scholarly journals Alleviation of allelochemical stress-induced growth inhibition and oxidative damage in lettuce under closed hydroponics through electro-degradation

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
Md. Raihan Talukder ◽  
Md. Asaduzzaman ◽  
Makoto Ueno ◽  
Hideyuki Tanaka ◽  
Toshiki Asao
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Allelochemical Stress

Successive lettuce cultivation in closed hydroponics using the same nutrient solution causes the excess production and accumulation of allelochemicals. The accumulated allelochemicals induce oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in plants leading to growth inhibition. In this study, we investigated the allelochemicals that induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in lettuce grown in a once used non-renewed nutrient solution (1NR) and a twice used non-renewed nutrient solution (2NR) obtained from the successive cultivation and the alleviation of these damages through electro-degradation (ED). The 1NR solution was used for six weeks for a one-time lettuce cultivation while the 2NR solution was used for twelve weeks for a two-times lettuce cultivation. The results showed that the allelochemical stress caused growth inhibition in the lettuce in both the 1NR and 2NR solutions. It was observed that there was a higher generation of H2O2 and O2.– as well as a lower activity of the antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the roots of the plants grown in both the 1NR and 2NR solutions compared to plants grown in the new nutrient solution. The higher level of lipid peroxidation due to the higher MDA (malondialdehyde) content and higher soluble protein content were also observed in the roots of those plants. It was evident that lettuce root damage occurred due to accumulation of the allelochemicals in the 1NR and 2NR solutions. These damaged roots could not function normally nor uptake water and minerals from the culture solution. As a result, retarded lettuce growth was observed in the 1NR and 2NR solutions. The oxidative damage, soluble protein content, lipid peroxidation and ultimately growth retardation were more pronounced in the plants grown in the 2NR solution compared to the plants grown in the 1NR solution. The application of ED to the 1NR and 2NR solutions maintained the plant growth through less oxidative damage, soluble protein production and lipid peroxidation as was observed in the plants grown with the new nutrient solution. Therefore, the ED of a non-renewed culture solution would alleviate the allelochemical stress in lettuce under recycled hydroponics.

Toxic Effect of Cadmium on Azolla Imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Guan Ling Song ◽  
Hao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Cadmium Pollution ◽  
Mda Content

After cultivating 4 days in Steinberg medium with different concentrations of Cd2+, the toxic effect of cadmiun on Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai was investigated for the purpose to find out if this plant is suitable to using on restoration of waterbody with cadmium pollution. The variations of chlorophyll content, soluble-protein content, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase(CAT) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai were measured in this study. The results show that the chlorophyll content of Azolla imbricata(Roxb.)Nakai has no significant changes in media with Cd2+concentrations compare with control. The MDA content ascended significantly from the Cd2+concentration was 5 mg•L-1, because of the intensified oxidative damage. When Cd2+concentration is 0.1~20 mg•L-1, the souble protein content, POD activity and CAT activity increased to resist the oxidative damage. Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai is tolerance of cadmium pollution, it can be used to water bodies restoration with low level cadmium pollution.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Particles in the Jinjiang River Estuary on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Microcystit Flos-Aquae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Nan ◽  
Peiyong Guo ◽  
Hui Xing ◽  
Sijia Chen ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Abstract The effects of different concentrations (100,150,200,250 mg/L) and different particle sizes (0–75µm, 75–120µm, 120–150µm, 150–500µm) on soluble protein content, SOD and CAT activity, MDA content, chlorophyll a content and photosynthetic parameters of Microcystis flos-aquae were studied, the mechanism of the effect of suspended particulate matter on the physiology and biochemistry of Microcystis flos-aquae was discussed. The results showed that the soluble protein content of Microcystis flos-aquae did not change obviously after being stressed by suspended particles of different concentration/diameter. The SOD activity of Microcystis flos-aquae increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the concentration of suspended particulate matter. The SOD activity of Microcystis flos-aquae reached 28.03 U/mL when the concentration of suspended particulate matter was 100 mg/L. The CAT activity of Microcystis flos-aquae increased with the increase of the concentration of suspended particles, and reached the maximum value of 12.45 U/mgprot in the concentration group of 250 mg/L, showing a certain dose-effect. The effect of small particle size on SOD, CAT and MDA of Microcystis flos-aquae was more significant than that of large particle size. The larger the concentration and the smaller the particle size, the stronger the attenuation of light and the lower the content of chlorophyll a. Both Fv/Fm and Fv/F0 of Microcystis flos-aquae increased at first and then decreased under different concentration/size of suspended particles. The relative electron transfer rate gradually returned to the normal level with the passage of time. There was no significant difference in α value between treatment group and control group, ETRmax and Ik decreased.

scholarly journals Mutation in neurospora crassa with leaf extract of citrus aurantifolia and their soluble protein content

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Apurba Lal Ray ◽  
Mahbuba Akhter Jahan ◽  
Tahsina Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Morphological Mutants

Leaf extract of Citrus aurantifolia exhibited remarkable inhibitor effect on the radial mycelial growth of Neurospora crassa. The extract also showed mutagenic effect and atleast six morphological mutants of the fungus were detected including albino (al 243), vigorous (vg 117), fluffy (fl 220), colonial (cl 232), conidial band (con. band 171) and dirty (dir 83). The mutants were used for estimation of soluble protein in comparison with the wild type (Ema). The soluble protein content increased to some extent in case of the mutants con. band 171 (192.86 μg/ml), cl 232 (188.57 μg/ml) and vg 117 (186.43 μg/ml) as compared to the wild type (182.14 μg/ml). On the other hand, the soluble protein content was remarkably decreased in case of the mutant al 243 (94.28 μg/ml), which was about 50% less than the control. This indicates that the leaf extract not only effect colony morphology but possesses profound effect on growth and metabolism of the fungus. Key words: Neurospora crassa; Mutation; Leaf extract; Soluble protein DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8958 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 151-155

scholarly journals The Influence of Soil Acidity on the Physiological Responses of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472
Author(s):  
Brigitta Tóth ◽  
Csaba Juhász ◽  
Maryke Labuschagne ◽  
Makoena Joyce Moloi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Mda Content

The recent study was conducted to examine the influence of acidic soil on the activities of ascorbate (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), proline, protein as well as malon-dialdehyde (MDA) content, in two commercial spring wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806) at different growth stages (tillering and grain filling). A cultivar effect was significant only for MDA content, while the treatment effect was highly significant for proline, protein, and MDA. The sampling time effect was significant for most characteristics. MDA, antioxidative capacity, as well as protein content increased with maturity. At grain filling, MDA and proline contents were significantly higher at pH 5 than pH 6 and 7 for both cultivars, with the highest content in SST806. Similarly, SST806 had significantly higher APX and POD when growing at pH 5. There were no significant differences in protein content at grain filling between either genotype or treatments affected by low pH. This study showed that growth stage and soil pH influence the rate of lipid peroxidation as well as the antioxidative capacity of wheat, with a larger effect at grain filling, at pH 5. Although SST806 had higher proline, POD, and APX content than PAN3497 at this growth stage, this coincided with a very high MDA content. This shows that the high antioxidative capacity observed here, was not associated with a reduction of lipid peroxidation under low soil pH. Further research should, therefore, be done to establish the role of the induced antioxidant system in association with growth and yield in wheat.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal efficacy of trifoliate orange seedlings on alleviating temperature stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.S. Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Entry Points

Citrus plants often suffer from temperature stress, which seriously inhibits tree growth and even results in tree death. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Glomus mosseae on growth, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and soluble protein content of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings at low (15°C), optimum (25°C) and high (35°C) temperatures. Sixty-eight days after temperature stresses, mycorrhizal colonization and number of both entry points and vesicles were significantly inhibited by low or high temperature. Mycorrhizal seedlings recorded significantly higher growth characteristics than non-mycorrhizal seedlings at both optimum and high temperatures, but the beneficial effects were almost lost at low temperature. Generally, mycorrhizal seedlings presented notably higher root traits (projected area, surface area, number of forks and volume) than non-mycorrhizal seedlings regardless of temperature levels. Mycorrhizal colonization significantly increased SOD and CAT activities and soluble protein content at high temperature, increased only SOD activity at optimum temperature, and decreased only soluble protein content at low temperature. It suggests that mycorrhizal alleviation of temperature stress in trifoliate orange seedlings was at high temperature, but the alleviation was obviously weakened at low temperature.

Ozone effects on soluble protein content of Acer negundo, Quercus robur and Platanus spp. pollen

Aerobiologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ribeiro ◽  
L. Duque ◽  
R. Sousa ◽  
I. Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Acer Negundo

Effects of auxins on soluble carbohydrates, starch and soluble protein content in Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) cultured in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison Paulo Chu ◽  
Armando Reis Tavares ◽  
Shoey Kanashiro ◽  
Patricia Giampaoli ◽  
Erika Szeibel Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Protein Content

Photosynthesis, vegetative habit and culinary properties of sage (Salvia officinalis) in response to low-light conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Mapes ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Double Blind

Mapes, C. and Xu, Y. 2014. Photosynthesis, vegetative habit and culinary properties of sage (Salvia officinalis) in response to low-light conditions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 881–889. Culinary sage (Salvia officinalis) is known to grow better at sunny locations with good drainage. However, when there is a necessity to propagate it in controlled environments with minimal additional lighting, or at shady locations, how significantly its growth and production would be restricted has not been well investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the responses of sage grown in a greenhouse over the winter when ambient light in the greenhouse is lower than 212 μmol m−2 s−1 (or a daily light integral of 9.2 mol m−2 d−1). Sage seedlings were planted in growing media and covered with various shade cloths to reach 70, 50 and 30% of the ambient irradiance. Photochemical efficiency and in situ chlorophyll status were estimated at 7, 21, and 56 d. The daily leaf emergence rate was calculated by monitoring changes in leaf number. Plant height, leaf size, biomass, aroma rating and soluble protein content of the sage plants grown under various light levels were measured at 84 d. The results indicate that light impacted the integrity of chloroplasts and the photosynthetic capacity of sage plants, as manifested by the lower the light level, the more the declines in variable fluorescence/maximal fluorescence and chlorophyll content index. Biochemical analysis revealed that the concentration of chlorophyll (per gram leaf dry mass) slightly increased under 50 and 30% light, but that of carotenoids was not changed. Light also affected the vegetative habit of sage plants. With reduced light intensity, plant height increased, whereas leaf size and number decreased. Double-blind aroma testing suggested that adequate light intesity might be required for the biosynthesis of essential oil in sage, attenuating its aroma. The soluble protein content in sage leaves declined at 50 and 30% light, suggesting a deminished source of essential amino acids contained in the plant. In summary, sage responds sensitively to reducing irradiance, which directly restricts its photosynthesis, and thus alters its vegetative growth and culinary properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document