scholarly journals DESIGN IMPROVEMENT AND OPERATION MODELING OF EAF GAS EXHAUST SYSTEM OF A FOUNDRY SHOP

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Eron’ko ◽  
S. M. Gorbatyuk ◽  
M. Yu. Tkachev ◽  
E. V. Oshovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Outlet Channel ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Industrial Sample ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
Arc Furnaces

As a result of a survey of gas exhaust systems of low-tonnage electric arc furnaces (from 3 to 10 tons) operated in the foundries of machine-building enterprises, the bottlenecks were identified, due to which a large amount of gas-dust emissions gets into the production rooms and pollutes the air in the working areas. First of all, it occurs due to the design schemes imperfection of the evacuation systems of gas and dust ejected from the furnace cavity through the outlet channel, the working window, gaps between its body and the roof, between edges of the holes in its upper part and the electrodes lowered through them. In particular, joint units of the rotary collection hoods with the gas exhaust pipelines in these systems do not provide proper sealing of movable joints. In this regard, the authors have proposed an improved design of rotation mechanism of the furnace collection hood, which involves the use of two sand gates. These gates eliminate the possibility of harmful emissions release between movably connected elements of the system into the environment. To begin designing of the industrial sample of a modernized mechanism, a method for calculating the energy-power parameters of its drive has been developed. A preliminary validation of the correctness of the taken technical decisions and of the obtained calculating dependencies was performed on the operating model of the investigated system manufactured on a 1:10 scale relative to the industrial sample. For the model research an instrumentation complex that included strain gauge transducer, AC amplifier, analogto-digital converter and computer was used. During this research the load acting on the model drive of the collection hood rotation mechanism when it was transferred from the working position to the parking one and back was fixed. At the same time, the load was measured for two cases: in the absence and in the presence of sand in the gates which ensure sealing of the movably joint elements of the investigated mechanical system. It was established that the portion of resistance forces arising in two sand gates during relative rotation of the moving element is 20  –  26  % of total load on the mechanism drive depending on angular velocity of the cantilever with collection hood. Similarly, this indicator calculated from obtained theoretical dependences was in the range of 17  –  23  % for the rotation mechanisms of collection hood of arc furnaces with a tonnage of 3 to 10  tons. Video filming of the smoke movement patterns, which flows from the furnace model through the existing gaps between its body and roof during the steelmaking process imitating, confirmed the reliability of the sand gates that provide complete sealing at the joint units of the moving parts of the collection hood rotation mechanism. Practical use of the proposed technical solution allows increasing of efficiency of evacuation of the harmful gas and dust emissions from the working zone of smelting furnaces used in the foundry.

Development of vibration system for decreasing of intensity of steel ladle outlet channel tightening

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
S. P. Eron’ko ◽  
E. A. Ponamareva ◽  
E. S. Tsykhmistro
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Flow Section ◽  
Steel Ladle ◽  
General View ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Outlet Channel ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
Oscillation Process ◽  
Vibration Impact

The problem of tightening of outlet channel of steel ladle still remains relevant at present. A review of scientific and technical studies, aimed at elaboration of methods to keep the channel flow section constant presented. An analysis of deposition forming mechanisms on walls of outlet channel of steel ladle was done. To prevent their formation it was proposed to apply a vibration impact on the ladle shutter. Using simulation studies and specially elaborated methodology, the degree of influence and frequency of amplitude oscillations, acting along the ladle channel, on increasing speed of layer thickness formation on its walls and number of tearing off hard particles was established. To evaluate intensity of elastic waves absorption by the refractories of ladle shutter during vibration impact on it, a natural experiment was done. As a result of the experiment an initial information was obtained for determining parameters of oscillation process to guarantee effective functioning of the proposed casting facility. A necessity was established to account tenfold decrease of vibration acceleration during propagation of elastic wave along the casting channel from the lower end of collector nuzzle to the upper end of the ladle casting nozzle. Results of the complex studies became base of technical solution at elaboration of design of the ladle shutter. The elaborated shutter is equipped by a system of exciting vertically-directed oscillations, promoting decreasing intensity of hard particles sticking on the walls of the outlet channel. The design of the perfected ladle shutter and general view of its test model shown, which is equipped with the vertically-directed oscillations exciting system. Depending on capacity of the steel ladles, which can be from 100 to 300 t, their shutters can be equipped with one or several pneumatic plunger vibrators. Each of the plunger having the mass of 0.8 kg, can develop an impact force up to 300 N when supplying into its working cavity compressed air of 0.2 MPa pressure at flow rate 150 l/min. Industrial tests of the modernized shutter in a foundry shop of Yasinovatsky machine-building plant were done.

scholarly journals An interlocking side mill with retrofittable carbide blades for processing of coarse-pitch tooth wheels

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Evgeniy V. Artamonov ◽  
Vitaliy V. Kireev ◽  
Vitaliy A. Zyryanov
Keyword(s):  
Hard Alloy ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Quality Tool

Nowadays Russian manufacturers of metal-cutting tools for machine-building industry do not offer structures of prefabricated cutting hobs with retrofittable carbide blades for processing of tooth wheels, though usage of retrofittable carbide blades allows to increase significantly working capacity and productivity of the processing. As of today creation of an assembly cutting tool for processing of tooth wheels with the retrofittable carbide blades is a big step forward for machine-building industry. A high quality tool allows warranting for a new equipment and making work of operators more productive. This paper offers a new technical solution providing increase of efficiency of processing by assembly tools with the retrofittable carbide blades made of a hard alloy. Due to usage of progressive cutting patterns division of a margin for straight-line segments and curved sections is performed. This division has a positive impact on cutting hard-alloy inserts and also reduces their wear and tear.

scholarly journals Influence of Exhaust System Setup on Working Zone Pollution by Dust during Sawing of Particleboards

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Pałubicki ◽  
Luďka Hlásková ◽  
Tomasz Rogoziński
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Dust Extraction ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
Machine Work

Air pollution by wood dust in furniture production sites is an important hygiene issue. The dust is created by all types of wood and wood-based material machining, and its concentration in the working zone surrounding the machining stand depends on the effectiveness of the dust exhaust system. In present research, three setups of the dust extraction system for a conventional table sawing machine are considered while machining particleboards. The results showed a high impact of the exhaust system connection setup on the dust concentration in the air surrounding the sawing machine work stand. The use of both main and auxiliary sawdust extraction connectors together ensured the highest clearness of the air, with only 0.5 mg/m3 of dust concentration. Closing the upper hood leads to a concentration five times higher, while disconnecting it results in a ten times higher dust content. The finest dust particles (<1 µm), however, are the most numerous in the case of closing the hood.

scholarly journals Investigation of plastic properties of AISI 316l steel by method of registration of macrolocalization fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (135) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Sergey Adjamskiy ◽  
Rostislav Podolskyi ◽  
Ganna Kononenko
Keyword(s):  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
Temporary Resistance

Selective laser melting is one of the modern methods of manufacturing parts in the production of machine-building equipment, a special place is occupied by complex technological processes used in the manufacture of high-load units of pneumatic-hydraulic system from heat-resistant alloys. The research was carried out on samples made of powder material - stainless steel AISI 316L martensite class. Metallographic studies showed that the density of the sample is 99.83%, the structure of the samples is a martensitic structure of equilibrium constructed tracks. Tests to determine the mechanical properties were performed in accordance with ISO 6892 on an INSTRON test machine. From the tensile diagram it was found that the yield strength was 376.56 MPa, the maximum point of temporary resistance of the sample - 615, 40 MPa 319 seconds after the start of the test. The control of the surface roughness was performed using a BioBase device. The working area of the tensile sample consisted of two areas: a roughness area of 5 μm, which accounted for 80% of the working part of the sample (zones A and Б) and 20% of the working part of the sample (zone Б), the roughness was 17 μm. According to the results of microstructure studies and studies by the method of registration of macrolocalization fields of the working zone of the samples, it was found that the destruction began from the surface of the samples from microconcentrators due to different roughness. It is established that the surface and subsurface layer with increased roughness in comparison with the main body has a smaller elongation by 10.84%. From microstructural studies of the working zone in the area of the gap, it was found that the destruction began from the surface of the samples between zones A and Б. During the research in zone A and Б, one of the concentrators of the gap was detected. As a result of the study, it was found that the destruction began with the surface of the samples and the place of change of its roughness. The mechanism of deformation of the sample from AISI 316L steel is shown, the scheme of extraction of tail sections of tracks and crack propagation in the conditions of tensile testing of the sample is constructed.

scholarly journals OF PLASTIC PROPERTIES OF AISI 316L STEEL BY METHOD OF REGISTRATION OF MACROLOCALIZATION FIELDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Sergey Adjamsky ◽  
Ganna Kononenko ◽  
Rostislav Podolskyi
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
Aisi 316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
316L Steel

Selective laser melting is one of the modern methods of manufacturing parts in the production of machine-building equipment, a special place is occupied by complex technological processes used in the manufacture of high-load units of pneumatic-hydraulic system from heat-resistant alloys. The studies were performed on samples made of powder material AISI 316L stainless steel martensite class. Tests to determine the mechanical properties were performed in accordance with ISO 6892 on an INSTRON test machine. The control of the surface roughness was performed using a BioBase device. From microstructural analysis and testing the method of registration of macrolocalization fields of the working zone samples, it was found that the destruction began from the surface of the samples from the microconcentrators due to different roughness.

Prospects of small capacity ca sting ladles transfer to stopperless casting of steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
S. P. Eron'ko ◽  
M. Yu. Tkachev ◽  
E. A. Ponamareva ◽  
E. V. Oshovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Normal Mode ◽  
Slide Gate ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Outlet Channel ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Gate System ◽  
Small Capacity

Despite encouraging results, obtained at pilot tests, attempts to substitute the stopper facilities by sliding gates at casting ladles of small capacity, used at foundries of machine-building plants, did not result in their implementation in industry. The problems of transferring casting ladles with a capacity of up to 10 tons to continuous casting of steel, due to the peculiarities of their operation under conditions of obtaining low-weight castings, were considered. Priority problems were noted, the successful solution of which will confirm the prospects of using slide gates in foundry. The main requirements for a steel tapping gate system of a casting ladle of small tonnage are as follows: autonomy of the power supply of the shutter drive, eliminating the need to move flexible hoses over a long distance along the working platform; guaranteed start of casting in normal mode without burning the channel with oxygen; the stability of the node pressing the refractory plates of the slide gate to high temperatures in the absence of forced air cooling; the possibility of an active influence on reducing the intensity of the process of overgrowing of the steel outlet of the ladle in the course of filling molds. As a constructive solution aimed at fulfilling the indicated conditions, it was proposed to use a balancer-type cartridge valve equipped with a modernized electromechanical actuator and auxiliary devices for starting casting in normal mode due to mechanical destruction of the crust at the entrance to the steel outlet channel, as well as heating its walls in the closed state when moving the ladle from one form to another. It was recognized that participation on a parity basis in the creation of a promising sliding gate system for foundry ladles with a capacity of up to 10 tons of several development organizations with practical experience in this technical field is worthwhile.

Initial Buoyancy Reduction in Exhausting Smoke With Solar Chimney Design

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Chow ◽  
W. K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Fire Response ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Set Up

A possible problem in using solar chimney as a natural smoke exhaust system will be identified in this paper. Smoke generated in a fire might not be removed effectively if the glazing walls are heated up due to exposure to solar radiation. It is because the buoyancy of the smoke is reduced initially in the solar chimney. This phenomenon of reducing buoyancy will be discussed. A simple equation of motion on smoke movement was set up. Some of the results of full-scale burning experiments carried out earlier for assessing the fire response of a glass façade system were applied to support the argument. Experiments indicated that smoke would take a longer time to move up when the glazing wall temperature is higher. A better smoke exhaust design accounting the reduction in buoyancy at this early stage of a fire should be worked out.

Parametrization of the fire-smoke exhaust system for a large and high-rise atrium in Shanghai through salt-bath experiment

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Juan Gui ◽  
Jun Gao ◽  
Xueli Hu
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Smoke Filling

Present specifications in Building Codes in China lack design parameters for smoke exhaust for large and high-rise atrium in buildings. An investigation of natural smoke filling and parametrization of fire-smoke exhaust in an atrium building in Shanghai was conducted based on salt-bath experiment, due to dynamic analogy between thermal smoke movement in air and brine dispersion in water. To obtain a small, scaled-down version of an atrium with a high polyfoam fire up to 1 MW, the brine-bath experiment was conducted with calcium chloride for small strength fire in small-space rooms, to demonstrate the natural smoke filling within the atrium. The interface height and filling time derived was highly comparable to those obtained by empirical equations. The results of computational fluid dynamics simulations agreed well with the salt-bath experiments. The evacuation time was also calculated with a dimensionless interface height of 0.2 to determine whether there was sufficient time for occupants to escape. The smoke filling process under mechanical smoke exhaust was also investigated by experiments, to parametrize the fire smoke exhaust system in the atrium. The optimal smoke exhaust level, natural and mechanical make-up level were determined and were recommended as the design parameters for the construction of atrium in buildings.

scholarly journals Improving Gear Milling Efficiency by Creating Prefabricated Cutters with Replaceable Cutting Carbide Plates

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
E. V. Artamonov ◽  
V. V. Kireev ◽  
V. A. Zyryanov
Keyword(s):  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Initial Contour ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Milling Cutter ◽  
Cutting Insert ◽  
Metal Cutting Tool ◽  
Building Enterprises

Today, when machining domestic-made worm milling cutter according to GOST 9324-80, a problem arises in their durability at the roughing stage. Russian tool companies engaged in the manufacture of metal cutting tools do not currently offer prefabricated worm tools with cutting elements made of hard alloy tools for machining large-modular gears.Purpose of research. Creation of prefabricated structures for machine-building enterprises with replaceable cutting carbide plates (RCHAP). Due to this, the productivity of equipment already available at the enterprise is increased several times, the economic efficiency of introducing high-quality metal-cutting tools makes it possible to purchase modern equipment and make the work of machine operators at machine-building enterprises more efficient and less time-consuming. In this paper, we propose a fundamentally new technical solution, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of machining gears with a metal-cutting tool, with the arrangement of replaceable carbide cutting plates in the prefabricated initial contour of the manufacturing rail in worm milling cutters.Methods. The research method is the use of graphic simulation, which allows you to determine the size of the crosssectional area of the cut layer for the cutting elements of the worm tool.Results. Improving the processing efficiency will be achieved by implementing a group cutting scheme in a prefabricated worm milling cutter by using a larger number of main and side carbide cutting inserts on an Archimedean tool worm, which allow sequentially cutting the machining allowance and reducing the feed rate to the cutting insert, to ensure milling uniformity throughout the processing stage, and also reduce the magnitude of shock loads on cutting carbide elements of a precast tool.Conclusion. The use of replaceable carbide plates in a group cutting scheme increases the durability and reliability of a precast worm cutter.

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