Ibudilast Mitigates Delayed Bone Healing Caused by Lipopolysaccharide by Altering Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031169 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1169

Author(s):

Yuhan Chang ◽

Chih-Chien Hu ◽

Ying-Yu Wu ◽

Steve W. N. Ueng ◽

Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Bone Bridge ◽

Cell Wall Components ◽

Osteoclast Activity ◽

Wall Components

Bacterial infection in orthopedic surgery is challenging because cell wall components released after bactericidal treatment can alter osteoblast and osteoclast activity and impair fracture stability. However, the precise effects and mechanisms whereby cell wall components impair bone healing are unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bone healing and osteoclast and osteoblast activity in vitro and in vivo and evaluated the effects of ibudilast, an antagonist of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), on LPS-induced changes. In particular, micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct femoral morphology and analyze callus bone content in a femoral defect mouse model. In the sham-treated group, significant bone bridge and cancellous bone formation were observed after surgery, however, LPS treatment delayed bone bridge and cancellous bone formation. LPS inhibited osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, calcium deposition, and osteopontin secretion and increased the activity of osteoclast-associated molecules, including cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in vitro. Finally, ibudilast blocked the LPS-induced inhibition of osteoblast activation and activation of osteoclast in vitro and attenuated LPS-induced delayed callus bone formation in vivo. Our results provide a basis for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of bone infection.

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