The effectiveness of local therapy of acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
V. S. Kozlov ◽  
E. L. Savlevich ◽  
S. A. Gorbunov ◽  
D. I. Felshin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

scholarly journals New prospects for local etiotropic treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
A. A. Krivopalov ◽  
V. A. Shatalov ◽  
S. V. Shervashidze
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

According to WHO, the respiratory system diseases are currently inside the ten most common pathologies. The modern strategy for treating influenza and ARVI gives priority to the antiviral and immunostimulating agents, but the symptomatic drugs, which include preparations based on silver and its compounds, also play an important role. The large positive experience in using silver preparations supported by numerous clinical studies shows their high efficacy and satisfactory safety profile in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nose and upper respiratory tract in children and adults.

scholarly journals Modern possibilities of herbal medicine in the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
A. V. Gurov ◽  
A. V. Muzhichkova
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Pelargonium Sidoides ◽  
Medicinal Substances ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

The article provides data on the effectiveness of the use of the drug in the treatment of acute, chronic and recurrent diseases of the respiratory tract and ENT organs. The drug is an extract of Pelargonium sidoides. From the standpoint of modern pharmacology, it is known that the use of natural products based on plant materials ensures safety and the absence of pronounced side effects. The main active ingredients of pelargonium are phenolic compounds: coumarins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The article details the biochemical and pharmacological properties of each of the above groups of compounds. It has been shown that the presence of several classes of phenolic compounds simultaneously contributes to the potentiation of the pharmacological effects of each group separately. Therefore, drug has a pronounced polytropic effect: antiviral, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, mucolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytoprotective. The article presents the results of numerous domestic and foreign randomized, placebo-controlled studies demonstrating its high efficacy and safety in the treatment of ENT diseases, upper respiratory tract infections and bronchitis, not only in adults, but also in children over 1 year old. On the basis of the analyzed and presented material, the authors concluded that the use of a natural-based drug in the treatment of acute respiratory infection is effective and safe, both as monotherapy and in combination with other medicinal substances. He is able to quickly eliminate not only the symptoms of inflammation, but also to support the body with any ailments of this type.

scholarly journals Adequate mucociliary clearance as a factor in the prevention and control of purulent-inflammatory pathology of the ENT organs

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
A. V. Gurov ◽  
M. A. Yushkina
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽  
And Control

Purulent-inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs are an urgent problem of modern clinical medicine. The high prevalence of this pathology is due to the active effect of pathogenic microflora on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, the increasing role of opportunistic and atypical microorganisms in the genesis of infection of the upper respiratory tract, as well as disorders in the mucociliary clearance. Limitations in the mobility of cilia of ciliated cells, as well as their partial or complete absence, a change in the composition of mucous secretions and a slowdown in the speed of mucus movement are the mechanisms that determine the possibility of an acute inflammation focus on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, and also increase the risk of developing chronic inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs. The accumulated data on the peculiarities of the existence of microbial biocenoses in the human body, as well as the steady widespread growth of the problem of antibiotic resistance, dictate the need to search for new solutions in the treatment of purulent-inflammatory pathology of the ENT organs. A well-established principle of therapy for such conditions is the topical use of combined drugs that combine mucolytic and antibacterial components that actively affect the main links in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. These tasks are most effectively solved by the drug, which contains the mucolytic N-acetylcysteine, which potentiates the effect of another component – the antibiotic thiamphenicol. An important aspect in favor of choosing this drug as a monotherapy or combination therapy for purulent-inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is a convenient form of release for aerosol administration.

scholarly journals Phage therapy in the treatment of patients with respiratory pathology: history, modern aspects, prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
G. N. Nikiforova ◽  
G. G. Asriyan ◽  
M. M. Gurkova ◽  
P. S. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Effective Use

Bacteriophages - viruses infecting bacteria are the largest known group of viruses, which in their structure mainly have doublestranded genomic DNA, but among them there are also groups with double-stranded RNA and single-stranded DNA and RNA. The total population is about 1031–1032 phages, they play an essential role in the regulation of the world’s number of bacteria. The rather complex and diverse interaction of these representatives of the microcosm continues throughout the history of their existence on our planet. The question of the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of patients with various bacterial infections still remains completely unexplored. The very idea of using these microorganisms for therapeutic purposes dates back to the First World War, when the French biologist and researcher Felix d’Hérelle discovered a special type of «bacteria-eating» viruses, on the basis of which he created drugs for the treatment of patients with dysentery. To date, a fairly large clinical experience has been accumulated in the use of phage preparations in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital tract, as well as in the therapy and prevention of purulent-septic processes and nosocomial infections. The mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract is the first line of defense against various respiratory pathogens. The ability of bacteriophages to attach to the surface layer of mucus - mucin, forming an antibacterial protection of the mucous membrane and thus reducing the level of colonization of mucus by bacterial pathogens, determines their effective use in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Due to certain unique properties of bacteriophages, peculiarities of vital activity and interaction with a bacterial cell, their use seems to be promising for the treatment of patients with infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

scholarly journals Topical aspects of the use of phytopreparations in acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
V. M. Svistushkin ◽  
S. V. Morozova ◽  
L. A. Keda
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Severe Allergic Reaction ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract today belong to the category of the most common pathological conditions. Most often they occur in the form of acute nasopharyngitis, acute rhinosinusitis and acute laryngitis, the clinical of which consists of such symptoms as general weakness, hyperthermia, nasal blockage and nasal discharge, dysosmia, pain and tickling in the throat, cough, dysphonia. The need to select a safe and effective mucoactive therapy justifies the use of the phytopreparation in this pathology, the main active ingredient of which is an extract of ivy leaves. Also in the composition of the drug includes anise oil, peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil and levomenthol. The mechanism of action of is associated with α-hederin contained in ivy leaves. This substance, binding to the beta-adrenoreceptors of the bronchi, causes relaxation of their smooth muscles. In addition, thanks to the saponins contained in the leaves of common ivy, a mucolytic and expectorant effect is achieved. Literature data show that ivy leaf preparations significantly reduce the severity of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract. Virtually none of the patients had severe side effects. Allergic reactions were recorded in less than 0.5% of cases, with no mention of a severe allergic reaction of the anaphylaxis type. Thus, the drug of plant origin in the form of drops can be successfully used in patients with symptoms of acute respiratory diseases.

CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF CHANGES IN THE NASAL CAVITY MICROBIOME IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT PARAMENINGEAL TUMORS DURING CHEMORADIATION THERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
A.D. Rodina ◽  
◽  
T.V. Gorbunova ◽  
O.A. Merkulov ◽  
N.V. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Malignant tumors of parameningeal localization are various morphological neoplasms located in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses and middle ear. As a result of tumor growth, conditions are created for the development of chronic inflammation. Studies of the microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in children with malignant tumors were practically not conducted. Objective of the research: to identify changes in the microbiome of the nasal cavity in children with malignant tumors of parameningeal localization during chemoradiotherapy. Materials and methods: the study included 29 patients with parameningeal tumors, 2–17 years old. Among the included in the study there were 18 boys (62%) and 11 girls (37%). Morphologically, the following were verified: embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) – 17 (58%), alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (arms) – 3 (10%), other sarcomas – 4 (13%), nasopharyngeal cancer – 5 (17%). All patients received induction chemotherapy. Simultaneous radiotherapy (LT) and chemotherapy (CT) – in 24 (82%) cases. After completing the chemoradiotherapy stage, consolidation therapy continued in 20 (70%) patients. Results: before the start of LT (after the induction stage of chemotherapy), a variety of microflora was observed in the nasal secretions, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were isolated in an equal ratio. The absence of growth of microorganisms was determined in 4 (13%) cases before the start of LT. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were more frequently detected after LT. Colonization of the nasal cavity of Candida albicans occurred before the start of LT in 4 (13%) and persisted after irradiation in 5 (17%) patients. In the delayed period, there was an increase in the percentage of patients who ridiculed gram-negative microorganisms – Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 4 (13%) cases. After 12 months, 3 (10%) patients showed a return of nosocomial flora (S. epidermidis MRSE and S. haemolyticus MRS), a decrease in colonization of P. aeruginosa and the preservation of C. albicans. Conclusion: at different stages of chemoradiotherapy, the nasal mucosa is colonized by various microorganisms that differ in their properties and pathogenicity. The continuation of this study will clarify the clinical significance of certain types of opportunistic microorganisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children with malignant tumors.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the low-molecular inductor of interferon of Amiksin® in treatment and preventive maintenance of the chronic recurrent inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
A. E. Shulzhenko ◽  
I. N. Zuikova ◽  
A. V. Karaulov ◽  
R. V. Shchubelko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Interferon Inductor

Introduction. In the formation of recurrent and/or prolonged chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract in addition to the known, previously studied, factors that play an important role in the violation of the human immune system at the level of local (mucosal) and systemic immunity and activation of herpes virus group (Epstein Virus Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 6). In the treatment of herpesvirus infections, activation of antiviral immunity in domestic medicine used drugs interferon inducer. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of interferon inductor Amiksin® in patients with chronic recurrent inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Materials and methods. Based on separation of “Allergy and Immunotherapy” SSC “Institute of Immunology” FMBA studied low-molecular interferon inductor Amixin® (JSC “Pharmstandard-Tomskhimpharm”, Russia) in the treatment of chronic recurrent inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The study included 40 patients between men and women, aged 18 to 65years old with a history of recurrent chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Clinical research methods included a medical history, previous efficiency of the treatment, the presence of comorbidities. Laboratory methods include bacteriological crop on flora in the material from the oropharynx and the detection of DNA viruses of herpes group in saliva. Patients of the main group, after clinical and laboratory examination, prescribed therapy with Amixin®. Patients in both groups received symptomatic therapy. The total duration of observation of each patient was 3 months. Results. Amiksin® receiving the drug in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic recurrent upper respiratory tract inflammatory diseases contributed to a more rapid relief of general and local symptoms. Also it found that reduces performance Amiksin® average viral load against Epstein-Barr virus. Over the next 3 months follow-up, 25 % of patients the main group marked exacerbation study pathology of the upper respiratory tract, in the control group of patients with recurrent exacerbations were more - 60 %, indicating that preventive action Amiksin® therapy. Conclusions: The use of low-molecular interferon inductor Amiksin®(JSC “Pharmstandard-Tomskhimpharm”, Russia) in the combined therapy showed good efficacy in reducing the concentration of chronic viral infections in the oropharynx and prevention of chronic relapsing inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

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