Fish passage ladders from Canoas Complex - Paranapanema River: evaluation of genetic structure maintenance of Salminus brasiliensis (Teleostei: Characiformes)

The aim of this study, utilizing RAPD techniques, was to determine the genetic variability of Salminus brasiliensis groups collected at passage ladders of the hydroelectric plants (HEP) Canoas I and Canoas II - Paranapanema River (Brazil), as well as to estimate the population structure through different parameters of genetic diversity. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that S. brasiliensis of the Canoas Complex has a moderate index of genetic variability ( > 42.00%) when compared to that of other migratory fish species. All genetic diversity analyses (distance = 0.015 and genetic identity = 0.985, F ST =0.018, AMOVA) were signs of low genetic differentiation, and they led to the clustering of S. brasiliensis from Canoas I and Canoas II. This suggests that the species is genetically structured as a single population. Some findings indicate that this population of S. brasiliensis comes from the Capivara Reservoir (Canoas I downstream), probably fed by the Tibagi and Cinzas Rivers. Literature data denote that after fish transposition by passage ladders of the Canoas Complex, the migratory species are not concluding the reproductive cycle. This mechanism, therefore, could be one more impact factor causing the depletion in downstream recruitment, which could in medium and long term be compromising the natural S. brasiliensis population in the middle Paranapanema River.

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Anthropogenic river fragmentation reduces long-term viability of the migratory fish Salminus brasiliensis (Characiformes: Bryconidae) populations

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Josiane Ribolli ◽

Evoy Zaniboni-Filho ◽

Carolina Barros Machado ◽

Tailise Carolina de Souza Guerreiro ◽

Patrícia Domingues de Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Anthropogenic Impacts ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Migratory Fish ◽

Effective Population ◽

Long Distance ◽

Management Actions ◽

Population Structure Analysis ◽

Salminus Brasiliensis

Abstract Life-history, geographical barriers, and damming can shape the genetic diversity of freshwater migratory fish, which are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. We investigated the genetic diversity of Salminus brasiliensis, a long-distance migratory species that is recognized as an important provider of ecosystem services. We implemented microsatellite analyses to assess genetic diversity and simulate future scenarios for evaluating the long-term viability of dammed and non-dammed populations from the Uruguay River. High levels of genetic diversity were detected for all sampled populations. However, effective population sizes were lower in the uppermost river stretches, where the landscape is highly fragmented. Population structure analysis indicated two spatial genetic populations. It is suggested that this genetic structure preserves populations partially isolated by an ancient natural barrier, instead of being a result of the presence of dams. The simulated genetic scenarios indicated that genetic variability of S. brasiliensis populations from upstream dams could collapse over the years, mainly due to the reduction in the number of alleles. Therefore, besides helping to better understand issues related to the influence of dams on the genetic diversity of migratory fish, our results are especially relevant for driving local fishery policies and management actions for the species conservation.

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The roles of marginal lagoons in the maintenance of genetic diversity in the Brazilian migratory fishes Prochilodus argenteus and P. costatus

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000300016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 625-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bruno F. Melo ◽

Yoshimi Sato ◽

Fausto Foresti ◽

Claudio Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Reproductive Season ◽

Migration Routes ◽

Single Population ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Fish Resources ◽

Adequate Management

The rio São Francisco basin contains many endemic species, such as Prochilodus argenteus and P. costatus, which have great commercial importance. However, information about the main recruitment sites and genetic studies containing extensive sampling of these species are scarce. To investigate the roles of the marginal lagoons in the maintenance of genetic variability and in the population structure, we analyzed six microsatellite loci in nine sampling groups of P. argenteusand five sampling groups of P. costatus. Our results showed high levels of genetic variability and low values of genetic differentiation for P. argenteus (FST =0.008, P< 0.05) and for P. costatus(FST =0.031, P < 0.05). In addition, high values of gene flow combined with a small genetic distance suggest the presence of a single population for each species in the middle rio São Francisco basin. Moreover, putative migration routes involving marginal lagoons during the reproductive season could be detected, confirming the importance of these nurseries in the lifecycle of these species. Our results also indicate the necessity of adequate management of the fish resources and the conservation of the floodplains in the rio São Francisco basin.

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Addressing fish-passage issues at hydropower and irrigation infrastructure projects in Indonesia

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf18088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (12) ◽

pp. 1805 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lee J. Baumgartner ◽

Arif Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Fish Passage ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Migratory Fish ◽

Tropical Island ◽

Life History Stages ◽

Barrier Effects ◽

Sumatra Island ◽

Irrigation Infrastructure

Development activities threaten the long-term sustainability of tropical floodplain systems. The construction of dams, weirs, irrigation infrastructure and regulators affect connectivity among habitats and can facilitate rapid declines in riverine biota, especially fish. Indonesia is a tropical island country with an abundance of monsoonal rivers. Massive expansions in hydropower and irrigation infrastructure are planned over the next two decades and mitigation measures will be needed to protect migratory fish. Most Indonesian freshwater fish need to migrate among habitats to complete essential life-history stages. So, strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the barrier effects of river infrastructure to ensure the long-term sustainability of river fishes. A common tool used worldwide is the construction of upstream and downstream fish passes. Only two fish passes exist in Indonesia. One at Perjaya Irrigation Dam on the Komering River (Sumatra island) and another on Poso Dam on the Poso River (Sulawesi island). Neither of these structures has been assessed and many other projects are proceeding without considering potential impacts on fisheries. The proposed infrastructure upgrades over the next two decades provide a once-in-a-generation opportunity to ensure that migratory fish are adequately protected into the future.

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Morphological differentiation among migratory fish species from the Paraná River basin

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032012000400003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 41-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lucileine de Assumpção ◽

Maristela Cavicchioli Makrakis ◽

Sergio Makrakis ◽

Pitágoras Augusto Piana ◽

Patrícia Sarai da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Fish Species ◽

Fish Passage ◽

Paraná River ◽

Migratory Fish ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Caudal Peduncle ◽

Parana River ◽

Maximum Body ◽

Paraná River Basin

This study characterized the morphological differences among migratory fish species from the Paraná River Basin. A total of 177 adult fish of Leporinus elongatus, Leporinus macrocephalus, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, Pimelodus maculatus, Pinirampus pirinampu, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pterodoras granulosus, and Rhaphiodon vulpinus were sampled in the Canal da Piracema, a fish passage system at Itaipu Dam, Paraná River. The migratory species were analyzed through 22 morphometric measurements and fineness ratio to identify morphological patterns related to swimming performance. Four species groups were indicated by the Cluster analysis: I) R. vulpinus; II) P. corruscans; III) L. macrocephalus, L. elongatus, P. lineatus, P. maculatus, and S. brasiliensis - measurements of head height and anal fin length formed this group; and IV) P. granulosus and P. pirinampu - measurements of maximum body width and caudal peduncle width contributed to form this group. The morphometric variables that most contributed to the distinction were head length and mouth width for groups I and II. The species R. vulpinus and P. granulosus differed from other species, showing fineness ratios of 9.4 and 3.7, respectively. Leporinus elongatus, L. macrocephalus, P. lineatus, P. maculatus, and S. brasiliensis showed significant differences from other species, with ratios ranging from 4.57 to 5.19, indicating that these species may be better swimmers. Long-distance migratory species using the Piracema Canal to ascend upstream areas differed morphologically, morphological characteristics such as a narrow caudal peduncle and maximum body length, besides to the values of the fineness ratio, were essential to differentiate the migratory species.

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Genome-wide genetic diversity, population structure and admixture analysis in Eritrean Indigenous Cattle

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v49i6.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 1083-1092

Author(s):

S Goitom ◽

M.G. Gicheha ◽

F.K. Njonge ◽

N Kiplangat

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Population Differentiation ◽

Principal Component ◽

Vital Role ◽

Group Method ◽

Indigenous Cattle ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Genome Wide

Indigenous cattle play a vital role in subsistence and livelihood of pastoral producers in Eritrea. In order to optimally utilize and conserve these valuable indigenous cattle genetic resources, the need to carry out an inventory of their genetic diversity was recognized. This study assessed the genetic variability, population structure and admixture of the indigenous cattle populations (ICPs) of Eritrea using a genotype by sequencing (GBS) approach. The authors genotyped 188 animals, which were sampled from 27 cattle populations in three diverse agro-ecological zones (western lowlands, highlands and eastern lowlands). The genome-wide analysis results from this study revealed genetic diversity, population structure and admixture among the ICPs. Averages of the minor allele frequency (AF), observed heterozygosity (HO), expected heterozygosity (HE), and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) were 0.157, 0.255, 0.218, and -0.089, respectively. Nei’s genetic distance (Ds) between populations ranged from 0.24 to 0.27. Mean population differentiation (FST) ranged from 0.01 to 0.30. Analysis of molecular variance revealed high genetic variation between the populations. Principal component analysis and the distance-based unweighted pair group method and arithmetic mean analyses revealed weak substructure among the populations, separating them into three genetic clusters. However, multi-locus clustering had the lowest cross-validation error when two genetically distinct groups were modelled. This information about genetic diversity and population structure of Eritrean ICPs provided a basis for establishing their conservation and genetic improvement programmes. Keywords: genetic variability, molecular characterization, population differentiation

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Dynamic genetic diversity and population structure of Coreius guichenoti

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.1055.70117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1055 ◽

pp. 135-148

Author(s):

Dongqi Liu ◽

Feng Lan ◽

Sicai Xie ◽

Yi Diao ◽

Yi Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Fish Passage ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Artificial Breeding ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Elevations

To investigate the genetic effects on the population of Coreius guichenoti of dam constructions in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure of 12 populations collected in 2009 and 2019 using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control regions. There was no significant difference in genetic diversity between 2009 and 2019 (P > 0.05), but the population structure tended to become stronger. Genetic differentiation (FST) among five populations (LX, BB, YB, SF and JA) collected in 2009 was not significant (P > 0.05). However, some populations collected in 2019 were significantly differentiated (P < 0.05), indicating that the population structure has undergone change. A correlation analysis showed that the genetic diversity of the seven populations collected in 2019 was significantly negatively correlated with geographical height (r = −0.808, P = 0.028), indicating that the populations at high elevations were more vulnerable than those at low elevations. In order to prevent the further decrease of genetic diversity and population resources, some conservation and restoration suggestions, such as fish passage and artificial breeding, are put forward.

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How diverse can rare species be on the margins of genera distribution?

AoB Plants ◽

10.1093/aobpla/plz037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Alice Backes ◽

Geraldo Mäder ◽

Caroline Turchetto ◽

Ana Lúcia Segatto ◽

Jeferson N Fregonezi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Habitat Loss ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Founder Effects ◽

Geographical Isolation ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Genetic Patterns

Abstract Different genetic patterns have been demonstrated for narrowly distributed taxa, many of them linking rarity to evolutionary history. Quite a few species in young genera are endemics and have several populations that present low variability, sometimes attributed to geographical isolation or dispersion processes. Assessing the genetic diversity and structure of such species may be important for protecting them and understanding their diversification history. In this study, we used microsatellite markers and plastid sequences to characterize the levels of genetic variation and population structure of two endemic and restricted species that grow in isolated areas on the margin of the distribution of their respective genera. Plastid and nuclear diversities were very low and weakly structured in their populations. Evolutionary scenarios for both species are compatible with open-field expansions during the Pleistocene interglacial periods and genetic variability supports founder effects to explain diversification. At present, both species are suffering from habitat loss and changes in the environment can lead these species towards extinction.

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Field Isolates of Ganoderma Boninense from Oil Palm Plantation in Solomon Islands

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019036056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Mudge ◽

Rama ◽

Pilotti ◽

Godwin

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Solomon Islands ◽

Economic Importance ◽

Ganoderma Boninense ◽

Perennial Crop ◽

Great Economic Importance

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a long-term perennial crop of great economic importance to [...]

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Spawning of migratory fish species between two reservoirs of the upper Uruguay River, Brazil

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252012000400016 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 829-835 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

David A. Reynalte-Tataje ◽

Alex P. O. Nuñer ◽

Michele C. Nunes ◽

Valquíria Garcia ◽

Carolina A. Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Variables ◽

Water Surface ◽

High Water ◽

Migratory Fish ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Prochilodus Lineatus ◽

Main River ◽

Fish Spawning ◽

Uruguay River ◽

Salminus Brasiliensis

This study investigated the migratory fish spawning within the reservoirs of the Machadinho and Itá dams (upper Uruguay River, Brazil) and its relationship to environmental variables. Sampling was conducted in the lotic region of the river in two sites between the dams' reservoirs: Uruguay (main river) and Ligeiro (tributary). Sampling included nine consecutive reproductive periods (RP) spanning the period from 2001 to 2010 and was conducted at night on the water surface using cylindrical-conical plankton nets (0.5 mm mesh); environmental variables were also recorded. The spawning of the migratory species Salminus brasiliensis, Prochilodus lineatus, and Steindachneridion scriptum was registered: S. brasiliensis and P. lineatus spawned in the tributary river at the end of spring/beginning of summer, during flooding and during periods of high water temperature. Steindachneridion scriptum spawned in the main river at the beginning of spring. The study showed that S. brasiliensis, P. lineatus, and S. scriptum are able to spawn in small lotic river stretches within two reservoirs, but only under very specific and not common environmental conditions.

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Genetic Diversity and Variability in Endangered Pantesco and Two Other Sicilian Donkey Breeds Assessed by Microsatellite Markers

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/648427 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Salvatore Bordonaro ◽

Anna Maria Guastella ◽

Andrea Criscione ◽

Antonio Zuccaro ◽

Donata Marletta

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Genetic Information ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Population Structure Analysis ◽

The Mean ◽

Differentiation Index

The genetic variability of Pantesco and other two Sicilian autochthonous donkey breeds (Ragusano and Grigio Siciliano) was assessed using a set of 14 microsatellites. The main goals were to describe the current differentiation among the breeds and to provide genetic information useful to safeguard the Pantesco breed as well as to manage Ragusano and Grigio Siciliano. In the whole sample, that included 108 donkeys representative of the three populations, a total of 85 alleles were detected. The mean number of alleles was lower in Pantesco (3.7), than in Grigio Siciliano and Ragusano (4.4 and 5.9, resp.). The three breeds showed a quite low level of gene diversity (He) ranging from 0.471 in Pantesco to 0.589 in Grigio. The overall genetic differentiation index (Fst) was quite high; more than 10% of the diversity was found among breeds. Reynolds’ () genetic distances, correspondence, and population structure analysis reproduced the same picture, revealing that, (a) Pantesco breed is the most differentiated in the context of the Sicilian indigenous breeds, (b) within Ragusano breed, two well-defined subgroups were observed. This information is worth of further investigation in order to provide suitable data for conservation strategies.

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