scholarly journals Harmonisation of Space in an Industrial City: Social Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-551
Author(s):  
Olga V. Artemova ◽  
Natalia M. Logacheva ◽  
Anastasia N. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Industrial Cities

Urban studies examine the development of industrial cities regarding the well-being of citizens, their needs and quality of life. Due to a new understanding of industrial cities as towns for people, the role and place of man in the urban space should be reconsidered. We developed a model for structuring the industrial city space based on a retrospective analysis of urban development. Further, we revealed the characteristics of shrinking cities and determined how the harmonisation of the urban environment influences the society. The interaction between physical and social spaces was analysed from the perspective of object- subject relations, enriching the understanding of the categories of place and entity (residential area, public space, etc.), as well as allowing citizens to deliberately transform their environment. Using content analysis, we confirmed that the harmonisation of the urban environment (physical space) stabilises social relations, since the population, government and business should reach a consensus to achieve the city’s goal and satisfy their own needs and interests. The results of the urban space analysis reveal the disparities between historical and modern buildings, natural and urbanised areas, industrial and residential city areas, etc., that should be eliminated. The directions of harmonisation of the urban space (revitalisation of industrial facilities and marginal areas, housing renovation) are proposed. We tested different approaches on the example of cities in the Chelyabinsk region by analysing their development stages, signs of decline, and urban characteristics. We are continuing to study the development of industrial cities. Public authorities and local governments can use the obtained results to elaborate urban development strategies, as well as implement the national projects «Housing and Urban Environment» and «Demography» at the regional and municipal levels.

scholarly journals Quality of life in Russian megacities: searching for urban development opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Olga Artemova ◽  
◽  
Anastasia Savchenko ◽  
Artem Uzhegov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
Agglomeration Effects ◽  
Expert Assessments

Introduction. Cities play a key role in the development of countries and regions. The authors of the article emphasize the importance of the largest cities’ development, which is based on an industrial model that has not exhausted its potential. The authors show possibilities of urban development on the basis of the industrial sector effective functioning in order to improve the citizens’ welfare, meet their needs and improve the life quality. In this regard, the authors formulate a hypothesis that the largest Russian cities developing according to the industrial model have and are able to realize their potential in order to improve the life quality, preserve and increase the population on their territory. The authors set a goal: to identify the possibilities for developing industrial-type megalopolises to improve the population’s life quality of the (PLQ). Methods. The authors use the following information base: strategic documents of different levels, statistical data, scientific literature, analytical documents, and expert assessments of the megalopolises’ development. The authors also use an industrial model for developing the largest cities; they determine conditions under which the potential of megacities can be realized to improve the citizens’ life quality and carry out an analysis of the demographic and social situation in the largest Russian industrial cities. The authors evaluate some approaches and theses of the study as exemplified by the following cities with a million-plus population: Yekaterinburg, Krasnoyarsk, Chelyabinsk, and Omsk and they group the cities according to the signs of growth and decline, which is illustrated by favorable or unfavorable demographic trends. To confirm the identified trends and problems of the largest cities, the authors provide the results of expert assessments on the population’s life quality and the state of the urban environment and emphasize the need for a systemic integrated development of the largest cities of industrial type to improve the life quality of the population of megalopolises. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the prospects for the socio-economic development of the largest industrial cities of Russia on the basis of an industrial model that provides for the technological transformation of the economy, the use of agglomeration effects, the formation of a friendly urban environment for residents and the achievement of socialization of urban space. Results and conclusions. As a result of the analysis and typology of the largest cities by functional specialization, two groups of cities were identified: one group with signs of demographic growth, the second with signs of decline. The cities of the first group have a greater economic potential, opportunities for agglomeration, provide more comfortable living and consolidation of the population on their territory. On the contrary, cities with signs of decreasing have fewer opportunities (resources), are less diversified, the urban environment in them is less comfortable, which is reflected in the citizens’ life quality and is accompanied by the population’s outflow. At the same time, it was revealed that all analyzed cities actively use digital technologies, realizing, in particular, the concept of a «smart city». At the same time, cities with signs of decreasing show high IQ indicators of cities. Taking into account the identified problems, the authors propose promising directions for the development of industrial megalopolises with signs of decline.

DEFINING TYPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF MIXED-USE TALL BUILDINGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Elena M. GENERALOVA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The article deals with an actual problem of fi nding techniques and methods to create a comfortable urban environment. The author emphasizes that in the existing conditions of intensive urban development greater att ention should be given to spatial concentration based on and more compact distribution of population in urban space. It is stressed that including mixed-use facilities into urban realm results in a signifi cant improvement of living environment qualitative characteristics. The author explores the world’s experience of designing tall mixed-use buildings and reveals modern trends in their construction.

scholarly journals The Contested Gallery: street art, ethnography and the search for urban understandings

AmeriQuests ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
The Road ◽  
The City

This is a paper on street art and its role as a form of artistic insurrection that challenges popular understandings of public space and urban visual culture. I would like to think of it as a field guide to urban seeing, a means of revising the way in which we view the cityscape and its imagery. It is a way of imagining the city as a canvas onto which ideas may be inscribed and reinterpreted, where resistance percolates up to those who look for it. It is here, in what Kathleen Stewart has called a “place by the side of the road” that the work of the street artist exists, slowly gurgling up through the cracks in the sidewalk and briefly illuminated by the yellow-white glow of the street lights. Street art most often takes the form of adhesive stickers, spray-painted stencils, and wheat-pasted posters, and while it shares many similar aesthetic and cultural characteristics with graffiti, street art embodies a unique ideology. Graffiti represents a territorialization of space (‘tagging’, or reclaiming urban spaces through the use of pseudonyms as territorial markings); street art represents a reterritorialization of space. Rather than taking space, street art attempts to re-purpose the existing urban environment. This paper seeks to reflect the changing dynamic of urban space through an analysis of the practice of street art. By examining the roles that street artists play in disrupting the flow of visual noise in the city, I will illuminate the cultural value and significance of this form of urban artistic resistance.

scholarly journals Transgressive actions and the production of public space : policy, people and urban space in Winnipeg's downtown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etoile Catherine Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Revitalization ◽  
Space Policy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
Private Spaces

Public space is planned space. The discourse that takes place among federal, municipal and local governments, as well as the interaction that takes place on the street between people, informs the agenda and values inherent in policy and social norms. Urban revitalization strategies and city bylaws produce public and private spaces, thereby informing the cityscape within which everyone interacts. This study examines the contribution, circulation and regulation of transgressive actions in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, in order to consider what these actions reveal about power relations in the urban environment and the production of public space. This research uses both a policy case study and urban theory to investigate the means by which public and private spaces are produced and imbued with the ideologies that shape and maintain these spaces in Winnipeg's downtown area.

The Law of the Urban Common(s)

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-893
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Marella
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Cooperation ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
The Public ◽  
Realist Approach ◽  
Bundle Of Rights

Cities are quintessentially human and collective products. All urban space is the product of social cooperation. Therefore not just the “public” space but the metropolis as a whole must be considered as a commons. This assumption is not neutral from a legal point of view. It raises the question of whether private property of urban land is compatible with the conception of urban space as commons. The answer depends on how much we can push on the disintegration of property to expand the perspective of collective entitlements on urban resources against the commodification and new enclosures of urban space. Drawing on a legal realist approach to property, it is possible to dissolve the unitary conception of ownership into a bundle of rights. This article is a first attempt to enfranchise urban property as a legal form from its fate of being a mere boundary between the haves and the have-nots and revisit its role in the construction of social relations of production within the metropolis.

A New French-Based Register in Japan? An Analysis of Commercial Naming in Public Space in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Kida ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
French Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Primary Form

This paper focuses on the influence of French language on the naming of shops and commercial products that are found in public spaces in Japan. The contemporary urban environment promotes linguistic signs, which themselves designate the names of shops or products on storefronts and packages and constitute the ‘text’ of an urban space. As Barthes (1970) observed, Japanese modern life is a remarkable source generating a multiplicity of signs. However, in the current globalization, such a process gives rise to a massive presence of foreign languages in public space, such as French in Japan. Data collected through fieldwork is analysed to show features specific to Japanese society and/or language (e.g. word coinages, affection of Japanese words, a primary form of creolization). Although these linguistic signs contain regularities and variations as a device of ‘hypocorrection,’ the paper argues that French is becoming a specific register in Japan, and that people have begun to assimilate its formal part, in enriching their lexicon with a certain epilinguistic dimension. The motivation and identity of stakeholders behind such a process will be also discussed.

scholarly journals The cybercity as a medium Public living and agency in the digitally shaped urban space

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Seija Ridell
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Automatic Production ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The City

The digitalized urban environment is explored in the paper as a medium with several overlapping and interweaving spatial layers. The author suggests that it has grown increasingly complex in the multi-spaced and multiply scaled cybercities for people to share in public space. Moreover, the challenges of public living in contemporary urban settings emerge most intensely at the points of intersection of the invisible technostructure and the (mass) media saturated phenomenality of the city. At these intersections, one ethically and politically burning issue is how people through their ICT-related activities contribute to the ?automatic production of space‘. More specifically, critical attention should be paid to people‘s active, but not necessarily selfreflexive, participation in the consolidation of the ?technological unconscious‘ that conditions their own public agency.

scholarly journals Developing Resilience, Independence and Well-being in Older Adults through Interactive Outdoor Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kershaw ◽  
J Lim ◽  
Jacqueline McIntosh ◽  
J Cornwall ◽  
Bruno Marques
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Exercise Equipment

© Copyright 2017 NCEUB. The morbidity rates in populations of older persons are rising in parallel with increases in life expectancy. Increases in the numbers of older persons, many of whom will be physically dependent, will challenge communities both economically and socially. To compensate for this health loss and the subsequent demands placed on the health care system, there is a growing demand for effective preventative public exercise interventions to enable the ageing population to maintain independence and enjoy a healthier lifestyle. The provision of age-appropriate playground and exercise equipment for older persons has been gaining international popularity and is expected to become increasingly popular among local governments as a direct result of rhetoric relating to the development of age-friendly cities. Using a multidisciplinary lens, this project maps desired rehabilitation outcomes with exercise equipment design and landscape architecture. It seeks to identify both physical and motivational strategies that are most successful in maintaining good health and well-being in old age. Findings suggest that there is demand for open public space interventions that can safely train balance, muscular strength, and cardiovascular fitness. However, there is a lack of health research examining the usefulness and the sustainability of currently available equipment. There is also a necessity to address participation barriers and manage potential adherence issues that prohibit older persons from engaging in beneficial physical activity.

scholarly journals REVITALIZATION AS A COMPONENT OF URBAN STRATEGY

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Territorial Development

Revitalization is a key challenge of modern city that requires an integrated approach. This is not only the preservation of monuments, the reconstruction of old houses or fragments of urban space, but a process, that is characterized by comprehensiveness and long duration, the main purpose of which is primarily economic recovery combined with measures to address social and environmental problems. The task of this process is to guarantee the development of cities. Revitalization means the release of degraded (or depressed) areas from the crisis through projects that integrate actions for the well-being of the local community, space and local economy, territorially concentrated and carried out in cooperation with the local community.The elaboration of the legislation in the field of regional policy allowed to state that at present there are no strategic documents that would cover the development of cities and include the revitalization program as a component that should become the main axis of the whole strategy. The glossary proposed in the study defines the main terms of revitalization and outlines the difference between the revitalization program and the regional development program and can be used in the territorial development strategies. The success of the revitalization program requires high-quality legal tools, consolidation at the legislative level, which will clearly define the conditions for the creation of such programs, as well as guarantee funding for the revitalization program in accordance with the development strategies of the city or region. The revitalization program as a key component of the territorial development strategy should contain a specific goal, outline the scale of its implementation, give a detailed description of the tools and financial support, as well as have broad public discussions and the involvement of all stakeholders in the implementation of the program. To increase the effectiveness of revitalization programs it is necessary to improve legal regulation; ensure consistency of revitalization processes not only with development strategies, but also with spatial policy; create a set of financial instruments to provide local governments with diversified financial resources; to guarantee legal and financial security of revitalization measures.

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