The Comparative Pathomorphological Evaluation of the Mice Recipient's Brain Cell-Tissue Responses to Intracerebral Implantation of Syngeneic and Allogeneic Neuronal cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Larysa D. Liubych ◽  
Vira M. Semenova ◽  
Mykola I. Lisianyi
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Tissue Responses

scholarly journals Surface Modification of Titanium and its Alloys for Biomedical Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 1115-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Luo ◽  
Zheng Yi Jiang ◽  
Dong Bin Wei ◽  
Xiao Feng He
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Medical Engineering ◽  
Biochemical Methods ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Great Performance ◽  
Tissue Responses ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

Titanium and its alloys have excellent properties and are promising biomaterial in medical engineering field. A bioactive surface on a Ti substrate is a prerequisite for great performance and long service life of implants. Based on the mechanism for inducing cell/tissue responses, three kinds of methods, namely morphological, physicochemical and biochemical methods, are reviewed in this paper. Hybrid methods that integrate individual methods or have additional functions are also discussed.

scholarly journals Delivery of a protein transduction domain-mediated Prdx6 protein ameliorates oxidative stress-induced injury in human and mouse neuronal cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (1) ◽  
pp. C1-C16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shatrunjai P. Singh ◽  
Bhavana Chhunchha ◽  
Nigar Fatma ◽  
Eri Kubo ◽  
Sanjay P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Tissue Degeneration ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Calcium Independent Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Systemic Application

Oxidative stress or reduced expression of naturally occurring antioxidants during aging has been identified as a major culprit in neuronal cell/tissue degeneration. Peroxiredoxin (Prdx) 6, a protective protein with GSH peroxidase and acidic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activities, acts as a rheostat in regulating cellular physiology by clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby optimizing gene regulation. We found that under stress, the neuronal cells displayed reduced expression of Prdx6 protein and mRNA with increased levels of ROS, and the cells subsequently underwent apoptosis. Using Prdx6 fused to TAT transduction domain, we showed evidence that Prdx6 was internalized in human brain cortical neuronal cells, HCN-2, and mouse hippocampal cells, HT22. The cells transduced with Prdx6 conferred resistance against the oxidative stress inducers paraquat, H2O2, and glutamate. Furthermore, Prdx6 delivery ameliorated damage to neuronal cells by optimizing ROS levels and overstimulation of NF-κB. Intriguingly, transduction of Prdx6 increased the expression of endogenous Prdx6, suggesting that protection against oxidative stress was mediated by both extrinsic and intrinsic Prdx6. The results demonstrate that Prdx6 expression is critical to protecting oxidative stress-evoked neuronal cell death. We propose that local or systemic application of Prdx6 can be an effective means of delaying/postponing neuronal degeneration.

Cytoprotective Effect of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction and α-Tocopherol Vitamin E Isoforms Against Glutamate-Induced Cell Death in Neuronal Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 0140-0151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilaga Rati Selvaraju ◽  
Huzwah Khaza’ai ◽  
Sharmili Vidyadaran ◽  
Mohd Sokhini Abd Mutalib ◽  
Vasudevan Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Tocotrienol Rich Fraction ◽  
Major Mediator

Glutamate is the major mediator of excitatory signals in the mammalian central nervous system. Extreme amounts of glutamate in the extracellular spaces can lead to numerous neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to clarify the potential of the following vitamin E isomers, tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol (α-TCP), as potent neuroprotective agents against glutamate-induced injury in neuronal SK-N-SH cells. Cells were treated before and after glutamate injury (pre- and post-treatment, respectively) with 100 - 300 ng/ml TRF/α-TCP. Exposure to 120 mM glutamate significantly reduced cell viability to 76 % and 79 % in the pre- and post-treatment studies, respectively; however, pre- and post-treatment with TRF/α-TCP attenuated the cytotoxic effect of glutamate. Compared to the positive control (glutamate-injured cells not treated with TRF/α-TCP), pre-treatment with 100, 200, and 300 ng/ml TRF significantly improved cell viability following glutamate injury to 95.2 %, 95.0 %, and 95.6 %, respectively (p < 0.05).The isomers not only conferred neuroprotection by enhancing mitochondrial activity and depleting free radical production, but also increased cell viability and recovery upon glutamate insult. Our results suggest that vitamin E has potent antioxidant potential for protecting against glutamate injury and recovering glutamate-injured neuronal cells. Our findings also indicate that both TRF and α-TCP could play key roles as anti-apoptotic agents with neuroprotective properties.

Flavonoids from Deguelia duckeana inhibit the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) in SK-N-SH neuronal cells

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
LMC Cursino ◽  
NM Lima ◽  
R Murillo ◽  
I Merfort ◽  
M Humar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Elongation Factor 2 ◽  
Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 ◽  
Eukaryotic Elongation Factor

The Factor VIII Bypassing Activity of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates: The Roles of Factor VIla and of Endothelial Cell Tissue Factor

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome M Teitel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Tissue Factor Expression ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrates ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Factor Expression ◽  
Necrosis Factor

SummaryAn experimental model incorporating cultured endothelial cells (EC) was used to study the "factor VIII bypassing" activity of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC), a property exploited in the treatment of hemophiliacs with alloantibodies to factor VIII. Two PCC preparations were ineffective as stimuli of tissue factor expression by EC. However, incubation with a combination of PCC plus endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced much greater tissue factor expression than was seen in response to either substance alone. PCC expressed an additional direct procoagulant activity at the EC surface, which could not be attributed to either thrombin or factor Xa, and which was diminished by an anti-tissue factor antibody. Therefore factor VIIa, which was detectable in both PCC preparations, likely provided this additional direct procoagulant activity at the EC surface. We also excluded the possibility that coagulation proteases contained in or generated in the presence of PCC are protected from inactivation by AT III. Therefore, PCC can indirectly bypass factor VIII by enhancing induced endothelial tissue factor expression, and also possess direct procoagulant activity, probably mediated by factor VIIa.

Leukocytes and Thrombosis

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-046 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L Henry
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
To Come

SummaryWhite blood cells can no longer be considered simple trapped inclusions within thrombi. Their numbers in thrombi relative to blood counts increase with time. They appear to come from the blood flowing past the thrombus. They appear to migrate by amoeboid movement into the thrombic mass. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils have been shown to be lytic to fibrin and other proteins and thus can contribute to thrombus dissolution. There is increasing evidence that neutrophils may impart important cytotrophic function to proliferating cells during thrombus organization. Eosinophils are known to carr profibrinolysin and will release this precursor at sites of fibrin deposition. Mononuclear leukocytes can transform into fibroblasts in tissue culture and I consider a thrombus an ideal tissue culture medium. All of these cells can contribute to thrombus dissolution simply by mechanical weakening of the mass by migration into it, releasing enzymes, and allowing blood flow to carry away pieces of the thrombus as emboli. I extend my perspective on thrombosis by considering these intravascular solids as cell tissue cultures rather than simple blood clots or platelet aggregates.

Estrogen receptor subtype-specific repression of calpain-activation in neuronal cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gamerdinger ◽  
D Manthey ◽  
C Behl
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Calpain Activation

The Pathophysiological Role of Chemokines in the Regulation of NK Cell Tissue Homing

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bernardini ◽  
Angela Santoni
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Pathophysiological Role
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