scholarly journals Poultry and cattle manure effects on sunflower performance, grain yield and selected soil properties in Limpopo Province, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matome J. Mokgolo ◽  
Jestino Mzezewa ◽  
Jude J.O. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Cropping Season

The application of organic manures as alternatives to reduce the use of mineral fertilisers is considered a good agricultural practice for smallholder farmers. However, the effect of organic manure on soil properties and crop yield depends upon its application rate and its chemical composition. A field experiment was carried out during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons at the University of Venda experimental farm (Limpopo Province, South Africa) to determine the effect of three organic manures (cattle, poultry and their 1:1 combination, 20 t/ha) on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) performance, grain yield and selected soil properties under rainfed conditions. Poultry manure produced the highest final infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration followed by cattle manure, their combination and the control in that order. Total nitrogen, calcium, and zinc were significantly different between treatments in the first season while potassium, sodium, and zinc were significantly different in the second season. Manure combination and poultry manure produced the highest organic carbon and available phosphorus, respectively, in both seasons compared to other treatments. Organic manure application had a significant (p less than 0.05) effect on dry matter, plant height and stem girth at all growth stages in the second cropping season but only in the flower bud stage for both parameters in the first season. Manure application in the second season resulted in an increase in the grain yield compared to the first season, except after application of poultry manure whereafter the grain yield decreased significantly by 168% from the first cropping season. The application of organic manure had a significant effect on sunflower grain yield, dry matter, head dry matter, plant height and stem girth throughout all growing stages in the second cropping season with poultry manure producing the best values.

scholarly journals CORRELATIONS AMONG GRAIN YIELD, YIELD AND WEED ATTRIBUTES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) AS INFLUENCED BY WEED CONTROL METHOD AND POULTRY MANURE RATE IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Sani Garko ◽  
K. D. Dawaki ◽  
M. A. Yawale ◽  
I. B. Mohammed ◽  
A. Y. Yaroson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Field trials were conducted during the rainy season of 2017 at Teaching and Research Farm of Bayero University and Kano State Livestock development Centre Dangora. To determine the magnitude and nature of the association between growth characters and grain yield of maize, as well as the percentage contribution of each of this independent variable on the dependant variable (yield).The trails consist of six weed control methods, three levels of poultry manure and three varieties of maize. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with variety allocated to the main plot, poultry manure to the sub-plot while weed control method to the sub-sub plot, and was replicated three times.  Grain yield correlated positively and significantly with growth and yield characters evaluated while weed dry weight and weed index were highly negatively correlated. The direct and indirect contributions results indicate that plant height had the highest direct contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016 and Doka 2017 while plant dry matter accumulation had the highest direct contribution at Dangora in 2017. Cob diameter had the least direct effect in the study; the highest indirect effect was from cob diameter through plant height. The percentage individual contribution to grain yield showed that plant height made the highest contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016, while cob diameter at both locations and plant dry matter at Dangora resulted in the least contribution. The combined contribution of dry matter and 100-seed weight was the highest positive contribution at BUK and that of plant height via 100-seed weight all in 2016 while cob length via 100-seed weight made the least negative contribution at BUK.

scholarly journals Residual impact of wellgrow formulation and npk on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
VS Meena ◽  
BR Maurya ◽  
RS Meena
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Matter Production

Effect of concentrate organic manure (wellgrow grain and wellgrow soil) and NPK improved the growth and yield of wheat. Significant improvement in terms of growth parameters like plant height, tillers, dry matter production and productive tillers with application of 120 : 60 : 60 NPK + 300 kg wellgrow soil/ha and at par with application of 120 : 60 : 60 NPK + 300 kg wellgrow grain/ha, treatment receiving 100% NPK + 300 kg wellgrow soil/ha resulted maximum grain yield (4545 kg /ha). Treatment of 100% NPK + 300 kg wellgrow grain/ha maintained higher straw yield (5715 kg/ha) and test weight (44.10 g) due to application of 100 % NPK along with 200 kg wellgrow soil/ha whereas it was at par with application of 75 and 100% NPK with both levels of wellgrow formulation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22738 Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(1): 143-146, 2015 (March)

scholarly journals Growth and yield performance of soybean with the application of Bradyrhyzobium inoculant via furrow and seed

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2387
Author(s):  
Santiel Alves Vieira Neto ◽  
Fábio Ribeiro Pires ◽  
João Carlos Madalão ◽  
Douglas Gomes Viana ◽  
Carlos César Evangelista de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Given the high costs of agricultural production, especially due to the price of fertilisers, particularly nitrogen, the use of inoculants to supply nitrogen to soybean crops is a widely recommended practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying inoculants through seed and planting furrow in soil previously cultivated with soybean and Brazilian native “cerrado” biome soil under greenhouse conditions. Seven treatments were tested: 1) inoculation via seed (inoculant + fungicide + micronutrient), 2) treatment via seed (fungicide + micronutrient), 3) control (only seed), 4) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 (recommended dose), 5) inoculation via furrow-dose 2 (twice the recommended dose), 6) inoculation via furrow-dose 3 (three times the recommended dose) and 7) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 + seed inoculation. We evaluated plant height, fresh and dry matter weight of the aerial part and nodules, number of total, viable and non-viable nodules, number of pods per plant and grain yield. Inoculation was more effective when used in cerrado soil, but soybean performance in treatments without inoculation was higher in previously cultivated soil. Application through furrow proved to be a viable practice due to the similarity of the results obtained with the traditional application by seed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Organic Manures and Inorganic Fertilizer on the Yield and Yield Attributes of Boro Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossaen ◽  
ATM Shamsuddoha ◽  
AK Paul ◽  
MSI Bhuiyan ◽  
ASM Zobaer
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Boro Rice

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different organic manure and inorganic fertilizer on the yield and yield attributes of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment consisted of 8 treatments, T0: Control, T1: 100% N100P15K45S20 (Recommended dose), T2: 50% NPKS + 5 t cowdung ha-1, T3: 70% NPKS + 3 t cowdung ha-1, T4: 50% NPKS + 4 t poultry manure ha-1, T5: 70% NPKS + 2.4 t poultry manure ha-1, T6: 50% NPKS + 5 t vermicompost ha-1and T7: 70% NPKS + 3 t vermicompost ha-1. At 30, 50, 70, 90 DAT and at harvest stage the tallest plant (24.18, 31.34, 44.67, 67.05 and 89.00 cm) and the greatest number of total tiller per hill (5.43, 11.64, 21.01 and 17.90) at same DAT was recorded from T5 and the lowest was observed from T0 in every aspect. The maximum number of effective tillers per hill (13.52), the longest panicle (24.59 cm), maximum number of total grain per plant (97.45), the highest weight of 1000 seeds (21.80 g), the maximum grain yield (7.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.64 t ha-1) was recorded from T5 treatment whereas the lowest number of effective tillers per hill (6.07) , the shortest panicle (16.45 cm) , the minimum total grain per plant (69.13) , the lowest weight of 1000 seeds (16.73 g), the lowest grain yield (2.06 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.63 t ha-1) was observed from T0 treatment. Although the highest biological yield was recorded from T5 treatment but statistically similar result were found from T3, T4 and T7 treatments. The highest harvest index also recorded for T5 treatment. It was obvious that yield of rice can be increased substantially with the judicious application of organic manure with chemical fertilizer. Keywords: Cowdung; poultry manure; vermicompost; NPKS; yield; yield contributing characters; boro rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v9i1-2.9486 The Agriculturists 2011; 9(1&2): 117-125

scholarly journals STUDIES ON INCREASED PLANT POPULATION OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF MAIZE (Zea mays L) IN YOLA AND MUBI, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-36
Author(s):  
Mamudu Njodi ◽  
Mohammed D. Toungos ◽  
Mu’azu Babayola ◽  
Hassan Kashim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Field experiment were conducted at Yola and Mubi locations to study the effects of increased plant population of five (5) varieties of maize Viz:  SAMMAZ 11, SAMMAZ  14, SAMMAZ 15, SAMMAZ 16, and SAMMAZ 17 on yield and yield component during the 2011 cropping season. The experimental design was a split plot design with maize varieties as the main plot treatments, while plant population, (53,333, 63,333, 80,000 and 106,666) as the sub-plot treatments. The treatment were replicated three (3) times. Characters measured included plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of days to 50% tasseling, number of day to 50 % silking, days to 95% maturity, number of ear per plant, stem diameter, length of ear, diameter of ear, number of grains per ear, 100 grain weight, number of grains per ear. Yield per plot and total grain yield per hectare. The result of the experiments showed that there was significant difference due to varietal effect in plant height at 3 WAS in Yola and at 7 WAS and 9 WAS in Mubi. Variety also affects days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking and days to 95% maturity at both locations. Variety also affects ear length at both locations. Interaction of variety and population affected harvest index in Mubi. Population significantly affected yield per plant, yield per plot, total grain yield per hectare in both locations. Combined analysis result showed highly significant effect due to location on plant height at 3 and 5 WAS and also due to variety. Location also affected number of leaves per plant significantly at 3WAS and highly significantly at 5, 7, 9 and 11 WAS. Varieties affected number of leaves per plant at 5 and 9 WAS and was highly significant at 11 WAS.  Location and varieties affected days to 50% tasseling, days to 50 % silking and days to 95% maturity, while population only affected days to 50% silking. Diameter of ear and harvest index was highly significant by location and on number of grains per row. Varieties also showed significant differences in length of ear. Location affected straw weight per plant, while varieties affected yield per plant and yield per plot, weight of 100 grain yield and total grain yield per hectare was also highly significantly affected. Population affected yield per plant, especially the ones in Yola. Straw weight, total grain yield and weight of 100 grain were significantly affected. SAMMAZ 15 which gave a plant population of 106,666 ha-1 is recommended at both locations.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Manure Source and Weeding Frequencies on Growth Parameters of Jute Mallow (Corchorus olitorious)

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
M. M. Olorukooba ◽  
R. Suleiman ◽  
O. Olukotun ◽  
R. Mohammed ◽  
E. Apene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Field trials were carried out during 2018 and during 2019 dry season periods at Federal College of Forestry and Mechanization Afaka Kaduna, located between latitude 10° 35”N and longitude 007° 21”E at altitude 644 m above sea level, to determine the effects of organic manure source and weeding frequencies on growth parameters of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorious). The experimental treatments consists of ten combinations of poultry manure + weed free, cow dung + weed free, goat dropping + weed free, poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 2 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 2 WAT, poultry manure + weeding at 4 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 4 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 4 WAT and  no organic manure application + no weeding which were laid out in a randomize complete block design (RCBD) and replicated 3 times The growth parameters observed  and measured were crop vigour score, plant height, shoot diameter, number of leaves and number of  primary branches. Result of the study showed that at harvest (8 WAT) all the treatments significantly affected the vigour of jute mallow crop and gave comparable score than the least observed with no nutrient + no weeding as control. The result revealed that plant growth at harvest exhibited significantly taller plant with application of poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT. In conclusion the result obtained from the study showed that poultry manure at 4 tons /ha + weeding at 4 WAT resulted in taller plant height, wider shoot diameter, increased number of leaves, number of branches than all other treatment due to lower weed infestation, it is therefore recommended as the best treatment combination to obtained the best growth rate of jute mallow.

scholarly journals Calidad fisiológica de semillas y variabilidad entre plantas en una población de arroz

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Luis Osmar Braga Schuch ◽  
Igor Kohls ◽  
Andreia da Silva Almeida ◽  
Cristiane Deuner ◽  
Jerffeson Araujo Cavalcante
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Early Seedling

<p>La calidad fisiológica de la semilla podría afectar el rendimiento de granos de arroz. Las diferencias en la calidad fisiológica de las semillas pueden causar la reducción y desuniformidad de la emergencia en el campo, acarreando una diferencia en el crecimiento inicial de las plantas, y consecuentemente afectando el cultivo y su rendimiento. Se realizo un experimento con el objetivo de evaluar la distribución espacial y la variabilidad en la población entre las plantas de arroz, en función de la calidad fisiológica de las semillas. Fueron utilizados nueve lotes de semillas de la cultivar BR-IRGA 410, siendo tres de alta, tres de media y tres de baja calidad fisiológica. Cada bloque consistió de nueve líneas de 5,5 metros de longitud, separadas por 0,12 metros. Se evaluó el número de fallas consecutivas y la variabilidad entre las plantas a través del coeficiente de variación de la altura de plantas y de la materia seca. El uso de las semillas con baja calidad fisiológica proporcionó mayor desuniformidad en la distribución espacial de la planta en el campo, y una mayor variabilidad entre las plantas que componen la población, lo que puede proporcionar un aumento en la competencia intra-especifica.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Seeds physiological quality and variability among plants in populations of rice</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Several authors try to relate the physiological quality of seeds with grain yield of rice. Differences in the physiological quality of seeds can cause reduction and uniformity of emergence in the field, leading to differential on early seedling growth, and consequently affecting the culture and your yield. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution and variability in populations of rice plants, depending on the physiological quality of seeds. Were used nine seed lots of cultivar BR-IRGA 410, three lots of high, three lots of medium and three lots of low physiological quality. Each block was composed of nine lines of 5.5 meters in length, spaced 0.12 meters. We evaluated the number of consecutive failures in emergence, and plant variability through the coefficient of variation of plant height and dry matter. The use of seed with low physiological quality provides increased uniformity in the spatial distribution of plants in the field, and greater variability from plants comprising the population, which can provide an increase in intra-specific competition.</p><p> </p>

INFLUENCE OF ZINC-ENRICHED ORGANIC MANURES ON THE YIELD, DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND ZINC UPTAKE OF MAIZE

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
M. R. Latha ◽  
P. Savithri ◽  
R. Indirani ◽  
S. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
The Cost

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of zinc-enriched organic manures on a maize crop. Organic manures, namely farmyard manure, poultry manure, coir pith and biogas slurry enriched with 0, 12.5 and 25.0 kg ZnSO4 ha -1 were evaluated for their influence on dry matter production, yield and uptake of zinc in maize. The results revealed that the application of poultry manure was better compared to other sources, resulting in a 26.6% increase in yield. By resorting to the enrichment of poultry manure with zinc, it was possible to save 12.5 kg ZnSO4 ha –1, thereby saving the cost of zinc fertilizer.

scholarly journals Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 589
Author(s):  
Adrián González-Guzmán ◽  
Daniel Sacristán ◽  
Antonio Rafael Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Vidal Barrón ◽  
José Torrent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship ◽  
Fungal Inoculation

Entomopathogenic fungi (EFs) are widely used as biological control agents. However, some strains of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum can also promote plant growth and increase nutrient uptake. We examined the effects of soil properties on the performance of Triticum durum inoculated by seed dressing with these EFs and grown on 12 agricultural soils. The plants were supplied with all nutrients except P and Zn (essential for yield and the grain quality of wheat). Fungal inoculation increased the grain yield and harvest index significantly with B. bassiana (17% and 14%, respectively) but not with M. brunneum (6% and 6%, respectively). The increase in grain yield was positively and moderately correlated with the soil available phosphorus (POlsen) in plants inoculated with B. bassiana and with the soil content in poorly crystalline Fe oxides with M. brunneum. In addition, the increase in aerial dry matter resulting from inoculation with B. bassiana was negatively correlated with soil available Zn. Furthermore, the observed increase in grain yields due to fungal inoculation resulted in P and Zn grain dilution (grain nutrient concentrations decrease). Inoculation with B. bassiana increased grain Zn uptake and the proportion of Zn in grain relative to that in aerial dry matter. Success in the mutualistic relationship between EF and wheat plants depends on the fungal strain and soil properties.

Effects of soil properties on variation in growth, grain yield and nutrient concentration of wheat and barley

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Matter Production

High spatial and temporal variability is an inherent feature of dryland cereal crops over much of the southern cereal zone. The potential limitations to crop growth and yield of the chemical properties of the subsoils in the region have been long recognised, but there is still an incomplete understanding of the relative importance of different traits and how they interact to affect grain yield. Measurements were taken in a paddock at the Minnipa Agriculture Centre, Upper Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, to describe the effects of properties in the topsoil and subsoil on plant dry matter production, grain yield and plant nutrient concentrations in two consecutive years. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Worrakatta) was grown in the first year and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Barque) in the second. All soil properties except pH showed a high degree of spatial variability. Variability in plant nutrient concentration, plant growth and grain yield was also high, but less than that of most of the soil properties. Variation in grain yield was more closely related to variation in dry matter at maturity and in harvest index than to dry matter production at tillering and anthesis. Soil properties had a stronger relationship with dry matter production and grain yield in 1999, the drier of the two years. Colwell phosphorus concentration in the topsoil (0–0.15 m) was positively correlated with dry matter production at tillering but was not related to dry matter production at anthesis or with grain yield. Subsoil pH, extractable boron concentration and electrical conductivity (EC) were closely related. The importance of EC and soil extractable boron to grain yield variation increased with depth, but EC had a greater influence than the other soil properties. In a year with above-average rainfall, very little of the variation in yield could be described by any of the measured soil variables. The results suggest that variation in EC was more important to describing variation in yield than variation in pH, extractable boron or other chemical properties.

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