scholarly journals Chemical composition of hays of the Caatinga shrub legumes mororó and sabiá from different parts of the plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Osniel F. De Oliveira ◽  
Amanda F. De Lima ◽  
Mércia V. F. Dos Santos ◽  
Adriana Guim ◽  
Márcio V. Da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Different Parts

Native forages are important feed sources in the northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical characteristics of hays made from the native shrub legumes, sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) and mororó [Bauhinia cheilantha (Bong.) Steud.], using different plant fractions, leaves only or leaves plus twigs. Analyses carried out were: concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE), ash, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). Sabiá leaf hay contained greater CP concentration (182 g/kg DM) than mororó leaf hay (126 g/kg DM) but hay made from leaf plus twigs showed similar CP for both legumes (mean 106 g/kg DM). Concentrations of NDF (368 g/kg DM), NFC (418 g/kg DM) and TDN (481 g/kg DM) of mororó leaf hay were superior to those of sabiá leaf hay (465, 258 and 311 g/kg DM, respectively). The findings suggest that these native legumes can be conserved as hay during the growing season to provide a supplementary feed with acceptable nutritive value for feeding during the period of inadequate feed availability and quality in semi-arid Brazil. However, more samples from a range of growth stages and locations are needed to confirm these preliminary findings and to provide data on possible yields, while more feeding studies with ruminants are needed to confirm the preliminary data in terms of liveweight performance.

Effects of heat processing on digestible energy and other nutrient digestibilities of full-fat soybeans fed to weaner, grower and finisher pigs

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno J. Marty ◽  
Eduardo R. Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Weaner Pigs ◽  
Different Growth Stages

The influence of different heat treatments for full-fat soybeans (FFSB) on digestible energy (DE) values and fecal nutrient digestibilities was studied using 180 castrated male Landrace pigs at three different growth stages: weaner (17.1 ± 0.2 kg), grower (32 ± 0.2 kg) and finisher (61.6 ± 0.3 kg). The soybean products used in weaner (30%), grower (25%) and finisher (20%) diets were soybean meal (SBM) or FFSB processed by either extrusion (Ex), jet sploding (Js), micronization (Mi) or roasting (Ro). Digestibilities were determined by total fecal collections during the last 7 d of each 12-d period. Dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibilities of FFSB were lower (P < 0.05) in weaner than in grower or finisher pigs, but DE values and apparent digestibilities of crude protein (CP) and ether extract were not influenced by growth stage. Extruded FFSB had a superior CP digestibility than the other soybean products (86.4 vs. 79.8, 79.8, 80.0 and 78.2% for Js, Mi, Ro and SBM, respectively), and it also had a higher DE value (21.0 vs. 20.0, 19.6, 18.5 and 16.6 MJ DE kg−1 DM, P < 0.05). Extrusion of FFSB was most beneficial for weaner pigs as this heat treatment resulted in higher (P < 0.05) CP (87.8 vs. 80.9, 80.8, 82.1 and 76.6% for Js, Mi, Ro and SBM, respectively) and NDF (76.2 vs. 62.7, 63.3, 61.9 and 53.8% for Js, Mi, Ro and SBM, respectively) digestibilities. The heat treatments did not influence the CP and NDF digestibilities during grower or finisher stages. The data suggested that extrusion of FFSB yielded superior DE values and CP digestibilities than other heat treatments. Key words: Full-fat soybean products, extrusion, digestibility, pigs

scholarly journals Effect of fertilization with fluid swine slurry on production and nutritive value of Tifton 85

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernan Vielmo ◽  
Amadeu Bona Filho ◽  
André Brugnara Soares ◽  
Tangriani Simioni Assmann ◽  
Paulo Fernando Adami
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Swine Slurry ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of liquid swine slurry on dry matter accumulation rate and nutritive values (crude proten and neutral detergent fiber) of Tifton 85 grass pasture cultivated in southwestern Paraná from October 2005 to March 2006. It was used a complete random experimental design in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme composed of four doses of swine slurry in the plots (0, 80, 160 and 320 m³/ha) and four consecutive cuts in the subplots of the pasture. It was carried out two applications, one in the beginning of the experiment and other after 80 days. Cuts were performed every time pasture height was 40 cm. There was a dose versus cut interaction for all variables. Swine slurry promoted increase on dry matter accumulation rate only on the first cut after its application (cuts 1 and 3). Dry matter maximal yield (24.2 t/ha) was obtained at 249 m³/ha of swine slurry manure (143 and 106 m³/ha, respectively for applications 1 and 2), corresponding to 450 kg of N/ha. Percentage of crude protein increases and neutral detergent fiber of Tifton 85 grass decreases as dose of swine slurry increases, improving forage nutritive value. Use efficiency and nitrogen recovery rate decrease with addition of swine slurry doses.

scholarly journals Forage yield and nutritive value of hay from sorghum-sudangrass hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e95991110508
Author(s):  
Hosnerson Renan de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo ◽  
Ingrid Thalia Prado de Castro ◽  
Mário Henrique Melo e Lima ◽  
Luiza Maria Gigante Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
High Forage

The objective was to evaluate agronomically nine sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense) and the nutritive value of their respective hays. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 3 × 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. Three cuts were made: 42 days after germination, 29 days after regrowth, and 28 days after the second regrowth. All hybrids showed a higher number of plants ha–1 (P < 0.05) in the second cut. For the green matter and dry matter production of the hays, the values ranged from 49.16 to 62.07 t ha–1 and 9.07 to 11.43 t ha–1, respectively. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in dry matter, mineral matter, or ether extract. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 810, 1013016, and 1624F016 showed higher values of crude protein (CP) of 16.49, 16.17, 16.08, and 15.88%, respectively. Differences were observed (P < 0.05) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 802, 1013021, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006 presented lower levels of NDF (60.57, 60.74, 62.15, 62.37, 62.58, and 64.70%, respectively). The hybrids BRS 802, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006, stood out above the others, presenting high forage yield and adequate nutritive value (CP content >13% and NDF content <65%).

scholarly journals Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francirose Shigaki ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Ribeiro Jesus ◽  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
B Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fermentation Period

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P < 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.

Effects of Genotype and Rainfall on Forage Oats in a Semi-arid Region

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hadjichristodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Varietal Response ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYThere were significant differences in dry matter yield among five forage oat varieties tested at ten environments during 1970–75. The correlation coefficients between annual rainfall and DM yield varied with variety from 0·69 to 0·88, late varieties tending to give higher yields. Lateness, and high varietal response to annual rainfall and improved environmental conditions, can be used as selection criteria in semi-arid regions. Late varieties had higher DM and lower crude protein contents, and forage produced under lower rainfall conditions tended to have more DM and crude protein.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052
Author(s):  
Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽  
Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

scholarly journals Voluntary Intake and Apparent Digestibility of Artificially Dried Stargrass Fed to Holstein Bull Calves

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-437
Author(s):  
J. A. Yazman ◽  
J. A. Arroyo-Aguilú ◽  
R. E. McDowell ◽  
P. J. Van Soest ◽  
H. Cestero
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Holstein Bull ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of an artificially dried tropical grass, Cynodon nlemfuensis variety nlemfuensis. was evaluated utilizing Holstein bull calves. Two regrowth ages of grass hays, 30 and 45 days, were fed to two groups of four calves each: 16 and 24 weeks old. The grass hays were analyzed for dry matter and crude protein and for fiber fractions according to Goering and Van Soest. There were no significant differences between means for voluntary intake (g/kg body weight (BW)/day) of the chemical constituents for the four calf-hay groups. However, the trend was for higher intake by the 24-week old calves fed the 30-day hay than by the other three groups. Among the 16- week old calves, there was a higher voluntary intake by those consuming the 45-day hay despite the slightly higher nutritive value of the 30-day hay. When the data were pooled across calf ages, voluntary intake of 30-day hays was greater than for the 45-day ones, although only differences in crude protein intake were significant (P < .05). Pooled across hay ages, voluntary intake by the 24-week old calves was significantly greater (P < .05) than by the 16-week old calves for dry matter and neutral-detergent fiber only, indicating that hay intake was related to reticulo-ruminal capacity. Differences in apparent digestibility were significant (P < .05) only for crude protein with the 24-week old calves fed the 30-day hay, having a greater coefficient of digestibility than the 16- and 24-week old calves fed the 45-day hay. Crude protein digestibility of the 30-day hays (pooled across calf ages) was significantly greater (P < .05) than that of the 45-day hays. Although not significant for all constituents, the values were higher for the 30-day hay than for the 45-day hay (pooled across calf ages) and for the 24- week old calves than for the 16-week old calves (pooled across hay ages).

scholarly journals A Nutritional Comparison Study of Three Oaks Species Grown in Gara Mountains

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Khalid Ismail Saleem ◽  
Khaleda Haji Abdullah ◽  
Karvan Faraj Saadallah ◽  
Hilbin Ibrahim Abdullah ◽  
Rand Omar Khalo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Quercus Species

The preferred livelihood assets for meat and nutritious milk in thousands villages of Kurdistan rejoin/Iraq are sheep and goats. They generally rely on free roaming in rangeland during the growing seasons. In order to maintain their livestock during the scarcity of forages at winter seasons, the leaves and twigs of (Quercus aegilops, Q. infectoria and Q. libani) are harvested and dried as (dry leaf faggots) at autumn season to use as major substitute of feed. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional values of those three oaks species’ leaves at the same time of collecting period. Gara Mountains were chosen due to the wide presence of all three species. Leaves samples were collected at late September 2015 at elevation about 1250 MASL. The results have shown differences in chemical composition. Q. libani recorded higher content of dry matter (DM), ash and crude protein (CP), and lower content of crud fiber (CF). Higher content of ether extract (EE) was recorded in both Q. aegilops and Q. libani. The higher content of nitrogen free extract (NFE) and potassium (K) were recorded in Q. infectoria. While Q. aegilops recorded higher (CF) content. All Quercus species can be used as alternative feed substitute for small ruminant especially with some additives (such as salt, vitamin, and water), but more nutritive value was Q. libani then Q. infectoria followed by Q. aegilops. Therefore, the priority should be for Q. libani in foremost followed by Q. infectoria when dry leaves faggot were made.

scholarly journals Mineral supplementation of dairy heifers in Marandu-Grass pasture in spring and summer seasons

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto de Almeida Targino ALCOFORADO ◽  
Aianne Batista LIRA ◽  
Carla Giselly de SOUZA ◽  
Edson Mauro dos SANTOS ◽  
Safira Valença BISPO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Tropical Grasslands ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Here in this study we assessed dairy heifers kept in tropical grasslands during spring and summer seasons to observe the effects of two supplementation strategies upon their performance. Sixteen dairy heifers (Holstein 5/8 x Gyr 3/4) with 135.25 kg of body mass were randomly assigned in two supplementation treatments (e.g., mineral salt and protein salt supplement) during spring and summer seasons, divided into two groups of eight animals that represented 4.29 animal unit ha. Initial and final fasted weights (i.e., feed and water withheld for 16h) were obtained before to start and at the end of each grazing cycle (28 days), and then the weight gain (kg animal-1) per grazing cycle was calculated by the difference between final and initial weights. There was no significant effect (P <0.05) on the intake of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and dry matter digestibility, between treatments (P <0.05). However, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between seasons; e.g., respective means of dry matter intake (kg day-1,% BW g / kg 0.75), intake of crude protein (g day-1 g / kg 0.75), ether extract (g day-1), neutral detergent fiber (g day-1 and% BW) were 3.95 and 2.88 kg, 2.54 and 1.65%, 89.27 and 59.56 g kg0.75, 429.89 and 298.43 g day-1, 9.72 and 6.18 g kg0.75, 118.79 and 84.07 g day-1, 2.90 and 2.05 kg day-1, 1.86 and 1.18%, for Spring and Summer seasons. Moreover, the dry matter intake (% BW and g kg 0.75 of DM) were higher (P < 0.05) during the spring season (e.g., 2.53 vs 1.64 % BW; and 89.26 vs 59.56 g kg0.75 DM).

scholarly journals Processing methods of malted sorghum sprout impacts on the nutritive values

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
A. A. Saka ◽  
O. S. Sowande ◽  
R. K. Adekunjo ◽  
R. A. Salako ◽  
O. O. Lawrence- Azua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Fibre Fraction

The separated roots and shoots left after malt extraction from the young sorghum seedlings are collectively called Sorghum sprout and being regarded a waste. The study was designed to investigate the effect of different processing methods on the nutritive value of malted sorghum sprout (MSP). TheMSP was divided into three parts: raw (RMSP), alkaline (wood ash) treated (AMSP) and fermented (FMSP). The proximate composition, fibre fraction and the mineral contents were determined and all data obtained were subjected to one way analysis of variance. Results revealed that the proximate and fibre fraction values of MSP were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the processing methods. The highest dry matter (82.34%), ether extract (1.76%), ash (15.52%), neutral detergent fibre (63.00%) and hemicellulose (39.00%) values were recorded in FMSP. Fermentation and alkaline treatments reduced the crude protein while it increased the ether extract and nitrogen free extract of theMSP.Ash had the highest percentage value in fermentedmalted sorghum sprout (FMSP) and the lowest in raw malted sorghum sprout (RMSP). The concentration (g/kg) of calcium (14.45), phosphorus (67.92) and potassium (6.59) were significantly (p<0.05) highest in FMSP. The concentration (mg/kg) of iron (947.50) and copper (21.50) observed in AMSP were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the values obtained in FMSP followed by RMSP. It was observed that fermentation and alkaline treatment employed reduced zinc concentration values of the MSP. It can be concluded that fermentation processing method used in this study presented the best results in terms of the chemical andmineral composition values.

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