scholarly journals Influence of uniconazole and plant density on nitrogen content and grain quality in winter wheat in South China

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Han ◽  
W. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
South China ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Dough Development Time

Superior protein quality and consistent processing quality is needed for winter wheat marketing in South China. It has been shown that uniconazole concentration and plant density are certainly related to crop growth. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of uniconazole concentration and plant density on nitrogen content and grain quality in winter wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.). Trials were managed to provide three levels of density (90 × 10<sup>4</sup>, 180 × 10<sup>4</sup>, and 270 × 10<sup>4</sup> per ha) over plots receiving four levels of uniconazole concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) which were applied to seeds before sowing. The results revealed that the contents of N accumulated in ear, stem, and leaf were higher in uniconazole concentrations than that in control, and the effect of uniconazole on main stem was bigger than that on tillers. The grain protein was significantly (LSD, <I>P</I> < 0.05) higher in uniconazole concentrations than that in control. Uniconazole at 20 mg/kg was the most favorable for improving grain protein and protein fractions. Application of uniconazole concentrations also significantly (LSD, <I>P</I> < 0.05) increased WGC (wet gluten content) and SDS (sedimentation volumes), prolonged DDT (dough development time) and DST (dough stable time), and improved WA (water absorption), increased VV (valorimeter value), and subsequently improved the processing quality of wheat grains. These results suggest that a combination of uniconazole concentration and plant density should be applied in South China.

The effect of two forms of nitrogen fertiliser applied near anthesis on the grain quality of irrigated wheat

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Cooper ◽  
AB Blakeney
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Irrigated Wheat

In 1976, the feasibility of using nitrogen (N) fertiliser to raise the protein levels of irrigated wheat was investigated using 3 rates of fertiliser (0, 40 and 80 kg N/ha) applied either at anthesis or 3 days later to the soil surface (ammonium nitrate), or as a foliar spray (urea). Each 40 kg/ha increment in N applied as ammonium nitrate or urea produced a 1.1% increase in grain protein. Ammonium nitrate produced significantly (P<0.01) higher protein levels than urea. The relationships between grain protein level and several grain quality criteria (farinograph absorption, extensibility, loaf volume, bake score) were examined to determine whether protein quality was maintained when protein levels were increased by late application of N fertiliser. All the criteria examined indicate that protein quality was maintained. Although it is possible to raise protein levels with N fertiliser, large price premiums for high protein would be necessary to make the practice economic.

scholarly journals The use of NDVI to determine the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants in the Stavropol Territory

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (12) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
I. STORCHAK ◽  
I. V. Chernova ◽  
F. Eroshenko ◽  
Tatiana Voloshenkova ◽  
Elena Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Federal State

Abstract. Lack of nitrogen leads to a decrease in yield and grain quality in winter wheat plants. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor nitrogen nutrition throughout the period of growth and development of plants, which will quickly assess the need for fertilizing to obtain high yields of quality grain. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the possibility of using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to control the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants in the Stavropol territory. Methods. The work was performed in federal state budgetary scientific institution “North-Caucasian Federal Agricultural Research Centre” at the production of winter crops. Selection of plant samples (sheaf material) was carried out according to the generally accepted method. Repeated – 4x. Determination of the chemical composition of plant organs was carried out by the method of V. T. Kurkaev with co-authors, and the content of chlorophyll – Milaeva and Primak. Results. Since the quality of winter wheat grain directly depends on the nitrogen supply of plants, the relationships between the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants and the values of the vegetation index NDVI were studied. High correlation coefficients between these indicators are obtained. Thus, the average of Rcorr fields.in 2012 it was equal to –0.89, and in 2013 and 2014 –0.82. In addition, due to the dependence of nitrogen content on the amount of chlorophyll, it was possible to analyze the correlation between these indicators and NDVI fields, which showed that a stable relationship (inverse) is observed in the case of the amount of chlorophyll per unit biomass (mg/g), which is estimated on average at –0.79. The interrelation between grain quality and earth remote sensing data is revealed. It is most clearly seen in the case of the maximum and average NDVI for the period from the resumption of spring vegetation to full ripeness of winter wheat. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of unstable humidification of the Stavropol territory, a high inverse correlation between the vegetation index NDVI and the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants was determined, which on average is estimated by the correlation coefficient equal to –0.84.

Predicting Winter Wheat Grain Quality Using Hyperspectral Data Based on Plant Nitrogen Status

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2132-2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Fang Wang ◽  
Ji Hua Wang ◽  
Mei Chen Feng ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Wen Jiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Plant Nitrogen

Quality of winter wheat from hyperspectral data would provide opportunities to manage grain harvest differently, and to maximize output by adjusting input in fields. In this study, two varieties winter wheat as the object, hyperspectral data were utilized to predict grain quality. Firstly, the leaf and stem nitrogen content at winter wheat anthesis stage was proved to be signification correctly with crude content and wet gluten. And the leaf relatedcoefficient more than stem at the anthesis. Then, spectral indices significantly correlated to plant nitrogen content at anthesis stage were potential indicators for grain qualities. The vegetation index, VI derived from the canopy spectral reflectance was signification correlated to the leaf nitrogen content at anthesis stage, and highly significantly correlated to the leaf nitrogen content. Based on above analysis, the predict grain quality model were build and the related coefficient were 0.86, 0.68, 0.84, 0.58 which were reached a very significant.The result demonstrated the model based on SIPI and RVI to predict different cultivars wheat grain quality were practical and feasible.

Quality responses of winter wheat cultivars to nitrogen and fungicide applications in Croatia

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Varga ◽  
Z. Svečnjak ◽  
Z. Jurković ◽  
M. Pospišil
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars may differ in grain quality responses to nitrogen (N) and fungicide applications, the two most important management inputs in the temperate climates of Europe. Limited information is available on N and fungicide effects on wheat quality in Croatia, where the wheat crop is widely grown under low N inputs without fungicide application. Field experiments were conducted during three years to evaluate the effects of fungicide (tebuconazol applied around heading) and two N fertilization rates on the grain quality of six widely grown winter wheat cultivars. Most cultivars failed to achieve the minimum breadmaking standards at a low N rate because of low protein content (103 g kg −1 ), Zeleny sedimentation (22.2 cm 3 ) and wet gluten (201 g kg −1 ). High N fertilization significantly increased these quality traits in all cultivars (an average of 21% for grain protein, 58% for Zeleny sedimentation and 40% for wet gluten). However, some cultivars with low genetic potential for accumulating grain protein failed to reach the breadmaking quality even at a high N rate when the N availability in the soil was limited by drought. Significant cultivar × N interactions existed for all grain quality traits, but were mainly associated with differences in the magnitude of the responses and less with the ranks. Five cultivars consistently showed increased falling number as the N rate rose, but these cultivar-specific responses to N fertilization were of much lesser magnitude than those across years. Fungicide application showed no effect on grain protein. Zeleny sedimentation, wet gluten or gluten index in all six cultivars tested, whereas one cultivar consistently showed decreased falling number after fungicide use. Only the hectolitre weights increased following fungicide application, especially for disease-susceptible cultivars at the high N rate. Thus, high N fertilization resulted in cultivar-dependent increases in protein content, Zeleny sedimentation, wet gluten and falling number, whereas fungicide application had no effect on grain quality except improved hectolitre weights.

The effect of some factors on growth, development and yield of winter wheat

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Holmes ◽  
W. M. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Growth Development

1. The effect of three factors (nitrogen level, time of nitrogen application and weed control) and their interactions on three different plant densities of winter wheat have been measured. Data concerning the growth, development and yield have been examined.2. Plant populations of 104,000, 155,000 and 281,000 per acre produced on the average of all treatments 21·3, 22·4 and 23·2 cwt. grain per acre, respectively.3. An increase in nitrogen fertilizer to the 2 cwt. sulphate of ammonia per acre level increased the grain yield of all populations. This response followed an increase in the number of tillers and an increase in the percentage of tillers producing ears. There was no significant interaction between nitrogen level and plant density. The nitrogen content of the grain increased with nitrogen level.4. Time of nitrogen application did not affect the grain yield, although it did cause considerable differences in the growth and development of the plants. There was no significant interaction betweentime of application and plant density. The late application of nitrogen produced a lower yield of straw and a higher nitrogen content in the grain.5. Weed control increased the grain yield of all plant populations, this increase following an increase in the number of ears per plant. There was a significant interaction between weed control and plant density. Weed control raised the yield of the low plant population by 3·9 cwt. per acre compared with 0·9 and 2·0 cwt. for the medium and high populations. Weed control also increased the nitrogen content of the grain.6. The only other interaction concerning grain yield which was significant was that of weed control with time of nitrogen application. Weed control increased the yield of the early and late applications but inexplicably reduced the yield of the intermediate date.7. It is concluded (a) that the experiment provided no evidence that the yield of a thin stand of winter wheat can be increased further by altering normal nitrogen fertilizer application or by altering the time of application of the fertilizer; (b) that for good results weed control is essential where the plant population is low.

scholarly journals The influence of foliar nutrition with urea in different phases of wheat development on grain protein content

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
I. M. Sheheda ◽  
N. V. Sandetska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Wheat Development

Aim. The effect of foliar urea nutrition on grain yield, protein, total protein harvest, and nitrogen content in the grain per spike in winter wheat plants of different varieties was studied. Methods. In the field experiment plants of six different bread winter wheat varieties were fertilized with urea in different ways: 1) control; 2) foliar nutrition with urea at the end of anthesis with a dose of 7 kg N / ha; 3) foliar nutrition with urea in the phase of late milk development. Results. It was found that after nutrition in the first period the yield increased by 7-11%, while after nutrition in the second period it remained practically unchanged in comparison with the control. The applied dose of nitrogen did not have a significant effect on the protein content. Grain productivity increased without reducing protein content in this case, and there was no negative correlation between these indicators. As a result, grain protein content was significantly increased in all varieties. Natalka had the highest indicator, due to the best combination of protein content and yield. The calculations of the increase in nitrogen content in the grain per spike at the end of anthesis showed that it was significantly higher than the out-of-root dose. Conclusions. Thus, it has been shown that foliar nutrition of wheat with urea at the end of anthesis is advisable for increase of protein harvest with the crop. This measure stimulates the functional activity of plants, promotes efficiency of nitrogen utilization. Keywords: nitrogen, grain protein, yield, winter wheat, foliar nutrition.

CDC Osprey winter wheat

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

CDC Osprey is a high-yielding, lodging-resistant, semidwarf winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with good winterhardiness. CDC Osprey has excellent grain quality. It has a grain protein concentration that is similar to Norstar combined with the superior agronomic performance of CDC Kestrel in Alberta and Saskatchewan. However, more susceptible rust reactions and lower grain yields than CDC Kestrel may limit the production of CDC Osprey in southeastern Manitoba. CDC Osprey is eligible for grades of the Canada Western Red Winter Wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, wheat (winter)

scholarly journals Influence of weather conditions of the year and variety features on nitrogen consumption and formation of winter wheat grain quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
A. M. Zvonar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Consumption ◽  
Two Factors

Influence of weather conditions of the year and variety features on nitrogen consumption and formation of winter wheat grain quality The article discusses the influence of two factors on the quality of winter wheat grain – the characteristics of the variety and weather conditions of the year. Varietal differences in the nitrogen supply to winter wheat grains were studied. A greater influence of the genetic characteristics of winter wheat varieties than weather conditions on the accumulation of nitrogen in wheat grain was revealed. The dependence of high quality wheat grain on arid weather conditions were confirmed. Varieties such as Arctis and Panonicus have shown more stable indicators of nitrogen content, so the grain of these varieties is the most conditioned. Keywords: nitrogen content, winter wheat, varietal features, protein content, weather conditions.

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