scholarly journals Determination of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether migrated from food cans using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Jordáková ◽  
J. Dobiáš ◽  
M. Voldřich ◽  
J. Postka
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detector ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

Varnishes used for the inner coatings of food cans are mostly based on epoxy resins or vinylic organosols. The epoxy resins are produced from bisphenol A and bisphenol F and they also contain BADGE or BFDGE as stabilising components. A simple method for the quantitative determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) migrated from food packaging materials was optimised. The can sample was extracted with acetonitrile or with food simulants (distilled water, 3% acetic acid and 10% ethanol) and the extract obtained was analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detector. The limits of detection and quantification ranged between 0.15&ndash;0.86 and 0.51&ndash;2.77 &micro;g/dm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The migrating levels of bisphenols found in various can samples were for BPA and for BADGE in the range from 0.63 &times; 10<sup>&ndash;3</sup> to 0.34 mg/dm<sup>2</sup>, and from 1.49 &times; 10<sup>&ndash;3</sup> to 3.67 mg/dm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. BPF and BFDGE were practically not detected in the can samples. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Investigation of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether, bisphenol f diglycidyl ether and their hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives stability in water-based food simulants

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S272-S275
Author(s):  
I. Poustková ◽  
J. Dobiáš ◽  
J. Poustka ◽  
M. Voldřich
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Phase Gradient ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Food Simulants ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Food Simulant

Varnishes used as the inner coatings of food cans are often based on epoxy resins or vinylic organosols. The epoxy resins can be produced from bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF) and they also contain bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) as stabilising components. These compounds may break down during storage and also by influence of food simulants. The stability of BADGE and BFDGE was studied using reverse-phase gradient high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD). Four experiments were compared: (i) BPA solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (ii) BADGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (iii) BFDGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant and (iv) mixture of all bisphenols solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant. Distilled water, 10% ethanol, 95% ethanol and 3% acetic acid were used as food simulants. It was observed that BPA, BADGE and BFDGE were most stabile in 95% ethanol and least stabile in 3% acetic acid. Creation of hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives was in each food simulant different so it cannot be predicted.

Issue of Epoxy-Based Coatings System Crystallization and Effect of Partial Crystallinity on Mechanical Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Michaela Vyhnánková ◽  
Jakub Hodul ◽  
Jiří Bydžovský
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Bisphenol F

Crystallization of bisphenol A-based and bisphenol F-based epoxy resins is the common property of the oligomers. However, producers of paints, coatings and other systems based on these epoxy resins are making efforts to slow down the crystallization process as much as possible. Thereby the shelf life is prolonged, while improving the competitiveness of their products. The main topic is the generalization of factors influencing the crystallization process of bisphenol A-based and bisphenol F-based epoxy resins, the validation of new approaches to possibility of influencing their crystallization process, and the determination of possibility of using a certain degree of crystallinity of bisphenol A-based and bisphenol F-based epoxy resins when preparing and producing paint and coating systems. Two types of the epoxy resins in formulations of paint and coating and other systems, namely: diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF) were used. The tendency to crystallize not only for the pure epoxy resins, but also various mixtures with reactive diluents, fillers, etc. was determined according to the standard ISO 4895 Plastics – Liquid epoxy resins – Determination of tendency to crystallize. Furthermore, the crystallinity of individual samples was determined. The effectiveness of potentially active nucleating agents such as precipitated calcium carbonate, DGEBA, and DGEBF crystals, etc. was selected and tested according to the ISO 4895 standard. The effectiveness of potentially active admixtures with crystallization retardation effect was selected and tested according to the ISO 4895 standard. Selected samples of the epoxy resins with a specified degree of crystallinity were cured with 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine (IPD) based crosslinking agent. Mechanical parameters such as compressive strength and flexural strength were determined. The influence of crystallinity on selected mechanical parameters was also observed.

scholarly journals Levels of Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE) and Bisphenol F Diglycidyl Ether (BFDGE) in Canned Liquid Infant Formula Products in Canada and Dietary Intake Estimates

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1780-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Liang Cao ◽  
Guy Dufresne ◽  
Genevieve Clement ◽  
Stphane Blisle ◽  
Andr Robichaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Stable Forms

Abstract A method based on solid-phase extraction followed by HPLC analysis with fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in liquid infant formula. In this method, instead of trying to isolate and measure each individual form of the molecules, hydrolysis of BADGE, BFDGE, BADGEH2O, and BFDGEH2O was forced to completion to their stable forms, BADGE2H2O and BFDGE2H2O, before extraction. The method LODs were 2.0 ng/g for BADGE and 3.0 ng/g for BFDGE. Extraction recoveries were 6191 for BADGE, and 5582 for BFDGE over the concentration range of 10 to 50 ng/g. The method was used to analyze samples of 21 canned liquid infant formula products for BADGE and BFDGE. BADGE was detected in samples of all products at levels ranging from as low as 2.4 ng/g to as high as 262 ng/g. BFDGE was detected in only one product (40 ng/g), and this product also had the highest BADGE level (262 ng/g). HPLC/MS/MS with a similar LOD was also used to confirm the results. The probable daily intakes (PDI) of BADGE and BFDGE due to consumption of canned liquid infant formula were estimated for infants from premature to 1218 months of age. The maximum PDI of BADGE was 22 g/kg body weight/day for the 1218 months old with the maximum formula intake. The maximum PDI of BFDGE was &lt;3.4 g/kg body weight/day.

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