scholarly journals CICLOS COGNITIVOS INTERPESSOAIS: DESAFIOS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE FORTALECIMENTO DA RELAÇÃO TERAPÊUTICA

Author(s):  
Sonia Mairos Ferreira ◽  
Pedro Machado

Abstract.COGNITIVE INTERPERSONAL CYCLES: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES TO THE STRENGTHEN THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONAssuming Jeremy Safran theoretical proposal as the frame conceptual approach, the present article is devoted to the problematic of cognitive interpersonal cycles and, in its scope, to their relevance in the context of relationally focused intervention. We proceed to a comprehensive synthesis of the construct in analysis, emphasizing its major referents and highlighting the key attributes that characterize it. These elements exposed, we progress to the examination of the specificities that the process of developing and strengthening of the therapeutic relationship should assume in this context, in specific, underlining, in this matter, its fundamental role as an instrument of the therapeutic process itself. We briefly explore how this relationship can constitute, in itself, as an important mechanism for the disconfirmation of maladaptive schemes and unbundling of crystallized interpersonal cognitive cycles. We present, in addition to the above, some strategies and techniques of strengthening of this therapeutic alliance, of which excels the meta-communication, given its gains in the establishment of an adaptive relationship between patient and therapist. We conclude by presenting a critical analysis of current studies, referencing future research needs.Key-words: Interpersonal cognitive cycles; therapeutic relationship; relationally focused interventionResumo.Assumindo como abordagem conceptual de base a proposta teórica de Jeremy Safran, o presente artigo é devotado à problemática dos ciclos cognitivos interpessoais e, no seu âmbito, à relevância que estes possuem no contexto da terapia focada nas relações. Procede-se, por conseguinte, a uma síntese compreensiva do construto em análise, apontando os seus referentes principais e salientando os atributos chave que o caracterizam. Expostos estes elementos procede-se ao exame das especificidades que o processo de formação e fortalecimento da relação terapêutica deve assumir neste âmbito em específico, salientando-se, para o efeito, o seu papel fundamental enquanto instrumento do próprio processo terapêutico. Explora-se, de forma breve, como esta relação se pode constituir como um importante mecanismo de desconfirmação de esquemas mal-adaptativos e, também, de desagregação de ciclos cognitivos interpessoais cristalizados. Apresentam-se, em complemento ao exposto, algumas estratégias e técnicas de potenciação desta aliança terapêutica, das quais se notabiliza a meta-comunicação, dadas as suas mais-valias no estabelecimento de relação adaptativa entre paciente e terapeuta. Conclui-se apresentando uma análise crítica dos estudos atuais, referenciando necessidades de investigação futuras. Palavras-chave: Ciclos cognitivos interpessoais, relação terapêutica, intervenção focada nas relações 

Author(s):  
Kenichi Mikami

This article discusses a university counselling case in which an Adult Attachment Interview based on the Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation (DMM–AAI), was used to overcome ruptures in a therapeutic alliance. A female client in her thirties came to see the counsellor to change her workaholic lifestyle; however, she soon developed erotic transference towards the counsellor. Because of countertransference, the counsellor proposed termination too early which she almost accepted due to her difficulty in reflecting on her past, and the alliance was ruptured. However, the administration of the DMM–AAI allowed the client to gain awareness of the reason for her seeking to terminate her counselling early; that is, a fear of losing her counsellor, which she realised had been a recurring fear in her past relationships. It also allowed the counsellor to renew his empathy towards the client. The present article discusses the effects and features of the DMM–AAI that made it possible to overcome the ruptures in the therapeutic alliance and proposes that it would be interesting to explore how its use during the therapeutic process can facilitate reflective processes in both client and clinician, particularly when the therapeutic alliance is at risk.


Author(s):  
Jasmine Thombs

This vignette illustrates how an individual with a complex pathology can present with a sight-threatening condition that appears to resist medical treatment in some measure if the psychological component is ignored. The case exemplifies the way in which therapeutic intervention can help in the recovery from a sightthreatening condition and from the underlying trauma associated with it. It is recognised that people affected by sight-threatening conditions will understandably experience very strong and at times overwhelming feelings related to grief and loss. In this case, the possibility of sight loss created a severe reaction of panic and confusion, and disrupted cognitive functions. These problems were often compounded by symptoms including anger, disassociation, apathy, and depression. This vignette showed how Bowlby's concepts of attachment and loss, and maternal deprivation, helped in the therapeutic alliance. The understanding of the client's internal working model was fundamental to the ongoing therapeutic process that allowed her to heal.


Author(s):  
Richard Giulianotti

World sport often appears as one of the most powerful illustrations of globalization in action. This chapter provides a critical analysis of global sport. Four major areas of research and debate on global sport are examined: political–economic issues, centering particularly on the commercial growth of sport and inequalities between different regions; global sport mega-events such as the Olympic Games or World Cup finals in football; the emergence and institutionalization of the global sport for development and peace; and sociocultural issues, notably the importance of global sport to diverse and shifting forms of identity and belonging. Concluding recommendations are provided on areas for future research into global sport.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arian Razmi-Farooji ◽  
Hanna Kropsu-Vehkaperä ◽  
Janne Härkönen ◽  
Harri Haapasalo

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to understand data management challenges in e-maintenance systems from a holistically viewpoint through summarizing the earlier scattered research in the field, and second, to present a conceptual approach for addressing these challenges in practice. Design/methodology/approach The study is realized as a combination of a literature review and by the means of analyzing the practices on an industry leader in manufacturing and maintenance services. Findings This research provides a general understanding over data management challenges in e-maintenance and summarizes their associated proposed solutions. In addition, this paper lists and exemplifies different types and sources of data which can be collected in e-maintenance, across different organizational levels. Analyzing the data management practices of an e-maintenance industry leader provides a conceptual approach to address identified challenges in practice. Research limitations/implications Since this paper is based on studying the practices of a single company, it might be limited to generalize the results. Future research topics can focus on each of mentioned data management challenges and also validate the applicability of presented model in other companies and industries. Practical implications Understanding the e-maintenance-related challenges helps maintenance managers and other involved stakeholders in e-maintenance systems to better solve the challenges. Originality/value The so-far literature on e-maintenance has been studied with narrow focus to data and data management in e-maintenance appears as one of the less studied topics in the literature. This research paper contributes to e-maintenance by highlighting the deficiencies of the discussion surrounding the perspectives of data management in e-maintenance by studying all common data management challenges and listing different types of data which need to be acquired in e-maintenance systems.


2021 ◽  
pp. 155633162110088
Author(s):  
Blake C. Meza ◽  
Andre M. Samuel ◽  
Todd J. Albert

This is a critical analysis of a study by Hoernschemeyer et al, “Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering for Adolescent Scoliosis with Growth Remaining: A Retrospective Review of 2 to 5-Year Postoperative Results” ( J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2020;102[13]:1169–1176), that assessed the clinical and radiographic outcomes of vertebral body tethering (VBT) in the treatment of adolescent scoliosis. The authors demonstrated successful treatment in 74% of patients, based on radiographic outcomes and avoidance of subsequent posterior spinal fusion. Nearly a quarter of patients required revision surgery. Almost half suffered a broken tether, although the effects of such complications are not fully understood. The study provided valuable information for determining which patients are reasonable candidates for VBT and emphasizes several questions surrounding this novel technology that remain unanswered. This analysis discusses the study’s strengths and weaknesses, suggests potential directions of future research, and examines the potential indications for VBT.


2020 ◽  
pp. 106342662098070
Author(s):  
Qshequilla P. Mitchell ◽  
S. Taylor Younginer ◽  
John E. Lochman ◽  
Eric M. Vernberg ◽  
Nicole P. Powell ◽  
...  

Therapeutic alliance is associated with treatment outcomes across a diverse range of intervention models and clinical populations. Likewise, the perceived quality of working alliance in adult psychotherapy has been a consistent predictor of engagement, while research with children is limited. This study draws from a sample of 180 children who were involved in a study of the Coping Power preventive intervention for elementary students with aggressive behavior. Approximately 1,080 individual intervention sessions were coded using the Therapeutic Process Observational Coding System (TPOCS-A). Results suggest that bonding, in the early sessions of Coping Power, predicted a reduction in teacher-reported externalizing behaviors. In addition, data analyses revealed that bonding interacted with children’s gender in the latter portions of Coping Power. Higher bonding for girls in later sessions predicted lower teacher-rated externalizing behaviors at 1-year follow-up. Finally, initial levels of aggression moderated the relationship between bond and parent-rated externalizing behaviors during the early and late sessions of Coping Power, with stronger effects for moderately aggressive children. Task orientation, a component of therapeutic alliance, in late sessions had counter-intuitive effect on parent-rated externalizing behaviors, possibly due to therapists’ efforts to impose more structure with children who were not progressing well.


2021 ◽  
pp. 108926802199516
Author(s):  
Rikki H. Sargent ◽  
Leonard S. Newman

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when group members mistakenly believe others’ cognitions and/or behaviors are systematically different from their own. More than 20 years have passed since the last review of pluralistic ignorance from a psychological framework, with more than 60 empirical articles assessing pluralistic ignorance published since then. Previous reviews took an almost entirely conceptual approach with minimal review of methodology, making existing reviews outdated and limited in the extent to which they can provide guidelines for researchers. The goal of this review is to evaluate and integrate the literature on pluralistic ignorance, clarify important conceptual issues, identify inconsistencies in the literature, and provide guidance for future research. We provide a comprehensive definition for the phenomenon, with a focus on its status as a group-level phenomenon. We highlight three areas of variation in particular in the current scoping review: variation in topics assessed, variation in measurement, and (especially) variation in methods for assessing the implications of individual-level misperceptions that, in aggregate, lead to pluralistic ignorance. By filling these gaps in the literature, we ultimately hope to motivate further analysis of the phenomenon.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 233339362110000
Author(s):  
Fuchsia Howard ◽  
Sarah Crowe ◽  
Scott Beck ◽  
Gregory Haljan

Individuals with chronic critical illness experience multiple complex physiological disturbances including ongoing respiratory failure, requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation, and thus communication impairments. In conducting a qualitative interpretive description study, we sought to ensure that individuals with chronic critical illness themselves were included as participants. Our commitment to recruiting these individuals to the study and ensuring their data meaningfully informed the analysis and findings required us to reconsider and challenge some of the traditional notions of high-quality qualitative research and develop appropriate practical strategies. These strategies included: (1) centering participant abilities and preferences, (2) adopting a flexible approach to conducting interviews, (3) engaging in a therapeutic relationship, and (4) valuing “thin” data. In this article, we extend existing literature describing the complexities of conducting research with individuals with communication impairments and strategies to consider in the hopes of informing future research with other populations historically excluded from study participation.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Prakash ◽  
Gunjan Soni ◽  
Ajay Pal Singh Rathore

Purpose The research on supply chain risk management (SCRM) is visibly on the rise, although its literature still lacks the state of the art that critically analyzes its content. The SCRM literature seems to require studies that utilize risk typology, sources of risk, etc. for reviewing the topic. The purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap by synthesizing the information obtained from 343 articles across 85 journals. This study also presents a critical analysis of the content of SCRM in a structured manner to identify the directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review (SLR) was devised and adopted, which involved the selection, classification, and evaluation of 343 research articles published over a period of 11 years (2004-2014). The content of extant SCRM literature was critically analyzed and synthesized from the perspective of the risk management process (RMP). Findings The analysis of extant literature shows that there is a marked rise in research in the SCRM area, especially after the year 2005. It was observed that not only risk but also different forms of uncertainties make supply chain (SC) operations difficult to manage. The SCRM actions yielded most benefits when their implementation was at chain or network level and managed strategically. The analysis also reveals that the manufacturing sector is most affected by risks and highly investigated by researchers. Practical implications A complete process for SCRM based on risk stratification, objectives of risk management, and RMP will be a guiding model for firms to manage risks. The research gaps identified and future directions provided here will encourage researchers and managers to devise new methods, tools, and techniques to address the risks in modern SC operations. Originality/value An SLR and risk-based content classification of SCRM literature were performed. To identify, locate, select, and analyze the SCRM literature, a structured and systematic process was adopted with some very rarely used methods such as two levels of search keywords, and strings were formulated to locate the most relevant articles in major academic databases.


2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Langhoff ◽  
Thomas Baer ◽  
Doris Zubraegel ◽  
Michael Linden

The therapeutic alliance is seen as an important dimension in any type of psychotherapy. But patient, therapist, or observers can have different views on the therapeutic alliance. The question is which perspective best represents the therapeutic alliance, and what are the differences between these alternative views. In the present study, the therapist–patient alliance (TPA, the view of the therapist), patient–therapist alliance (PTA, the view of the patient), and mutual therapeutic alliance (MTA, the view of an observer) were measured simultaneously in cognitive behavior therapy of patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. Additionally, the concordance between patient and therapist ratings (TPC) was calculated. Cognitive behavior therapists attained high positive scores in all perspectives for all dimensions of the therapeutic alliance, such as empathy, cooperation, transparency, focusing, and assurance of progress. Correlations were consistently higher for ratings between therapist and patient than between observer and patient. A relation with outcome (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) was only found for observer ratings. It was concluded that cognitive behavior therapists can achieve good alliances with their patients. Different perspectives on the therapeutic alliance should be distinguished and taken into account separately in studies on the therapeutic process and outcome.


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