scholarly journals Reduction of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soil with increasing pH

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Miyazawa ◽  
Marcos A. Pavan ◽  
Cláudio O. Ziglio ◽  
Júlio C. Franchini
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

A laboratory study was conducted with soil samples and synthetic solutions to investigate possible mechanisms related with reduction in KCl exchangeable Ca and Mg with increasing pH. Increasing soil pH over 5.3 with CaCO3 added to the soil and with NaOH solution added to soil/KCl suspension increased adsorptions of Ca and Mg. The reduction of Mg was greater than Ca and was related to the concentration of soil exchangeable Al. The decreases of soluble Ca and Mg following addition of Al in synthetic solution were at pH > 7.5. The isomorphic coprecipitation reaction with Al compounds may be the most possible mechanism responsible for the decrease of exchangeable Ca and Mg with increasing pH. Possible chemical reactions are presented.

Measuring Calcium and Magnesium Contents on the Sludge Composting with Different Treatments

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3150-3154
Author(s):  
Jian She Yang ◽  
Ying Ding
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Edta Complex ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Sludge Composting

Abstract: Calcium and magnesium contents of sludge composting are measured by using the method of ammonium acetate-EDTA complex metric titration here, through Fermentation accelerant and increased nutrient agent treatments. The results showed as following: 1, exchangeable Ca and Mg contents of sludge single treatment increased more 6.83% and5.12% at the end of composting, than at the beginning of composting. 2, Fermentation accelerant added in sludge from 8% to 40%,，the exchangeable calcium and magnesium are more 4.38% ~ 10.58% and 6.77% ~ 13.78% at the end of composting than at the beginning of composting. The exchangeable Ca increased 19.51% ~ 104.83%, but 6.05% of a decreased trend for exchangeable magnesium, Compared with the sludge single compost. 3, as increasing the amount of nutrient agent from 30% to 50%, the exchangeable calcium and magnesium are more 3.88%~7.75%and 5.24%~9.18% at the end of composting than at the beginning of composting. The exchangeable Ca increased in 11.35%~41.13%,but 49%~-3.96% of a decreased trend for exchangeable magnesium, Compared with the sludge single compost. 4, under the condition added 24% of the Fermentation accelerant agent to the sludge, as the Increased nutrient agents from 8% to 32%, the exchangeable calcium and magnesium measured are increased 2.63%~5.54%and3.6%~4.19% at the end of composting , compared with The beginning of composting. The exchangeable Ca increased in 52.34%~112.04%,but -10.15%~-15.59% for exchangeable magnesium, Compared with the sludge single compost.

scholarly journals Relationship between macrofauna, mineralogy and exchangeable calcium and magnesium in Cerrado Oxisols under pasture

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 996-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Rodolfo Siqueira Vendrame ◽  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Osmar Rodrigues Brito ◽  
Maria de Fátima Guimarães ◽  
Thierry Becquer
Keyword(s):  
Total Carbon ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soil Groups

The objective of this work was to assess the relationship between macrofauna, mineralogy and exchangeable calcium and magnesium in Cerrado Oxisols under pasture. Twelve collection points were chosen in the Distrito Federal and in Formosa municipality, Goiás state, Brazil, representing four soil groups with varied levels of calcium + magnesium and kaolinite/(kaolinite + gibbsite) ratios. Soil macrofauna was collected in triplicate at each collection point, and identified at the level of taxonomic groups. Macrofauna density showed correlation with contents of kaolinite, gibbsite and exchangeable Ca + Mg in the soils. Mineralogy and exchangeable Ca + Mg had significant effects on taxonomic groups and relative density of soil macrofauna. The termites (Isoptera) were more abundant in soils with low exchangeable Ca + Mg; earthworms (Oligochaeta), in soils with high levels of kaolinite; and Hemiptera and Coleoptera larvae were more abundant in gibbsitic soils with higher contents of total carbon.

Effects of a Lime Slurry on Soil pH, Exchangeable Calcium, and Peanut Yields

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Adams ◽  
Dallas Hartzog
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Ap Horizon ◽  
Limestone Soil ◽  
Low Rate

Abstract The effectiveness of a low rate of lime slurry for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production was evaluated on four Coastal Plain soils of southeastern Alabama. The four experimental sites were selected on farmers' fields because of their low soil pH and low exchangeable Ca. Lime was applied just prior to planting at a 560-kg/ha rate and at the recommended rate; lime sources included a slurry, an equally-fine dry limestone, and an agricultural-grade limestone. Soil pH and exchangeable Ca of the Ap horizon were measured by depth increments when crop was harvested. Lime slurry and dry lime at equivalent rates had identical effects on soil pH and peanut yields. The 560-kg/ha rate was inadequate for maximum peanut yields on Ca-deficient soils. The recommended rate of agricultural-grade limestone was more reactive than the low rate of lime slurry, and it also produced higher peanut yields.

scholarly journals Alleviating aluminum toxicity in an acid sulfate soil from Peninsular Malaysia by calcium silicate application

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Elisa ◽  
S. Ninomiya ◽  
J. Shamshuddin ◽  
I. Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Abstract. In response to human population increase, the utilization of acid sulfate soils for rice cultivation is one option for increasing production. The main problems associated with such soils are their low pH values and their associated high content of exchangeable Al, which could be detrimental to crop growth. The application of soil amendments is one approach for mitigating this problem, and calcium silicate is an alternative soil amendment that could be used. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to ameliorate soil acidity in rice-cropped soil. The secondary objective was to study the effects of calcium silicate amendment on soil acidity, exchangeable Al, exchangeable Ca, and Si content. The soil was treated with 0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha−1 of calcium silicate under submerged conditions and the soil treatments were sampled every 30 days throughout an incubation period of 120 days. Application of calcium silicate induced a positive effect on soil pH and exchangeable Al; soil pH increased from 2.9 (initial) to 3.5, while exchangeable Al was reduced from 4.26 (initial) to 0.82 cmolc kg−1. Furthermore, the exchangeable Ca and Si contents increased from 1.68 (initial) to 4.94 cmolc kg−1 and from 21.21 (initial) to 81.71 mg kg−1, respectively. Therefore, it was noted that calcium silicate was effective at alleviating Al toxicity in acid sulfate, rice-cropped soil, yielding values below the critical level of 2 cmolc kg−1. In addition, application of calcium silicate showed an ameliorative effect as it increased soil pH and supplied substantial amounts of Ca and Si.

scholarly journals A survey of the pH status and related fertility factors of sugarcane fields of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Vélez-Ramos ◽  
Miguel A. Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Production Areas

A field survey was initiated in the main sugarcane production areas of Puerto Rico to determine the pH status of sugarcane soils and those specific soil factors that influence growth and development, such as exchangeable cations, percentage base saturation (% BS) and lime requirement. Soil samples from Coloso, Plata, Arecibo, Humacao, Yabucoa and Eureka areas were analyzed for pH, available P, Fe and Mn; exchangeable K, Ca, Mg and Al; percentage base saturation and lime requirements. Soil pH ranged from as low as 3.2 to a high of 8.1. Sixty-eight percent of the soil samples analyzed showed pH values below 5.5. The lowest soil pH values were observed in the Eureka area and the highest in Arecibo, whereas in the Coloso, Plata, Humacao and Yabucoa areas pH values were intermediate with readings between 4 and 5 as an average. Eighty percent of the soil samples from Plata, 40.0% of those from Eureka and 40.5% of those from Coloso had pH values below 4.5. All soil samples collected in Humacao and Yabucoa (except one) showed pH values below 5.5. No definite trend was observed when sugarcane yield per acre and soil pH for the Yabucoa-Humacao area were compared. In general, P and K were low in all regions sampled, whereas Ca and Mg values were higher in the Coloso than in the Yabucoa-Humacao regions. Soils from the Coloso region showed higher levels of exchangeable Al and higher percentages of Al saturation than soils from the Yabucoa-Humacao region. This fact, together with a lower % BS should aggravate acidity problems in the Coloso region. Percentage base saturation was good at the higher pH readings.

scholarly journals Interaction of liming and long-term fertilization increased crop yield and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) through mediating exchangeable cations in acidic soil under wheat–maize cropping system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qaswar ◽  
Li Dongchu ◽  
Huang Jing ◽  
Han Tianfu ◽  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Lime Application

AbstractLow phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of the main problems of acidic soil that limit the crop growth. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the response of crop yield and PUE to the long-term application of fertilizers and quicklime (CaO) in the acidic soil under wheat–maize rotation system. Treatments included, CK (no fertilization), NP (inorganic nitrogen and P fertilization), NPK (inorganic N, P and potassium fertilization), NPKS (NPK + straw return), NPCa (NP + lime), NPKCa (NPK + lime) and NPKSCa (NPKS + lime). Results showed that, fertilizer without lime treatments, significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased soil pH and crop yield, compared to the fertilizer with lime treatments during the period of 2012–2018. Average among years, compared to the CK treatment, wheat grain yield increased by 138%, 213%, 198%, 547%, 688% and 626%, respectively and maize yield increased by 687%, 1887%, 1651%, 2605%, 5047% and 5077%, respectively, under the NP, NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Lime application significantly increased soil exchangeable base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and decreased Al3+ cation. Compared to the NP treatment, phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) increased by 220%, 212%, 409%, 807% and 795%, respectively, under the NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Soil pH showed significant negative relationship with exchangeable Al3+ and soil total N. While, soil pH showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive relationship with exchangeable Ca2+, PUE and annual crop yield. PUE was highly negatively correlated with soil exchangeable Al3+. In addition, soil exchangeable Ca2+, pH, exchangeable Al3+ and available N were the most influencing factors of crop yield. Therefore, we concluded that lime application is an effective strategy to mitigate soil acidification and to increase PUE through increasing exchangeable base cations and reducing the acidic cations for high crop yield in acidic soil.

CONTRIBUTION OF EXCHANGEABLE ALUMINUM TO CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY AT LOW pH

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN DUQUETTE ◽  
WILLIAM H. HENDERSHOT
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
Ph Dependent

The cation and anion exchange capacities (CEC and AEC) as functions of pH were measured for 12 soil samples from various parts of Quebec. In addition to the index cation Ca, Al was measured in the replacing solutions in order to evaluate the contribution of Al to pH-dependent CEC at low pH. Although all of the soils possessed some pH-dependent CEC, the soils with the steepest rise in CEC with pH were those with the largest accumulation of sesquioxides. The effective CEC, measured at the soil pH, ranged from 2.4 to 37.2 cmol(+) kg−1 while the CEC at pH 7 minus the CEC at pH3 varied from 4.4 to 39.9 cmol(+) kg−1. The maximum amount of exchangeable Al was found to correlate very highly with the amount of amorphous inorganic Al in the samples. The inclusion of exchangeable Al in the calculation did not significantly reduce the amount of pH-dependent CEC measured for the soils. Key words: Effective CEC, permanent charge, pH-dependent CEC

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Sweet orange-Growing soil of YSR district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A, Ramanjaneya Reddy ◽  
◽  
V. Munaswamy ◽  
P. Venkataram muni Reddy ◽  
B. Ravindra Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

The soil samples at 0-30 cm and sub-surface 30-60 cm from fifty sweet orange orchards aged between 12 to 13 years were collected and analysed to know the nutrient status of orchards in YSR district of Andhra Pradesh. The results showed that, about 82 per cent of soils were deficient in available nitrogen and 20 per cent in available phosphorus, however, 68 per cent of samples were high in available potassium. Though these samples had adequate exchangeable calcium and magnesium but were low in DTPA- Fe (24%) and Zn (78%).

scholarly journals Nutrient characteristics of aggregates and rhizosphere of a degraded upland soil: Implication for soil fertility evaluation

2009 ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Ian Navarrete ◽  
Salfe Macalde ◽  
Victor Asio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Upland Soil ◽  
Exchangeable Ca

The influence of aggregates and rhizosphere on nutrient availability of degraded tropical soils is not yet well understood. The study evaluated differences in the nutrient characteristics between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, aggregated and homogenized soil samples, and inner and outer portions of aggregates. Soil samples were collected from a degraded upland soil in Pinabacdao, Samar, Philippines, and analyzed for selected soil properties. Results revealed that rhizosphere soil had higher organic matter (OM), available P contents, and exchangeable Ca and Mg contents than the non-rhizosphere soil but with no considerable variation in soil pH. Results also showed no differences in the chemical properties between the outer and inner portions of aggregates and that the aggregated samples slightly differed from the homogenized soil samples in terms of some chemical characteristics. Findings suggest that the standard practice of homogenizing soil sample for analysis may have limitations for fertility evaluation of degraded soils.

The use of Ca-modified, brown-coal-derived humates and fulvates for treatment of soil acidity

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damayanthi Peiris ◽  
Antonio F. Patti ◽  
W. Roy Jackson ◽  
Marc Marshall ◽  
Christopher J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Over The Top

Previous workers have demonstrated the amelioration of soil acidity with Ca-saturated, at least slightly soluble, organic materials. This study investigated the effectiveness of a new source of such materials, the humate- or fulvate-rich products of oxidation (hydrogen peroxide) of Loy Yang brown coal. The products were characterised by physical and spectroscopic measurements and by elemental analysis. Two products, one approximately half fulvate (fulvate-rich), the other predominantly humate (humate-rich) were mixed with CaCl2 and then used to treat columns of an acid red podzol soil from Book Book, NSW. Leachate fractions were collected and analysed for pH, ionic strength, and concentration of Ca, Mg, K, Mn, Fe, and Al. After leaching (3 pore volumes), each soil column was sectioned and exchangeable Ca and Al contents were determined. The results were compared with those obtained from lime-treated and untreated columns.The Ca-fulvate-rich product was the most effective in lowering the exchangeable Al content of the soil whilst increasing exchangeable Ca and soil pH. About 90% of the reduction in exchangeable Al was due to loss of Al in the leachate rather than immobilisation. The pH increased over the top 15 cm of the column from 3.8 ± 0.1 to 4.5–5.4. The Ca-humate-rich oxidised product was less effective in ameliorating soil acidity, as expected from its chemical properties, but it increased soil pH (to 4.0–4.7) and exchangeable Ca in the top 6 cm of the column and decreased exchangeable Al in the top 12 cm. More of the reduction in exchangeable Al than for the treatment with Ca-fulvate-rich material was due to conversion to an immobile form. This material was superior to lime, which only gave significant improvement near the soil surface. The leachates from treated columns contained the same amounts of Mg, Mn, and K as a control, but more Fe was leached from treated columns, particularly that treated with the Ca-fulvate-rich product.

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