Industry in Idealized Form: The Work of Movies in Film's First One Hundred Years

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-889
Author(s):  
John E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Rescue Mission ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Modern Industry

Martin scorsese's big-budget, 3-d extravaganza hugo, which opens with images of Paris as a huge timekeeping mechanism, undertakes a dual rescue mission. It reclaims Georges Méliès's early cinematic fantasies from the violence of time and progress and saves a young, industrious boy from the violence of a society that has no room for children who fend for themselves outside a family. In doing so, Hugo assures the viewer that the technological wonder of future filmmaking is rooted in a romanticized image of a thoroughly bourgeois past. The movie's threats are embedded in a mise-en-scène full of iconic imagery of modern industry made fantastic. The giant clocks and gears located above and in the walls of Paris's largest train station, which are voluntarily tended by a lone child laborer, evoke neither wonder nor laughter as much as a sense of menace in connection with the young protagonist scurrying around in them. While Scorsese's film situates the origins of movies in fin-de-siècle Paris as the modern industrial city, it also takes pains to make Méliès's products seem like dreams, cultivated in a greenhouse of industrial activity to become larger-than-life projections obscuring modern industry. Tater I will consider the consequences of the film's arc taking this precocious lad from the world dominated by fanciful dangers into a home: for the moment it will suffice to remember that Hugo evokes work as the source from which humans and an automaton derive their purpose and that the film means this to be self-evident to the audience. At the same time it sets in motion a narrative that aims to remove the protagonist from the world dominated by signs of modern industrial work and from the labor that seems such a distressing burden on him at the film's outset. This essay explores that apparent contradiction in the broader history of cinema.

From Theodicy to Discipleship: Dostoyevsky's Contribution to the Pastoral task in The Brothers Karamazou

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Scott W. Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Loved One ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Moment

From the moment Jesus was hung on the cross, Christians have been compelled to address the fact of evil within God's creation. For the most part we have made the mistake of addressing this reality by logical means. It is not that there are no logical solutions to the apparent contradiction between the fact of evil and an omnipotent and benevolent God. The difficulty is far more fundamental. Logical solutions or answers do not address the fact of sin, evil and suffering in the world. At best, they are innocuous. At worst, they are destructive. For example, a pastor presiding at a funeral may well have an answer or two to the inevitable question raised by the grieving, 'Why did Jack have to die so young?' She might say that the wages of sin are death, and she might even speculate thatjack died young because he was such an accomplished sinner. Moreover, it is at least conceivable that our pastor could be correct in herjudgment!!! Nevertheless, those gathered would be right to be angry if the pastor said such a thing because her answer did not address the issue. Indeed, no answer can. The people gathered do not need answers. They already have biological, psychological and even theological answers. The people longfor presence instead. To be sure, they long for the presence of their departed loved one, but they require the presence of friends, relatives and God. The theodicy issue is addressed by such presence. The theodicy issue does not simply pose a question to be answered. It creates a context in which ministry may happen.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS IN PREVENTION OF THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19): LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
T.M. Butaev ◽  
◽  
A.S. Tsirikhova ◽  
D.V. Kabaloeva ◽  
D.O. Kudukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Moment

At the end of 2019 the mankind had to face a new coronavirus infection with higher virulence which resulted in its rapid spread all over the world and in an ultimate pandemic. Initially a new virus which causes COVID-19 was called 2019-nCoV but it soon acquired its well-known name, SARS-CoV-2. We can positively state that this new coronavirus infec- tion will remain in the history of world public healthcare as a disease that caused a collapse in rendering medical aid. Un- doubtedly, this new coronavirus infection has changed customary lifestyle of the overall world population.This review can be considered problematic in its essence and focuses on examining contemporary trends in the official epidemiologic situation in the world regarding the new coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2). Having analyzed several for- eign and domestic documents, the authors revealed a necessity to enhance levels and quality of COVID-19 epidemiologic diagnostics. There is a suggestion being considered at the moment on including additional clinical and diagnostic activities aimed at preventing further spread of the new coronavirus infection. We should note that data on COVID-19-related mortal- ity and morbidity are renewed every day and every hour. Given that, it seems rather difficult to keep in line with the latest trends in COVID-19 prevention and epidemiologic diagnostics. However, the authors made an attempt to possibly collect all the latest data on epidemiological peculiarities related to clinical course of the new coronavirus infection. The authors have a hope that this review will be useful for epidemiologists when they detect new cases of the diseases as well as for lecturers at medical higher educational establishments when they train students and resident physicians.

Asia in the Global 1919: Reimagining Territory, Identity, and Solidarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
Erez Manela
Keyword(s):  
Concerted Action ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
World Region ◽  
International History ◽  
Spatial Frame ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Other World ◽  
The Moment

Perhaps the first thing to note about a forum on the subject of 1919 in Asia is how awkwardly the spatial frame of “Asia” maps onto the international history of that moment. To be sure, the postwar international conjuncture, which I have elsewhere called the “Wilsonian Moment,” had a revolutionary impact across Asia, perhaps more so than in any other world region outside of Europe. As the three preceding essays in this forum note, that year was a waypoint, and sometimes a launching pad, for a rush of novel or renewed revolutionary discourses, connections, and mobilizations in China, India, and Korea, as it was in other parts of Asia and of the world. These were all propelled by the accumulated material and ideological transformations of the years of war, transformation that imbued the moment with revolutionary potential and gave contemporaries a sense that the international order, its power structures and its norms of legitimacy, were uniquely malleable, amenable to concerted action. Indeed, 1919 was a moment in which the very idea of “Asia”—its spaces, the identities they attached to, and the solidarities that ran across and beyond it—was reimagined in ways that at once stitched it together and rent it apart.

scholarly journals Faust/ina. In Radiance by Artur Pałyga

2019 ◽  
Vol ENGLISH EDITION (1) ◽  
pp. 257-283
Author(s):  
Jacek Kopciński
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
World View ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Immortal Soul ◽  
The World ◽  
Intellectual Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

In his essay, author deals with the interpretation of a very original, new monodrama by Artur Pałyga, entitled In Radiance (2016), whose heroine is Maria Skłodowska-Curie. The author is interested in a poetic and performative dimension of Maria’s dozen monologues, which the author described as completely unknown letters’ of the scientist. These monologues reveal the process of Maria’s spiritual development from the moment Faust/ina of attaining maturity, until her death due to excessive irradiation. Author focuses on the aspects of Maria’s consciousness that Pałyga has brought forth from the myth of Faust, which comprises the foundation of the scientific world-view. In this monodrama, Skłodowska-Curie is the Polish Faust who is ready to break the moral rules and pay the price of her and others’ life for sheer possibility of revealing the mystery of the universe. Kopciński confronts this original literary image of a scientist with the history of her life and highlights the moments in her biography that can be read as the execution of the ‘Faustian arrangement’. At the end of his work, he compares the character of Skłodowska-Curie, who calls herself Faustina, with the figure of another extraordinary woman who has also adopted this name − Maria Faustina Kowalska. The comparison of the scientist and the mystic woman allows us to see many similarities in the characters of both, their way of life and their relationships with other people, but it also describes fundamental differences in the world-views they represent. Finally, two Faustinas are two different symbols. The figure of the scientist symbolises desire for the intellectual control of the world, which constantly changes like elements discovered by Maria Skłodowska. On the other hand, the figure of the mysticist symbolises desire for an inner union with loving God, which involves the sacrifice of one’s ‘self’ to gain the eternal life of the immortal soul.

Metaphysics of movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 598-608
Author(s):  
Gr.G. Khubulava
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Mind

Relevance. Movement surrounds and accompanies us everywhere: planets move, time, river waters, the life of cities is accompanied by traffic along highways. Our own life is also inseparable from the phenomenon of movement, both at the micro and macro levels: whether it be the movement and division of atoms of matter and cells of the body, the movement and interaction of our bodies in space, or the movement of a person towards a specific goal, conditioned by intention and expressed in actions, which in themselves are also a movement of the will. Purpose: to describe and evaluate the nature of the phenomenon of movement both in the history of philosophy (from Zeno to Descartes and Bergson) and in the history of medicine (from Aristotle and Celsus to modern mechanisms that give a person a chance to return the possibility of movement as an aspect of full life). Methods: the research method is not only the analysis of the development of the phenomenon of movement in the history of philosophy and science, but also the analysis of the influence of modern technologies on the very understanding of the nature of movement not as a physiological, but as an ontological phenomenon. Results. The ancient idea of movement as a deception of the senses, describing the closed on itself the existence of an objectively motionless space or being the source and cause of eternally arising and disintegrating existence, was an attempt by thinkers to “catch the mind on being”, not just creating a picture of a single cosmos, but also comprehending him as part of the human world. The bodily movement and structure of a person was understood as part of the visible and speculative structure of being. The thought of the Middle Ages, which understood movement as the path of the world and man to God, perceived the phenomenon of movement as an expression of free will and, at the same time, the desire of the world to its completion, which is at the same time the moment of its transformation. The Renaissance epoch, which proclaimed man as an end in itself for existence, closely links the physical movement of man with the movement of the cosmos, and considers the visible nature to be the source of knowledge of the Divine Will. The New Time, which theoretically separated the mechanics of the bodily and the impulses of the soul and mind and declared man a “biological machine”, in fact does not break the relationship between the movement of the soul and the body, but, demonstrating the difference in the nature of these movements, anticipated the discovery of psychosomatics. Finally, modern times not only created a classification of “body techniques” inherent in various stages of human life and groups of people, describing the socio-cultural aspect of corporeality, but also perceived movement as an act of our existence and involvement in the existence of the world. Conclusion. Movement cannot be understood as a purely physiological act. In the process of growth, becoming, having barely learned to walk, we are faced with the need to perform actions, to “behave”, to be like a personal I and as a part of the moving world that collided with us. A world in which every step is an event and deed capable of defining “the landscape of our personal and universal being”.

Word Lists: A Very Short History

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Van De Mieroop
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Short History ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

This chapter focuses on the first works of Babylonian scholarship and thus the earliest in world history: word lists. The extraordinary character of these works seems to be ignored not only by scholars surveying the world history of lexicography, but also by those specialists of Babylonian scholarship who have devoted much effort to the study of lexical lists. No other ancient culture developed lexicography at the moment its people started to write, and throughout antiquity lexicographic activity out side Babylonia always remained minimal. This chapter examines the lexical material in Near Eastern history, taking into account the intricacies of the genre’s developments. To illustrate the longevity and popularity of lexical lists, as well as how much their contents could change, the chapter describes what is known about the thematic series that treated topics relating to human beings, including professional designations, kinship terms, and social classes.

Metaphysics of movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 681-694
Author(s):  
Gr.G. Khubulava
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Mind

Relevance. Movement surrounds and accompanies us everywhere: planets move, time, river waters, the life of cities is accompanied by traffic along highways. Our own life is also inseparable from the phenomenon of movement, both at the micro and macro levels: whether it be the movement and division of atoms of matter and cells of the body, the movement and interaction of our bodies in space, or the movement of a person towards a specific goal, conditioned by intention and expressed in actions, which in themselves are also a movement of the will. Purpose: to describe and evaluate the nature of the phenomenon of movement both in the history of philosophy (from Zeno to Descartes and Bergson) and in the history of medicine (from Aristotle and Celsus to modern mechanisms that give a person a chance to return the possibility of movement as an aspect of full life). Methods: the research method is not only the analysis of the development of the phenomenon of movement in the history of philosophy and science, but also the analysis of the influence of modern technologies on the very understanding of the nature of movement not as a physiological, but as an ontological phenomenon. Results. The ancient idea of movement as a deception of the senses, describing the closed on itself the existence of an objectively motionless space or being the source and cause of eternally arising and disintegrating existence, was an attempt by thinkers to “catch the mind on being”, not just creating a picture of a single cosmos, but also comprehending him as part of the human world. The bodily movement and structure of a person was understood as part of the visible and speculative structure of being. The thought of the Middle Ages, which understood movement as the path of the world and man to God, perceived the phenomenon of movement as an expression of free will and, at the same time, the desire of the world to its completion, which is at the same time the moment of its transformation. The Renaissance epoch, which proclaimed man as an end in itself for existence, closely links the physical movement of man with the movement of the cosmos, and considers the visible nature to be the source of knowledge of the Divine Will. The New Time, which theoretically separated the mechanics of the bodily and the impulses of the soul and mind and declared man a “biological machine”, in fact does not break the relationship between the movement of the soul and the body, but, demonstrating the difference in the nature of these movements, anticipated the discovery of psychosomatics. Finally, modern times not only created a classification of “body techniques” inherent in various stages of human life and groups of people, describing the socio-cultural aspect of corporeality, but also perceived movement as an act of our existence and involvement in the existence of the world. Conclusion. Movement cannot be understood as a purely physiological act. In the process of growth, becoming, having barely learned to walk, we are faced with the need to perform actions, to “behave”, to be like a personal I and as a part of the moving world that collided with us. A world in which every step is an event and deed capable of defining “the landscape of our personal and universal being”.

scholarly journals As máquinas do Brasil / The Machines of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Pedro Rena Todeschi ◽  
Sérgio Alcides Pereira do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Google Maps ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Carlos Drummond De Andrade ◽  
Luis De Camoes ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Moment

Resumo: Este ensaio se propõe a esboçar uma montagem de obras de arte que se relacionam com as máquinas do Brasil: a máquina do Mundo colonial (Vera Cruz, de Rosângela Rennó e Os Lusíadas, Luís de Camões); a máquina do mundo mineradora (A máquina do mundo, Carlos Drummond de Andrade); a máquina de controle do Google Maps (Nunca é noite no mapa, de Ernesto Carvalho); a Grande Máquina do capitalismo contemporâneo (Brasil S/A, de Marcelo Pedroso e Arábia, de Affonso Uchoa e João Dumans); a máquina do golpe midiático (Lígia, de Nuno Ramos) e judiciário (O processo, de Maria Augusta Ramos); e a re-existência na máquina (Action Lekking, de Negro Leo). Nosso objetivo não é o de fazer uma análise em profundidade das obras, mas de traçar um panorama de como a arte revela, interpreta e resiste às diversas máquinas do Brasil. Uma questão central que guiou nosso texto é o modo como a arte se relaciona e intervém esteticamente, no calor do momento, com a política e a história de nosso país. Quando não tratamos de obras contemporâneas, tentamos extrair de obras do passado, como as de Camões, Drummond e Leon Hirszman, reflexões que nos fornecem elementos para a interpretação de nosso presente.Palavras-chave: a máquina do mundo; literatura brasileira; cinema brasileiro contemporâneo.Abstract: This essay proposes to outline an assemblage of works of art that are related to the machines of Brazil: the colonialist world machine (Vera Cruz, Rosângela Rennó and Os Lusíadas, Luís de Camões); the mining world machine (A máquina do mundo, Carlos Drummond de Andrade); the control machine of Google Maps (Nunca é noite no mapa, Ernesto Carvalho); the Great Machine of the contemporary capitalism (Break S/A, Marcelo Pedroso and Arabia, Affonso Uchoa and João Dumans); the coup machine of the media (Lígia, Nuno Ramos) and the judiciary (O processo, Maria Augusta Ramos); and the re-existance in the machine (Action Lekking, Negro Leo). Our goal is not to analyse in thoroughness the works, but to draw a panorama of how art brings about, interprets and resists to the different machines of Brazil. One of the pivotal matters that has guided our text is the way art relates to itself and interferes aesthetically in the heat of the moment to the politics and history of our country. When we do not talk about contemporary works, we try to extract from works of the past such as Camões, Drummond and Leon Hirszman reflections that provide us elements to the interpretation of our present.Keywords: the world machine; Brazilian literature; contemporary Brazilian cinema.

scholarly journals Yu. A. Sidorov and Mystical Anarchism (on the basis of lifetime publications)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 252-267
Author(s):  
Vjacheslav V. Savelov
Keyword(s):  
The World ◽  
Andrey Bely ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Zinaida Gippius

Based on two only lifetime publications, the paper examines the history of Yu. A. Sidorov`s (1887–1909) perception and discussion of ideas of the “mystical anarchism”. In the almanac Chrysopras (1906) Sidorov published two poems that were obviously influenced by the slogans of this movement. I study parallels between these debut poems and the texts of authors related to the movement, in particular, between the poem Dreamer, you sent a revelation to the world… and Georgy Chulkov's article On the confirmation of personality (1906). The study proves that a number of young writers (not only Yu. Sidorov, but also V. Grigoriev, E. Kazakov) were striving to declare their solidarity with slogans of the moment on the pages of the almanac Chrysopras, ideologically close to the Moscow Vesy. In the second lifetime publication, his review (Russkaya Mysl, 1, 1909) on the book of essays by Chulkov The Cover of Isis (1908), Sidorov showed new sharply critical and subverting attitude to the movement. I try to find the reason for Sidorov's new skeptical position to these principles and slogans. The paper showed it to be the poet’s disappointment with the results of the 1905–1907 revolution and his turn towards monarchist sentiments, with subsequent support of the ideology within symbolism that was promoted by the Moscow magazine Vesy. The author pays particular attention to the parallels between Sidorov's polemic attacks against Chulkov and similar invectives against him by the Vesy magazine collaborators (Zinaida Gippius, Andrey Bely, Boris Sadovskoy, etc.)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document