Salmonella Typhimurium Phage Type DT160 Infection in Two Moluccan Cockatoos (Cacatua moluccensis): Clinical Presentation and Pathology

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Piccirillo ◽  
Sandro Mazzariol ◽  
Diego Caliari ◽  
Maria Luisa Menandro
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Phage Type

Salmonella Typhimurium Phage Type DT160 Infection in Two Moluccan Cockatoos (Cacatua moluccensis): Clinical Presentation and Pathology

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e38-e40
Author(s):  
Alessandra Piccirillo ◽  
Sandro Mazzariol ◽  
Diego Caliari ◽  
Maria Luisa Menandro
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Phage Type

scholarly journals Large ongoing outbreak of infection with Salmonella Typhimurium U292 in Denmark, February-July 2008

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ethelberg ◽  
A Wingstrand ◽  
T Jensen ◽  
G Sørensen ◽  
L Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Gastrointestinal Illness ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
Mlva Typing

Denmark is currently experiencing an unusually large outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by Salmonella Typhimurium, phage type U292. The outbreak was discovered in early April by molecular typing (MLVA typing) of S. Typhimurium isolates at the Statens Serum Institut (SSI); the first patients reported onset on illness in February, but the number of reported cases has been particularly high in May and June (Figure 1). There are currently (as of 7 July) 366 confirmed cases, effectively making this the largest outbreak of salmonella infections in Denmark since 1993 [1].

Colonization of Broiler Chicks by Salmonella Typhimurium Definitive Phage Type 104

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1698-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULA J. FEDORKA-CRAY ◽  
SCOTT R. LADELY ◽  
J. STAN BAILEY ◽  
NORMAN J. STERN
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Salmonella Senftenberg ◽  
Over Time

The prevalence of an antibiotic-resistant strain of Salmonella Typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (DT104) has increased dramatically in recent years resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in both animals and humans. Colonization and shedding of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 was studied in broiler chickens in two trials. In trial 1, 180 day-of-hatch chicks (n = 60 per group, n = 30 per replicate) were challenged with 106 CFU DT104 (wild-type isolate from poultry) or were commingled with a seeder chick challenged with 106 CFU DT104. In trial 2, 360 day-of-hatch chicks (n = 120 per treatment, n = 30 per rep) were divided into three groups. Chicks in the susceptible group were commingled with two seeder chicks that were orally challenged with 107 CFU/bird of a pan-sensitive strain of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Chicks in the resistant group were commingled with two seeder chicks that were orally challenged with 107 CFU/bird DT104 used in trial 1. For both trials, a control group was not exposed to DT104, composite fecal samples were evaluated twice weekly for levels of Salmonella shedding and 20 chicks per group were necropsied weekly and their cecal contents were cultured. At hatch all groups were colonized with naturally occurring Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Mbandaka (trial 1) or Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Ohio (trial 2) prior to exposure to DT104. Throughout the study, the level of Salmonella spp. shedding in feces (trial 1 means 3.1, 2.9, and 3.0 log10 CFU per g feces for challenged, seeder, and control groups, respectively) or ceca (trial 2 means 2.9, 2.9, and 2.5 log10 CFU per g ceca for resistant, susceptible, and control groups, respectively)did not differ among groups. In trial 1, colonization of DT104 remained constant at higher levels in the challenged group (mean 87%, P < 0.01), increased over time in the seeder group (10 to 50%, P < 0.02) and was not recovered from the control chicks. Salmonella Mbandaka colonization remained steady within each group with challenge and seeder groups maintaining higher levels of colonization than the control group. Salmonella Senftenberg colonization levels tended to decline (P = .058) over time in the challenged group (20 to 0%) and significantly decreased (P < 0.01) over time for both the seeder (80 to 0%) and control chicks (85 to 10%). In trial 2, the percentage of chicks colonized with susceptible DT104 declined (r = 0.90, P < 0.05) over the course of the trial from 45 to 0%, while recovery of the resistant DT104 persisted at a mean percentage of 27%. DT104 was not recovered from the control chicks. Salmonella Ohio colonization levels tended to decline (r = 0.79, P > 0.05) over time in the control group (75 to 20%) and significantly decreased (P < 0.05) over time in both susceptible and resistant groups (40 to 10%, r = 0.82 and 55 to 5%, r = 0.85, respectively). Salmonella Senftenberg was recovered from the control group at low frequency throughout the trial and was not recovered from the other groups. For either trial, no apparent affect on morbidity or mortality was observed. Introduction of DT104 by commingling may induce colonization resulting in persistent high levels of shedding in flocks simultaneously with other Salmonella species.

Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) and genetic characteristics of animal and food isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 in Hungary

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Fekete ◽  
Béla Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
First Time

To study the genetic characteristics of DT104 strains of Salmonella Typhimurium and the prevalence of Salmonella Genomic Island (SGI1) in Hungary, 140 recent Salmonella strains of food and animal origin were examined. For the first time in Hungary, the SGI1 was found in 17 out of 59 S . Typhimurium isolates (all proven to be DT104 phage type). These 17 strains were then subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) into 6 pulsotypes which were less correlated with the geographic origin than with the animal species of origin.

scholarly journals Complete Proteome of a Quinolone-Resistant Salmonella Typhimurium Phage Type DT104B Clinical Strain

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 14191-14219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Correia ◽  
Júlio Nunes-Miranda ◽  
Luís Pinto ◽  
Hugo Santos ◽  
María de Toro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Clinical Strain

scholarly journals The excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in the faeces of calves fed milk substitute

1983 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hinton ◽  
E. A. Ali ◽  
Vivien Allen ◽  
A. H. Linton
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Endemic Strain

SUMMARYA total of 495 calves in 16 batches were examined (117 calves in 4 batches in 1979 and 378 in 12 batches in 1982). They were purchased in markets, transported by road to a farm in Somerset and reared ona milk substitute diet for a period of up to five weeks. Salmonella typhimurium phage type DT 193 was endemic in 1979 and phage type DT 204c in 1982. The mortality rates in the two years were 9·4% and 1·9% respectively. The causes of death were not investigated although the majority were probably due to salmonellosis.The rate of isolation of S. typhimurium from the rectal faeces of calves in all groups was either zero or relatively low on arrival. It rose to a peak (which was higher in 1979) in the second or third weeks before declining to low levels by the end of the fourth week of residence on the farm.Data from 162 calves, examined twice weekly for four weeks in 1982, indicated that the distributionof infected calves, based on the number of times that S. typhimurium was isolated from each, was not random. The calves could be assigned to two main categories; those from which the organism was never isolated and those from which it was isolated at least twice. This suggested that salmonella infected calves actively excreted the organism.The association between salmonella excretion and medication of sick animals with antibacterial drugs was strongest during the second week. Over the four-week period nearly 40% of the calves found to be excreting S. typhimurium were not treated, indicating a high incidence of subclinical infection.Salmonella excretion by the calves followed a regular pattern and infection was self-limiting within five weeks. The peak in the salmonella excretion rate and the mortality rate were higher in 1979 when phage type DT 193 was the endemic strain. However, in 1982 the calves received 100 p.p.m. furazolidone in their milk ration during the first week of their stay on the farm, and this may have contributed to the differences noted between the two years.

scholarly journals Plasmid studies ofSalmonella typhimuriumphage type 179 resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulphonamides and trimethoprim

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
National Health ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
K 12

SUMMARYSixteen strains ofSalmonella typhimuriumphage type 179 were referred to the National Health Institute, Wellington, New Zealand, from 1977 to 1979. This phage type had not been observed here before 1977. All strains were resistant to ampicillin, several were also resistant to tetracycline, and several were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulphafurazele and trimethoprim. All resistances could be transferred toEscherichia coliK 12. Plasmids from these strains and their transconjugants were characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis. It appears that resistance to sulphafurazole and trimethoprim is carried on a plasmid with a molecular weight of 5·2 Mdal and that resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline is carried on a plasmid with a molecular weight of approximately 60 Mdal.

scholarly journals Salmonellae in sewage sludge and abattoir effluent in South-east Scotland

1985 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Linklater ◽  
Margaret M. Graham ◽  
J. C. M. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Recommended Guidelines

SUMMARYA survey into the prevalence of salmonella organisms in sewage in the Borders Region of South-east Scotland is described. A total of 317 isolates representing 34 different serotypes were made, of which only 5 serotypes appeared in animals, supporting the view that the spreading of sewage sludge on to pastureland presents little risk to livestock provided the recommended guidelines are followed. Nevertheless, Salmonella typhimurium phage type 12, identified in sewage, was also recovered from animals in incidents on 11 farms, including 4 which had received sludge from this source. A further 48 isolates (13 serotypes) were obtained from the parallel monitoring of abattoir effluents, indicating that the background level of salmonella infection in the animal population appears to be low in comparison to that in humans.

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