scholarly journals Energetic efficiency of protein and body fat retention in crossbred Bos indicus and Bos Taurus × Bos indicus raised under tropical conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1581-1586
Author(s):  
Douglas Sampaio Henrique ◽  
César de Queiroz ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Mendonça Vieira ◽  
Mosar Faria Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Partial Body

The efficiency of fat and protein retention by Bos indicus and its cross-breds was estimated from data obtained in the literature to verify possible differences between these animals and Bos taurus. After estimating the efficiencies, a correction factor was used to discount the metabolizable energy fraction that was spent in the maintenance and support metabolism processes. The efficiencies were then estimated again, assuming that all the remaining energy would correspond to the metabolizable energy available for body mass retention. The correction value used was considered satisfactory to discount energetic losses for maintenance and support. The efficiency values of partial body fat and protein retention in Bos indicus and its cross-bred were very similar to values reported by other authors who researched Bos taurus exclusively.

Urinary purine derivatives excretion in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
F. Herrera Gomez ◽  
F.D.DeB Hovell ◽  
C.A. Sandoval Castro
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Microbial N

The purine derivatives (PD) have been proposed as a non-invasive method to estimate microbial-N supply to the small intestine (Chen et al., 1990a; Verbic et al., 1990). The use of PD urinary excretion has the advantage that it can be used with intact animals thus reducing the concern of animal welfare issues. Although, there are known differences in purine metabolism between cattle (B. taurus), sheep and buffaloes (Bubalis bubalis) (Chen et al., 1990b; Chen et al., 1996), no direct comparison of PD urinary excretion has been made so far between cattle especies, therefore, the objective of the present experiment was to compare PD urinary excretion of B. taurus and B. indicus cattle fed similar diets under tropical conditions.

Thermosensitivity of Bos indicus cattle and their F1, crosses with three breeds of Bos taurus

1991 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khub Singh ◽  
N. K. Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Holstein Friesian

ABSTRACTResting heat production (H), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (Tr) were measured at different controlled temperatures (Tt) in Hariana (Bos indicus) and its F, crosses with Jersey (JH), Brown Swiss (BH) and Holstein Friesian (FH) (Bos taurus) breeds and the values obtained were used to assess their relative thermosensitivity.The lowest Tt at which H significantly decreased from that at 17°c was 32°c for Hariana, JH and BH and 27°c for FH after exposure for 8 days. The corresponding values after exposure for 18 days were 37°c for Hariana and 32°c for all the three crossbred groups. Differences between the genetic groups were also significant. The lowest Tt at which metabolizable energy (ME) decreased significantly in comparison with those at 17CC was 32°c in all the genetic groups. The differences in ME intake between genetic groups were significant only at 32°c Tt. The lowest Tt at which RR significantly increased from those at 17°c were 32°c in Hariana, 27°c in JH, BH and FH for both 5 to 7 and 15 to 17 days of exposure. The corresponding Tt for increase in Tr was 37°c in Hariana, 32°c in JH and 27°c in BH and FH at both 5 to 7 and 15 to 17 days of exposure.The ambient temperature at which H would have significantly decreased and RR and Tr increased from the respective values at 17CC Tt were calculated curvilinearly for different genetic groups. There were differences in these values of calculated ambient temperatures between genetic groups and between exposure durations in respect of H, RR, and Tr, indicating differences in thermosensitivity.

Energy balance following sympathetic denervation of brown adipose tissue

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Dulloo ◽  
D. S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose

The effects of sham, bilateral surgical denervation or excision of interscapular brown adipose tissue on body composition and energetic efficiency were studied in young CFLP mice kept at 25 °C and fed a laboratory stock diet. A preliminary experiment showed that 15 weeks following surgery, total body fat was increased by 42% in the denervated group and by 72% in the excised group while body protein was unchanged. In another 7-week energy balance experiment, body fat was also significantly higher by 15 and 18% in the denervated and excised group, respectively, but metabolizable energy intake was slightly lower than that of sham controls. Determination of energy expenditure both by the comparative carcass slaughter technique and by measurement of daily oxygen consumption showed that the metabolic rate was reduced in the denervated and excised groups. The capacity for thermogenesis, as measured by an increase in oxygen consumption following injections of noradrenaline (600 μg/kg body weight) was similar in all groups. These studies show that denervation or excision of interscapular brown adipose tissue causes an elevation in energetic efficiency, and indicates an important role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of animal heat production by brown adipose tissue and in the overall control of thermogenesis.

Genotype differences and their impact on digestive tract function of ruminants: a review

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Tract Function

Physiological factors that cause between-animal variation in digestive function were evaluated as possible selection traits to achieve improved growth and feed-use efficiency by ruminants. Comparative studies of the digestive function of Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle, as well as selection lines of dairy cows and sheep were reviewed to determine the scope and significance of diversity in rumen function. All investigations indicated differences in digesta retention time between genotypes. Therefore, the digesta retention time, either the total mean retention time (MRT) or the ruminal retention time (RRT), may be suitable selection traits for improving animal productivity.Differences in MRT and RRT may affect animal productivity by changing the number and diversity of rumen microorganisms, the volatile fatty acid (VFA) pattern, the composition and maintenance energy requirement of the microbes, and thus the energetic efficiency of microbial growth. Further effects associated with changed RRT include a possible reduction in methane production and increased long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) synthesis in the rumen, which may consequently affect the energetic efficiency of the ruminant. It is concluded that despite strong evidence of genetic diversity in gut function, the central role of MRT and RRT in digestive metabolism has not been fully appreciated, nor have their contribution to productivity differences among livestock of similar or divergent genotypes been adequately investigated.

Induction of ovulation with GnRH and PGF2a in lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ahuja ◽  
F. Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination

Induction of ovulation for timed artificial insemination (TAI) with the Ovsynch protocol was evaluated in 49 anoestrous and lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows. Palpation per rectum and transrectal ultrasonography were used on Days -30, -20, -10 and 0 (start of treatment) to confirm anoestrus but with the presence of follicles = 10 mm, and every other day during treatment to determine ovarian activity. Cows were randomly assigned to: (1) Ovsynch (n = 24; Day 0, 200 µg GnRH; Day 7, 150 µg PGF2a; Day 9, 200 µg GnRH + TAI 16 to 20 h later) and (2) control (n = 25; no treatment). Rates of ovulation for the first GnRH injection, detection of a corpus luteum (CL) at PGF2a injection, pregnancy and induction of cyclicity were greater (P < 0.05) with Ovsynch. There was no effect of body condition score (P ? 0.05). In conclusion, the Ovsynch protocol was not effective in obtaining acceptable pregnancy rate for TAI, but it was effective for induction of cyclicity in anoestrous and lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows under tropical conditions.

Reproductive parameters of Bos taurus and Bos indicus bulls during different seasons in tropical conditions: focus on an alternative approach to testicular assessments using ultrasonography

2021 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 106668
Author(s):  
Roberta Ferreira Leite ◽  
João Diego de Agostini Losano ◽  
Daniel de Souza Ramos Angrimani ◽  
Raphaela Gabrielle Brito Sousa ◽  
Álvaro de Miranda Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Different Seasons

scholarly journals PSVI-7 Effects of feeding chromium- and zinc- amino acid complexes on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing bulls fed zilpaterol hydrochloride for the last 30 days in the feedlot

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
Ruben Barajas ◽  
Billy J J Cervantes ◽  
Mark E Branine ◽  
Connie K Larson ◽  
Alejandro Ramos-Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Zilpaterol Hydrochloride ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Eden Prairie

Abstract A 2 x 2 factorial study was conducted to evaluate main and interaction effects of feeding amino acid complexed sources of Zn (Zn-AAC; 40 mg /kg DM from Availa® Zn; Zinpro Corp., Eden Prairie, MN) and Cr (chromium methionine; Cr-Met; 0.20 mg / kg DM from Availa® Cr; Zinpro Corp., Eden Prairie, MN) fed in combination or separately, compared to an iso-Zn level Control (CON) group that provided Zn from ZnSO4 (80 mg Zn∙kg-1DM) with no supplemental source of Cr. Treatments were replicated into 4 pens with 5 finishing Bos taurus x Bos indicus bullocks/pen (80 bullocks; BW= 421 kg). Treatment diets were initiated 28 d prior to starting zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZIL; 15 mg/kg BW) with ZIL fed daily for 33 d followed by a 4 d withdrawal before harvest. During the ZIL-feeding Zn-ACC x Cr-Met interactions were present for ADG and Gain:Feed (G:F) where Zn-ACC improved ADG (P≤ 0.05) and Cr-Met improved G:F vs. CON. Effects may have been mediated by differences in DM intake (DMI), where DMI was numerically increased by Zn-ACC and decreased (P ≤ 0.01) by Cr-Met. Overall, feeding Cr-Met moderated DMI and improved G:F (P ≤ 0.05). Measures of carcass composition were not affected by Zn-ACC or Cr-Met. Hot carcass weight was increased (P ≤ 0.05) by feeding Zn-ACC and tended to increase with Cr-Met. Daily carcass gain increased from feeding either Zn-ACC or Cr-Met during the ZIL phase and overall study. Feeding Zn-ACC was a primary driver during the ZIL period and overall trial for increasing growth rate, with little or no influence on DM intake while feeding Cr-Met moderated DM intake to improve dietary and energetic efficiency. Balancing the feeding levels of Zn-ACC and Cr-Met will be key to optimizing the overall biological response and net return.

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