The assessment of neurocognitive functions in premature infants in the first year of life using Bayley Scales

To document the incidence of and neonatal factors associated with abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone in premature infants at follow-up, we studied 125 consecutively admitted infants weighing < 1,750 g treated in The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia intensive care nursery and subsequently seen in the Neonatal Follow-up Program up to 18 months of age. Fifty-seven infants (46%) displayed abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone which presented clinically as scapular retractions. These infants had significantly lower birth weights (P < .001) and gestational age (P < .001) as well as a higher incidence of acute and chronic pulmonary disease (P < 0.01) and CNS insults (P < .05) when compared with infants without scapular retractions. The 57 infants with scapular retractions were further divided into two groups: 42 infants (74%) in whom scapular retractions were associated with generalized mild hypertonicity and 15 infants (26%) in whom scapular retractions compensated for trunk and neck hypotonicity. The infants with scapular retractions and hypotonicity had a significantly higher incidence of neonatal neurologic morbidity including seizures, major resuscitations, and birth asphyxia (P < .01) when compared with the infants with scapular retractions and hypertonicity. Shoulder girdle tone abnormalities in the first year of life inhibit crawling, sitting, and object manipulation and, therefore, may manifest as delays in motor development. Identification of infants with significant neonatal risk factors for tone abnormalities is important to allow for earlier therapeutic intervention.

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THE EFFECT OF MONTHLY GAMMA-GLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION ON MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM INFECTION IN PREMATURE INFANTS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.32.1.4 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 4-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jules Amer ◽

Esther Ott ◽

Frank A. Ibbott ◽

Donough O'Brien ◽

C. Henry Kempe

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Gamma Globulin ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Controlled Study ◽

First Year ◽

Double Blind ◽

First Year Of Life

A double-blind controlled study to determine the effect on infections of repeated administration of large doses of gamma-globulin to premature infants revealed that significantly more of these infants had no infections and fewer had mild infections during the first year of life. The data also suggests that gamma-globulin afforded some amelioration of serious but nonfatal infections. Deaths from infection showed a similar trend in favor of the gamma-globulin group, but this difference on its own was not significant.

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HEMATOPOIESIS IN PREMATURE INFANTS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF THE EFFECT OF IRON AND OF ANIMAL-PROTEIN FACTOR

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.16.6.753 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 753-762

Author(s):

James A. Wolff ◽

Alice M. Goodfellow

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Iron Therapy ◽

First Year ◽

Protein Factor ◽

Anemia Of Prematurity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

One Year ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Weight Groups

Normal values in the first 3 months of life have been determined for hemoglobin, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, platelets, leukocytes and differential counts for premature infants with birth weights less than 1200 gm., and for those between 1200 and 1500 gm. at birth. No significant difference was found in the degree of depression of levels of hemoglobin and erythrocytes when values in the 2 weight groups were compared. Two reticulocyte peaks occur during the first 3 months of life. The first peak is present immediately after birth. The second peak, at about the eighth week, coincides with the occurrence of the greatest degree of anemia. Neither iron therapy nor treatment with animal-protein factor containing vitamin B12 and Aureomycin®, started before the end of the third week of life, had a statistically significant effect on the early phase of the anemia of prematurity. Untreated premature infants and those given animal-protein factor were anemic at the end of the first year of life. Subjects given iron therapy had normal hemoglobin values at one year of age. Blood transfusion is rarely necessary in the treatment of the anemia of prematurity.

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Correlation of the bayley scales of infant-toddler development-3rd edition and neuro-sensory motor assessment in preterm infants during the first year of life.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.24953/turkjped.2019.03.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 399 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Özgün Kaya-Kara ◽

Mintaze Kerem-Günel ◽

Şule Yiğit

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

First Year ◽

Motor Assessment ◽

Sensory Motor ◽

Toddler Development ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Bayley Scales

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Differences in Neurocognitive Abilities in Premature and Full-term Infants at 5 Months of Age

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v4i8.3303 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

S Kiselev ◽

O Lvova ◽

E Suleymanova

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Receptive Language ◽

Full Term ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Term Infants ◽

Neurocognitive Development ◽

Neurocognitive Functions ◽

Toddler Development ◽

The Impact ◽

Bayley Scales

It is known that prematurity is a risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Most of the studies were dedicated to those children who have reached the preschool and primary school age. However, the impact of prematurity on neurocognitive functions in the early stages of development is not investigated thoroughly. The aim of thisresearch was to reveal the differences in neurocognitive development in premature (24 babies) and gender-matched healthy mature full-term infants (31 participants) at 5 months of age. The gestational age of preterm children was between 29 and 35 weeks. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd Edition) were used to evaluate the neurocognitive abilities in children. The one-way ANOVA has revealedthat premature infants at 5 months of corrected age performed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more poorly than the full-term infants on cognitive scale, receptive language, gross and fine motor. No significant differences (p ≤.05) were found between preterm and full-term children on expressive language. In view of the obtained results, itcan be assumed that the prematurity has specific (not global) negative effect on neurocognitive development at 5 months of age. Keywords: premature infants, neurocognitive development, Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd Edition)

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